scholarly journals Effect of Woody Biomass Gasification Process Conditions on the Composition of the Producer Gas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11763
Author(s):  
Alejandro Lyons Cerón ◽  
Alar Konist ◽  
Heidi Lees ◽  
Oliver Järvik
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Drop Tube ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Gasification Temperature

Using woody biomass in thermochemical gasification can be a viable alternative for producing renewable energy. The type of biomass and the process parameters influence the producer gas composition and quality. This paper presents research on the composition of the producer gas from the gasification of three woody biomass species: spruce, alder, and pine. The experiments were conducted in a drop-tube reactor at temperatures of 750, 850, and 950 °C, using air as the gasifying agent, with equivalence ratios of 0.38 and 0.19. Gas chromatography with a thermal conductivity detector was used to determine the composition of the producer gas, while the production of total organic compounds was detected using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. All three wood species exhibited very similar producer gas composition. The highest concentration of combustible gases was recorded at 950 °C, with an average of 4.1, 20.5, and 4.6 vol% for H2, CO, and CH4, respectively, and a LHV ranging from 4.3–5.1 MJ/m3. The results were in accordance with other gasification studies of woody species. Higher temperatures enhanced the composition of the producer gas by promoting endothermic and exothermic gasification reactions, increasing gas production while lowering solid and tar yields. The highest concentrations of combustible gases were observed with an equivalence ratio of 0.38. Continuous TOC measurement allowed understanding the evolution of the gasification process and the relation between a higher production of TOC and CO as the gasification temperature raised.

scholarly journals Effect of Gasification Temperature on Synthesis Gas Production and Gasification Performance for Raw and Torrefied Palm Mesocarp Fibre

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Najwa Hayati Abdul Halim ◽  
Suriyati Saleh ◽  
Noor Asma Fazli Abdul Samad
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Bubbling Fluidized Bed ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Solid Biomass ◽  
Gasification Temperature

Biomass gasification is widely used for converting solid biomass into synthesis gas for energy applications. Raw biomass is commonly used as feedstock for the gasification process but it usually contains high moisture content and low energy value which lowering synthesis gas production. Thus, torrefaction as a pre-treatment process is necessary in order to upgrade the properties of feedstock for producing more synthesis gas production and improving gasification performance. The objective of this work is to study the effect of gasification temperature on the synthesis gas production and gasification performance using raw and torrefied palm mesocarp fibre (PMF). The gasification process is conducted using bubbling fluidized bed using steam as gasifying agent. Based on experimental work, by increasing gasification temperature from 650 – 900 °C, the compositions of hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases were enhanced greatly while carbon dioxide and methane gases were decreased for both raw and torrefied PMF. In terms of gasification performance, synthesis gas yield for raw and torrefied PMF is increased from 0.91 to 1.23 Nm3/kg and 1.10 to 1.35 Nm3/kg respectively. Besides, lower heating value (LHV) of torrefied PMF is 0.04 MJ/Nm3 higher than raw PMF at 900 °C. The result showed that the percentage of cold gas efficiency (CGE) reached maximum of 67% for raw PMF while carbon conversion (CC) at 85.6% for torrefied PMF at a gasification temperature of 900 °C. The higher CC obtained by torrefied PMF is because of the increment of carbon content from 45.2% to 53.7% as a result of torrefaction. Gasification temperature of 800 °C showed the best performance of the PMF gasification since the maximum performances of LHV is achieved and started to decrease once the gasification temperature is operated beyond 800 °C.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Literature Review of Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass for Syngas Production and Associated Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-512
Author(s):  
Ghulamullah Maitlo ◽  
Rasool Bux Mahar ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti ◽  
Imran Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Gaseous Product ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Gasification Process

