scholarly journals Does Retail Food Diversity in Urban Food Environments Influence Consumer Diets?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7666
Author(s):  
Christine G. Kiria Chege ◽  
Rosina Wanyama ◽  
Mark Lundy ◽  
Wilson Nguru ◽  
Matthias Jäger
Keyword(s):  
Food Environment ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Open Air Markets

The food environment influences consumer diets in significant yet underexplored ways. In this study, we assess the way in which the Nairobi urban food environment—availability, accessibility, affordability, desirability, convenience and marketing—influences the dietary choices and quality of poor urban consumers, by combining market-level diversity scores (MLDS) with household and individual data collected from resource-poor (slum) neighbourhoods in Nairobi, Kenya. We find that urban-poor settings are characterized by a variety of food retail venues, including informal markets such as kiosks, mom-and-pop shops and tabletop vendors, as well as modern retail outlets such as supermarkets. Most of these food outlets predominantly sell unhealthy, highly-processed and energy-dense foods rather than nutritious foods such as vegetables, fruits and animal products. Our analyses show that supermarkets have the highest MLDS, yet they do not significantly influence the diets of resource-poor households. However, a high MLDS among informal retail outlets has a positive association with diet quality; conversely, open-air markets have a negative association. The nutritional status of urban-poor consumers can be improved by promoting the diversification of healthy, nutritious foods across traditional retail outlets and improving accessibility of the outlets to consumers.

scholarly journals A Spatially Explicit Approach for Targeting Resource-Poor Smallholders to Improve Their Participation in Agribusiness: A Case of Nyando and Vihiga County in Western Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Mwehe Mathenge ◽  
Ben G. J. S. Sonneveld ◽  
Jacqueline E. W. Broerse
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Resource Poor

The majority of smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa face myriad challenges to participating in agribusiness markets. However, how the spatially explicit factors interact to influence household decision choices at the local level is not well understood. This paper’s objective is to identify, map, and analyze spatial dependency and heterogeneity in factors that impede poor smallholders from participating in agribusiness markets. Using the researcher-administered survey questionnaires, we collected geo-referenced data from 392 households in Western Kenya. We used three spatial geostatistics methods in Geographic Information System to analyze data—Global Moran’s I, Cluster and Outliers Analysis, and geographically weighted regression. Results show that factors impeding smallholder farmers exhibited local spatial autocorrelation that was linked to the local context. We identified distinct local spatial clusters (hot spots and cold spots clusters) that were spatially and statistically significant. Results affirm that spatially explicit factors play a crucial role in influencing the farming decisions of smallholder households. The paper has demonstrated that geospatial analysis using geographically disaggregated data and methods could help in the identification of resource-poor households and neighborhoods. To improve poor smallholders’ participation in agribusiness, we recommend policymakers to design spatially targeted interventions that are embedded in the local context and informed by locally expressed needs.

scholarly journals The Local Food Environment and Body Mass Index among the Urban Poor in Accra, Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidelia A. A. Dake ◽  
Amanda L. Thompson ◽  
Shu Wen Ng ◽  
Samuel Agyei-Mensah ◽  
Samuel N. A. Codjoe
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Local Food

The Servant Class City

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Karjanen
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Revitalization ◽  
Working Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
New Development ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
City Revitalization

The Servant Class City demonstrates that for San Diego’s inner city revitalization, focusing on new development, visitor services, and high-rises overlooks the dramatic growth in low-wage service work, and persistent challenges facing poor, and working poor inner city residents. The book documents how over in a 30 year period, San Diego’s urban revitalization targeted specific industries, creating thousands of low-wage jobs and transforming the inner city, while at the same time broader economic trends further eroded the economic standing of the urban poor and working poor. As a result, inner city revitalization was planned and dependent on the continued expansion of poor and working poor households, while a range of other economic challenges, from payday lending and check cashing to unaffordable housing and limited social safety nets, have made the economic standing of the urban poor and working poor even more precarious, despite dramatic urban revitalization. David J. Karjanen argues that this process, as well as the broader efforts of urban policy, fails to adequately address the highly complex economic problems of the urban and working poor, and only a dramatic re-thinking of these issues will generate substantial solutions.

