Principles of Imitation for the Loading of the Test Bench for Gas Turbines of Gas Pumping Units, Adequate to Real Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13678
Author(s):  
Anton Petrochenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Romodin ◽  
Vladimir Kazantsev ◽  
Aleksey Sal’nikov ◽  
Sergey Bochkarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Pumping Units

The purpose of the study is to analyze the prospects for the development of loading methods for gas turbines as well as to develop a mathematical model that adequately describes the real operating conditions of the loading system at various loads and rotation speeds. A comparative analysis of the most common methods and technical means of loading the shafts of a free turbine at gas turbine plants intended for operation as part of gas pumping units is presented. Based on the results of the analysis, the expediency of using the loading model “Free Power Turbine Rotor–Hydraulic Brake” as a load simulation is shown. Recommendations for the creation of an automation system for the load testing of power plants have been developed. Mathematical models and Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation models of power plants have been developed and tested. One of the most important factors that predetermine the effectiveness of the loading principle is the possibility of software implementation of the loading means using software control systems that provide the specified loading parameters of the gas turbine.

Experience With Large Heavy-Duty Gas Turbine Rotors

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. R. Schmoch ◽  
B. Deblon
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Turbine Rotors ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
Response To Temperature

The peripheral speeds of the rotors of large heavy-duty gas turbines have reached levels which place extremely high demands on material strength properties. The particular requirements of gas turbine rotors, as a result of the cycle, operating conditions and the ensuing overall concepts, have led different gas turbine manufacturers to produce special structural designs to resolve these problems. In this connection, a report is given here on a gas turbine rotor consisting of separate discs which are held together by a center bolt and mutually centered by radial serrations in a manner permitting expansion and contraction in response to temperature changges. In particular, the experience gained in the manufacture, operation and servicing are discussed.

scholarly journals SPE “Mashproekt” Gas Turbine Engines for Gas Pumping Sets

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor I. Romanov ◽  
Vladimir V. Lupandin ◽  
Anatoliy V. Kovalenko ◽  
Anatoliy I. Shelestyuk
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Gas Pumping Unit ◽  
Pumping Units ◽  
Gas Loop

The paper describes the experience gained in designing, developing and operation of gas turbine engines for gas pumping units on the marine gas turbine engine’s base. More than 800 Mashproekt gas turbines of various power output have been in service in gas pumping application since 1980. This paper shows the SPE Mashproekt designing and developing approach for gas turbines to be installed in gas pumping units along with their full-scale testing in the test bed of close gas loop type equipped with gas compressor and gas coolers to simulate operation of the gas pumping unit in the real gas pipeline conditions. The gas turbines for gas pumping application on the 2.5 MW, 6 MW, 10 MW, 16 MW and 25 MW engines base were developed in the period of 1990–1995 for replacement of the existing old gas turbine line-up and installation in the new gas pumping units at the compressor stations in Russia and Ukraine. We are replacing engines with Mashproekt gas turbines at the following gas pumping units: Russian GTN-25, Ukrainian GPA-6.3, GPA-16 and “Coberra-182” (Great Britain) gas pumping units. The comparison of the technical characteristics of these replacements is given in the paper. Technical data on 2.5–25 MW Mashproekt gas turbines for gas pumping units is also presented in this paper.

A Review of Gas Turbine Online Washing Systems

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike C. Mund ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Patent Search ◽  
Power Recovery

The power and efficiency of gas turbines heavily depends on the state of the compressor. Being exposed to atmospheric conditions and pollution, fouling degrades the compressor in terms of the airflow passing and efficiency. Modern online compressor washing techniques prevent a large build up of debris by injecting washing fluid upstream of the compressor. For a satisfactory power recovery, washing methods and schemes have to be carefully adapted to the engine geometry, atmospheric and operating conditions. Therefore, the achievement of a universal cleaning procedure seems to be unlikely and only few general requirements and guidelines concerning compressor washing are available. There also is a variety of different washing systems in existence. These are either provided by the gas turbine manufacturer along with the gas turbine itself or designed by system suppliers as a retrofit for gas turbines of all makes. Based on a literature review and a patent search, a historical review of online washing systems was carried out. Different approaches and cleaning philosophies became apparent. The main influencing factors for the design of washing systems were summarized and basic categories of systems were elaborated to characterize the state-of-the-art in compressor washing equipment. A survey of installations and washing procedures used by European power plants and recommendations by major gas turbine manufacturers and system suppliers for retrofits complemented the existing data sets from the literature. The field data supported the introduced categories for online washing systems. In particular, the air/fluid ratio was shown to be a significant parameter to describe a washing system.