The interest in the thermochemical conversion of biomass for producer gas production since last decade has increased because of the growing attention to the application of sustainable energy resources. Application of biomass resources is a valid alternative to fossil fuels as it is a renewable energy source. The valuable gaseous product obtained through thermochemical conversion of organic material is syngas, whereas the solid product obtained is char. This review deals with the state of the art of biomass gasification technologies and the quality of syngas gathered through the application of different gasifiers along with the effect of different operating parameters on the quality of producer gas. Main steps in gasification process including drying, oxidation, pyrolysis and reduction effects on syngas production and quality are presented in this review. An overview of various types of gasifiers used in lignocellulosic biomass gasification processes, fixed bed and fluidized bed and entrained flow gasifiers are discussed. The effects of various process parameters such as particle size, steam and biomass ratio, equivalence ratio, effects of temperature, pressure and gasifying agents are discussed. Depending on the priorities of several researchers, the optimum value of different anticipated productivities in the gasification process comprising better quality syngas production improved lower heating value, higher syngas production, improved cold gas efficiency, carbon conversion efficiency, production of char and tar have been reviewed.

scholarly journals Modelling and experimental analysis of a small-scale olive pomace gasifier for cogeneration applications: A techno-economic assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
João Cardoso ◽  
Valter Silva ◽  
Daniela Eusébio ◽  
Tiago Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Brito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

A 2-D numerical simulation approach was implemented to describe the gasification process of olive pomace in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The numerical model was validated under experimental gasification runs performed in a 250 kWth quasi-industrial biomass gasifier. The producer gas composition, H2/CO ratio, CH4/H2 ratio, cold gas efficiency and tar content were evaluated. The most suitable applications for the potential use of olive pomace as an energy source in Portugal were assessed based on the results. A techno-economic study and a Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the feasibility and foresee the main investment risks in conducting olive pomace gasification in small facilities. Results indicated that olive pomace gasification is more suitable for domestic purposes. The low cold gas efficiency of the process (around 20%) turns the process more appropriate for producer gas production in small cogeneration facilities. Olive pomace gasification solutions showed viable economic performance in small cogeneration solutions for agriculture waste-to-energy recovery in olive oil agriculture cooperatives. However, the slender profitability may turn the project unattractive for most investors from a financial standpoint.

scholarly journals Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production by Cogasification of Coal and Biomass in an Intermittent Fluidized Bed

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Qun Wang ◽  
Zhao-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Weak Influence ◽  
Gasification Temperature

This paper presents the experimental results of cogasification of coal and biomass in an intermittent fluidized bed reactor, aiming to investigate the influences of operation parameters such as gasification temperature (T), steam to biomass mass ratio (SBMR), and biomass to coal mass ratio (BCMR) on hydrogen-rich (H2-rich) gas production. The results show that H2-rich gas free of N2dilution is produced and the H2yield is in the range of 18.25~68.13 g/kg. The increases of T, SBMR, and BCMR are all favorable for promoting the H2production. Higher temperature contributes to higher CO and H2contents, as well as H2yield. The BCMR has a weak influence on gas composition, but the yield and content of H2increase with BCMR, reaching a peak at the BCMR of 4. The H2content and yield in the product gas increase with SBMR, whilst the content of CO increases first and then decreases correspondingly. At a typical case, the relative linear sensitivity coefficients of H2production efficiency to T, SBMR, and BCMR were calculated. The results reveal that the order of the influence of the operation parameters on H2production efficiency is T > SBMR > BCMR.

scholarly journals Effect of Blending Ratio on Quality of Producer Gas From Co-Gasification of Wood and Coconut Residual

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 05005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muddasser Inayat ◽  
Shaharin A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Biomass Supply ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Coconut Shells

Biomass gasification often encounters the shortage of biomass supply for continuous operation. Co-gasification of different biomass materials is a promising solution that can address the shortage of biomass supply for the continuous gasification process. However, the effectiveness of co-gasification is not well understood. Furthermore, there is nearly no reported work of co-gasification of two or more biomass materials. In this study, two Malaysian local biomass materials, wood residual and coconut shells were co-gasified in a 33.6 kW thermal capacity downdraft gasifier to investigate the effect of blending ratio the on quality of the producer gas. The results show that producer gas composition increased as coconut shells proportion increased in blends of up to 60%. A blend of 40:60 W/CS results in a synergetic effect as compared to discrete gasification of both feedstock. The maximum H2 and CO were obtained as; 11.46 vol.% and 23.99 vol.% respectively at 40:60 W/CS blending ratio. The results achieved from 40:60 W/CS blend were 16.70% and 10.96% higher as compared to pure wood gasification for H2 and CO respectively. It is concluded that coconut shells can be utilized a substitute of wood residual in form of blends or as discrete feedstock for the continuous gasification process without the change in gasifier geometry.