scholarly journals The Suburbanisation of the Poor? Investigating the distribution and concentration of deprivation in Auckland and Wellington, New Zealand 1991-2013

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joseph Arthur Roche
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
House Prices ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Housing Options

<p>Inequality has emerged as a key issue in contemporary global urban debates. Many developed cities across the world are characterised by growing social–spatial inequalities, housing liberalisation, and gentrification, which limit the housing options of poor households. When the poor have limited housing options, they must deploy coping mechanisms. There is recent international literature on the suburbanisation of poverty predominantly in European and American cities. The aim of my research is to identify whether – given rising house prices – there has been a shift of the urban poor away from the central cities in New Zealand, towards the middle suburbs and peripheries. Furthermore, my research seeks to observe whether poor populations are becoming more concentrated. Using the New Zealand deprivation score, I analyse the trend towards a marked suburbanisation of deprivation in the two biggest cities in New Zealand, Auckland and Wellington. I find a shift of deprivation away from the city centre and towards the middle and outer suburbs in both cities. I find that the spatial distribution of deprivation changes with the macroeconomic conditions of the time. I also find in cases of no ‘suburbanisation of the poor’ that instead the poor are crowding and consuming less housing. These findings can inform future urban development practices.</p>

The Vegan's Dilemma

Utilitas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-367
Author(s):  
Donald W. Bruckner
Keyword(s):  
Moral Requirement ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Animal Agriculture ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Convincing Argument ◽  
Dietary Choices

AbstractA common and convincing argument for the moral requirement of veganism is based on the widespread, severe, and unnecessary harm done to animals, the environment, and humans by the practices of animal agriculture. If this harm footprint argument succeeds in showing that producing and consuming animal products is morally impermissible, then parallel harm footprint arguments show that a vast array of modern practices are impermissible. On this first horn of the dilemma, by engaging in these practices, vegans are living immorally by their own lights. This first horn can be avoided by assuming that morality requires not minimizing harm, but only keeping the harm of our actions within some budget. On the second horn, however, we recognize that there are many ways of keeping our harm footprints within budget other than through our dietary choices. On the second horn of the vegan's dilemma, therefore, veganism is not a moral requirement.

Introduction

Eating Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kemmerer
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Wild Bird ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Suffering ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Born Again

When i was in my twenties on a Watson Fellowship that took me to the Tibetan Plateau, I met an Irishman at a low-end restaurant. We had dinner together. Though each of us had met many other people in our travels, there was something magnetic about our connection—I refer to the negative ends of a magnet. We disagreed about pretty much everything. At the time, I would best have been described as a budding philosopher, ethicist, atheist, feminist, and animal liberationist; he was a scientist, mathematician, born-again Christian, and environmentalist. Ideologically we had almost nothing in common, but since we had both been traveling for months with little opportunity to speak English (and even less to engage in meaningful discussions) we spent our days together . . . and argued almost perpetually. Because we tended to meet at dinner, and because I was a vegetarian, our disagreements usually began over food, then spread to innumerable other areas of discord. Despite the discord, we continued our discussions long after we returned to our respective homes. Yet neither reason nor heartfelt pleas shifted the Irishman to a plant-based diet. He was sympathetic to human moral responsibilities for animal suffering (ever the Christian), but on learning of the cruelty of animal agriculture, he merely shifted to “happy meat” and the eggs of “free range” chickens. Though I feverishly pointed to the horrific transport and dependable adolescent slaughter of grass-fed and “free range” animals, and the absence of any nutritional need for animal products in our diet, my energy was wasted. Ultimately, it was the Irishman’s concern for the environment, combined with his predilection for numbers, that altered his dietary choices. Recently my friend composed an essay for an anthology I was putting together, about animal advocacy and environmentalism and the search for common ground. In the process, he applied his math and science skills to calculate the ratio of the mass of wild birds to the ratio of the mass of chickens in the U.K.—1:104. His horror was palpable despite his wry response: “For every ten grams of wild bird, somewhere out there (and close) lies a full kilo of chicken.”

scholarly journals Use of health care among febrile children from urban poor households in Senegal: does the neighbourhood have an impact?

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1307-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Karna Kone ◽  
Richard Lalou ◽  
Martine Audibert ◽  
Hervé Lafarge ◽  
Stéphanie Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Use Of Health Care
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document