Investigations of a Syngas-Fired Gas Turbine Model Combustor by Planar Laser Techniques

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tsurikov ◽  
Wolfgang Meier ◽  
Klaus-Peter Geigle
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Combustion Behavior ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Planar Laser ◽  
Integrated Gasification

In order to investigate the combustion behavior of gas turbine flames fired with low-caloric syngases, a model combustor with good optical access for confined, non-premixed swirl flames was developed. The measuring techniques applied were particle image velocimetry, OH* chemiluminescence detection and laser-induced fluorescence of OH. Two different fuel compositions of H2, CO, N2 and CH4, with similar laminar burning velocities, were chosen. Their combustion behavior was studied at two different pressures, two thermal loads and two combustion air temperatures. The overall lean flames (equivalence ratio 0.5) burned very stably and their shapes and combustion behavior were hardly influenced by the fuel composition or by the different operating conditions. The experimental results constitute a data-base that will be used for the validation of numerical combustion models and form a part of a co-operative EC project aiming at the development of highly efficient gas turbines for IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) power plants.

scholarly journals CFD Modeling of Syngas Combustion and Emissions for Marine Gas Turbine Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Ammar ◽  
Ahmed I. Farag
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Gas Fuel

Abstract Strong restrictions on emissions from marine power plants will probably be adopted in the near future. One of the measures which can be considered to reduce exhaust gases emissions is the use of alternative fuels. Synthesis gases are considered competitive renewable gaseous fuels which can be used in marine gas turbines for both propulsion and electric power generation on ships. The paper analyses combustion and emission characteristics of syngas fuel in marine gas turbines. Syngas fuel is burned in a gas turbine can combustor. The gas turbine can combustor with swirl is designed to burn the fuel efficiently and reduce the emissions. The analysis is performed numerically using the computational fluid dynamics code ANSYS FLUENT. Different operating conditions are considered within the numerical runs. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental data and satisfactory agreement is obtained. The effect of syngas fuel composition and the swirl number values on temperature contours, and exhaust gas species concentrations are presented in this paper. The results show an increase of peak flame temperature for the syngas compared to natural gas fuel combustion at the same operating conditions while the NO emission becomes lower. In addition, lower CO2 emissions and increased CO emissions at the combustor exit are obtained for the syngas, compared to the natural gas fuel.

scholarly journals The Use of Air Turbine Heat Recovery Units for the Mod-ernization of Gas Pumping Units with Gas Turbine Drive

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Manushin ◽  
A.I. Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Pumping Units ◽  
Regenerative Cycle

One of the urgent tasks of further developing natural gas transportation systems is the need to increase fuel efficiency and to improve environmental performance of the gas turbine units (GTU) that are used to drive superchargers of gas pumping units. Outdated GTUs with low efficiency are being replaced by units of a new generation, including those of the regenerative cycle. However, this requires significant capital expenditures, thus, the possibilities of upgrading the existing units are also being investigated. A significant proportion of the energy generated by the gas combusted in driven GTUs is lost in the form of heat of the exhaust combustion products. These gases have a temperature not lower than 670 K. To utilize the heat of the exhaust combustion products, it is proposed to compliment the main GTU by an air turbine heat recovery unit (ATU) that is simple in design and inexpensive in production. This well-known idea has not yet been realized in practice, thus there are no recommendations on the use of a GTU-ATU as a drive for natural gas superchargers. It is shown that to ensure the possibility of upgrading drive gas turbines at a minimum cost, it is advisable to use an ATU that is kinematically independent of the GTU. The ATU’s power is used to cover the own needs of the compressor station and other purposes. The calculations show that under equal conditions, the combined GTU-ATU is inferior in efficiency to the GTU of the regenerative cycle. However, it provides a much smoother flow of the efficiency parameter depending on the operation mode, which is important for gas pumping units. The potential of using the ATU for the modernization of drive GTUs is estimated. It is noted that in addition to generating additional power, the use of ATU’s can decrease the flue gas temperature and the mass concentration of harmful emissions.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Fault Detection Methods for Gas Turbine Combustion Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Jinfu Liu ◽  
Zhenhua Long ◽  
Mingliang Bai ◽  
Linhai Zhu ◽  
Daren Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion

As one of the core components of gas turbines, the combustion system operates in a high-temperature and high-pressure adverse environment, which makes it extremely prone to faults and catastrophic accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the combustion system to detect in a timely way whether its performance has deteriorated, to improve the safety and economy of gas turbine operation. However, the combustor outlet temperature is so high that conventional sensors cannot work in such a harsh environment for a long time. In practical application, temperature thermocouples distributed at the turbine outlet are used to monitor the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) to indirectly monitor the performance of the combustion system, but, the EGT is not only affected by faults but also influenced by many interference factors, such as ambient conditions, operating conditions, rotation and mixing of uneven hot gas, performance degradation of compressor, etc., which will reduce the sensitivity and reliability of fault detection. For this reason, many scholars have devoted themselves to the research of combustion system fault detection and proposed many excellent methods. However, few studies have compared these methods. This paper will introduce the main methods of combustion system fault detection and select current mainstream methods for analysis. And a circumferential temperature distribution model of gas turbine is established to simulate the EGT profile when a fault is coupled with interference factors, then use the simulation data to compare the detection results of selected methods. Besides, the comparison results are verified by the actual operation data of a gas turbine. Finally, through comparative research and mechanism analysis, the study points out a more suitable method for gas turbine combustion system fault detection and proposes possible development directions.

Research on Matching Characteristics of Ship-Engine-Propeller of COGAG

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhitao Wang ◽  
Jiayi Ma ◽  
Haichao Yu ◽  
Tielei Li
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Modular Modeling ◽  
Steady State Operation ◽  
Pitch Ratio ◽  
Main Engine

Abstract The combined gas turbine and gas turbine power propulsion device (COGAG power propulsion device) is an advanced combined power system, which uses multiple gas turbines as the main engine to drive propellers to propel the ship. COGAG power propulsion device has high power density, excellent stability and maneuverability, it receives more and more attention in the field of ship power at home and abroad. This article takes the COGAG power propulsion device as the research object, uses simulation methods to study its steady-state operating characteristics, and conducts a ship-engine-propeller optimization matching analysis based on economy and maneuverability. The research work carried out in this article is as follows. Firstly, according to the structural relationship between the various components and the system thermal cycle mode of the COGAG power propulsion device, establish the controller, main engine, gear box, clutch, shafting, propeller, ship and other components and simulation models of the system with the modular modeling idea. Secondly, divide the gears according to ship speed. For the four working modes of single-gas turbine with load, dual-gas turbine with load, three-gas turbine with load, and four-gas turbine with load, analysis the ship-engine-propeller optimization matching of the COGAG power propulsion device based on economy and maneuverability, and calculate the best shaft speed and propeller pitch ratio in each gear, so as to obtain the steady-state operation characteristics of the COGAG power propulsion device based on the ship-engine-propeller matching, which provides a basis for determining the target parameters of the dynamic process.

scholarly journals Clear Skies Ahead

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (06) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Boom And Bust

This article discusses various fields where gas turbines can play a vital role. Building engines for commercial jetliners is the largest market segment for the gas turbine industry; however, it is far from being the only one. One 2015 military gas turbine program of note was the announcement of an U.S. Air Force competition for an innovative design of a small turbine engine, suitable for a medium-size drone aircraft. The electrical power gas turbine market experienced a sharp boom and bust from 2000 to 2002 because of the deregulation of many electric utilities. Since then, however, the electric power gas turbine market has shown a steady increase, right up to present times. Coal-fired plants now supply less than 5 percent of the electrical load, having been largely replaced by new natural gas-fired gas turbine power plants. Working in tandem with renewable energy power facilities, the new fleet of gas turbines is expected to provide reliable, on-demand electrical power at a reasonable cost.

Assessment of the Potential of Combined Micro Gas Turbine and High Temperature Fuel Cell Systems

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Bohn ◽  
Nathalie Po¨ppe ◽  
Joachim Lepers
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Technological Assessment

The present paper reports a detailed technological assessment of two concepts of integrated micro gas turbine and high temperature (SOFC) fuel cell systems. The first concept is the coupling of micro gas turbines and fuel cells with heat exchangers, maximising availability of each component by the option for easy stand-alone operation. The second concept considers a direct coupling of both components and a pressurised operation of the fuel cell, yielding additional efficiency augmentation. Based on state-of-the-art technology of micro gas turbines and solid oxide fuel cells, the paper analyses effects of advanced cycle parameters based on future material improvements on the performance of 300–400 kW combined micro gas turbine and fuel cell power plants. Results show a major potential for future increase of net efficiencies of such power plants utilising advanced materials yet to be developed. For small sized plants under consideration, potential net efficiencies around 70% were determined. This implies possible power-to-heat-ratios around 9.1 being a basis for efficient utilisation of this technology in decentralised CHP applications.

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