scholarly journals Decomposition of Tars on a Nickel Honeycomb Catalyst

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Joanna Woroszył-Wojno ◽  
Michał Młotek ◽  
Michalina Perron ◽  
Paweł Jóźwik ◽  
Bogdan Ulejczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Model Substance ◽  
Toluene Conversion ◽  
Combustible Gases

Biomass can be considered a renewable energy source. It undergoes a gasification process to obtain gaseous fuel, which converts it into combustible gaseous products such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. The process also generates undesirable tars that can condense in gas lines and cause corrosion, and after processing, can be an additional source of combustible gases. This study focused on the processing of tar substances with toluene as a model substance. The effect of discharge power and carrier gas composition on toluene conversion was tested. The process was conducted in a plasma-catalytic system with a new Ni3Al system in the form of a honeycomb. The toluene conversion reached 90%, and small amounts of ethane, ethylene, acetylene, benzene, and C3 and C4 hydrocarbons were detected in the post-reaction mixture. Changes in the surface composition of the Ni3Al catalyst were observed throughout the experiments. These changes did not affect the toluene conversion.

Gasification Characteristics of MSW RDF

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2174-2178
Author(s):  
Fei Hua Yang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Chun Ping Li ◽  
Jia Yu Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Gasification Temperature

A series of gasification experiments of MSW RDF was made by using independently developed gasification device. When MSW RDF gasified at 200°C ~900°C, the trend of instantaneous gas production was increased, decreased, then increased rapidly after downward, 2 peak of instantaneous gas production were 500°C and 800 °C. When the gasification temperature is below 400 °C, except for CO, the content of various combustible gases are rarely. With the increase of the gasification temperature, bottom ash content decreased, but tar yield and volume percentage content and calorific value of the combustible gas increased gradually. when the gasification temperature reached 900°C, the calorific value of combustible gas reaches the highest, 28MJ/m3, bottom ash reaches the lowest, only 12%. Tar reached the highest value at 600 °C ~700 °C, about 40%.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of power generation by wood and woody biomass gasification in a downdraft gasifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Sahar Safarian ◽  
Runar Unnthorsson ◽  
Christiaan Richter
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gasification Temperature

An equilibrium simulation model was developed by applying Aspen Plus to evaluate the performance of 28 wood and woody biomass (W&WB) gasification in a downdraft gasifier integrated with power production unit. The developed simulation model does not focus the gasification process as a closed box, it considers important processes in gasification like drying, pyrolysis, combustion, gasification and integrated with power production plant (combustion chamber plus gas turbine). The results for the 28 W&WB alternatives show that the net power produced from 1-ton feedstock entering to the gasification system is between the interval [0-400 kW/ton] and among them, gasification system derived from Tamarack bark biomass significantly outranks all other systems by producing 363 kW/ton, owing to the favorable results obtained in the performance analysis. Moreover, effect of various operating parameters such as gasification temperature and air to fuel ratio (AFR) on the system performance was carried out. Finally, the developed model is applied as an effective tool to assess the impact of so many biomasses and operating parameters on output power.

scholarly journals The influence of the conversion medium stream on the gasification process of olive pits

2019 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 02045
Author(s):  
Danuta Król ◽  
Sławomir Poskrobko
Keyword(s):  
Air Flow ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Generator Gas

The paper presents the results of research on gasification of olive pits and production of a generator gas with calorific value enabling its combustion in microturbines. Gasification was carried out in a laboratory gasification reactor, where the converting factor was air. The influence of the flow rate of its stream on the composition of the generator gas was investigated. The research involved searching for optimal process conditions for gasification of this biomass, to obtain a generator gas with an increased CH4 content (methane is the most calorific component).The air flow in subsequent tests was 0.5m3/h, 0.85m3 /h, 1.1m3/h,. 1.4m3/h 1.7m3/h. The quantitative composition of the generated generator gases differed. These conditions were obtained with an air flow of 1.4m3/h, in a tubular reactor, at the bed temperature T3= 456–462oC. A gas was obtained, with a calorific value of 9.2MJ/m3, characteristic for the following gas composition: H2=3.88%, CO=18.52%, CO2=6.27%, CH4=16.02%, O2=1.28%.

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