scholarly journals Application of the DEMATEL Model for Assessing IT Sector’s Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13866
Author(s):  
Kęstutis Peleckis
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Competitive Situation ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Economical Performance

Understanding what are the IT sector’s business opportunities under distorted market conditions is a growing interest in sustainability research. This article investigates how to assess the IT sectors sustainability through a multicriterion assessment. For the assessment of the IT sector’s European and Slovenian competition policy, the DEMATEL technique was chosen. Fifteen economical performance indicators of IT sectors companies in 2015–2019 were selected for analysis. Given the multiplicity of criteria addressed in the sustainability issues, a multi-criteria analysis was used with the assistance of experts. In this research, the DEMATEL technique was developed for problem solving, for the assessment of the concentration of business entities that affect the competitive situation of economy. Results showed that comparison of the DEMATEL method with fuzzy and probability theories proved that it is possible to measure IT sector’s HHI-based performance.

The Efficiency Of Higher Education Institutions: Evaluation And Management Of Managers

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesia Tomchuk ◽  
Viktoriia Tserklevych ◽  
Olena Hurman ◽  
Valentin Petrenko ◽  
Kateryna Chymosh
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Key Performance Indicators ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
The University

The article discusses the potential opportunities for leaders of higher education to monitor and implement development management functions using a system of key performance indicators, which is often used by various business entities. The authors adapted it to the needs of higher education institutions, integrating them with their characteristics.The formation of a system of key performance indicators in the article is disclosed from the point of view of improving the management system and motivation of the management and teaching staff of higher education. Approbation of the proposed methodology was implemented in the Institution of Higher Education, where it showed its effectiveness. The new system allowed the university professors to influence directly on the bonus part of income through their own work and efficiency.

Comparative Analysis of Major Issues Involved in IPR and Competition Policy

2013 ◽  
pp. 172-185
Author(s):  
Nisha Dhanraj ◽  
Mamta Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Economic Rationale ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Restrictive Trade ◽  
Competition Laws

As IPR and competition laws share the same economic rationale, they both are crucial for the establishment of competitive and innovative market conditions. On the other hand, these two regimes are conflicting to each other, IP grants monopoly, whereas competition laws seek to undo monopolistic and restrictive trade practices. Therefore, focus has been shifted towards how these two separate regimes are complementary and conflicting to each other through their goals, how competition policy is effective on IPRs, and IPRs on competition policy. IPRs granted by patents, copyrights, and trademarks, etc. play an important role in fostering innovation and sustaining economic growth.

Interactions Between Formal and Informal Organizational Networks

2009 ◽  
pp. 480-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Lamieri ◽  
Diana Mangalagiu
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Stable Process ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Variable Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of

In this chapter we present a model of organization aimed to understand the effect of formal and informal structures on the organization’s performance. The model considers the interplay between the formal hierarchical structure and the social network connecting informally the agents emerging while the organization performs a task-set. The social network creation and evolution is endogenous, as it doesn’t include any function supposed to optimize performance. After a review of the literature, we propose a definition of performance based on the efficiency in allocating the task of a simulated organization that can be considered as a network-based problem-solving system. We analyze how the emergence of a stable process in decomposing tasks under different market conditions can alleviate the rigidity and the inefficiencies of a hierarchical structure and we compare the performance of different hierarchical structures under variable environment conditions.

Solvable problems or problematic solvability? Problem conceptualization in transdisciplinary sustainability research and a possible epistemological contribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Esther Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
French Philosophy ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Solvability Problem ◽  
Solvable Problems

Problems are a major focal point in transdisciplinary sustainability research (TSR). As a text analysis shows, the term “problem” is most commonly used in the context of analyzing research processes that are directed towards societal problem-solving. At the same time, these findings imply that TSR does not follow the idea that problems are solvable. Instead, TSR should transgress the general tension between the solution imperative and the insolvability of complex problems by rather tackling each problem as situated and specific.Problem orientation plays a significant role in emerging transdisciplinary sustainability research (TSR), where the assumption of solvability resonates with the term “problem” yet is not questioned from a sustainability perspective. This paper questions the meaning of “problems” in and for TSR from a discourse studies perspective. The results of a collocation and concordance analysis of the term “problem(s)” in GAIA articles show that sustainability-oriented problem-solving is explicated normatively as a key research goal. In the analyzed articles, emphasis is put on how to proceed towards this goal through research process analysis. This paper begins by analyzing the meaning of “problems” before seeking to orientate TSR in terms of how knowledge could be conceptualized. This is supported by the epistemological concept of the problematic, which originates from 20th century French philosophy. It proves helpful to discuss how TSR can be epistemologically grasped, and thereby strengthened in its transformative potential.

scholarly journals PROFIT IMPROVEMENT OF MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Артем Геворкян ◽  
Ольга Євдокимова
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Management Company ◽  
Financial Position

The paper deals with the management of the enterprise profit. It is shown that profit is an important monetary evaluation of production and financial activities of the enterprise, showing the efficiency of the enterprise. It is one of the key performance indicators and enterprise development, improvement of the material base of the company and its products. The role of profits in the company's development in today's market conditions. The analysis of approaches to the management of a profit. Analyzed profit management company. Defined workflow for the management of the distribution and use of the company's profit. Revealed the necessary conditions of good governance and improve the profit management process of the company. Proposed measures to improve the structure of the target the use of business profits, which will improve the financial position of the company and increase its efficiency.

scholarly journals INSTRUMENTAL MECHANISM OF FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE’S COMPETITIVE POLICY

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
T. I. Shvydka
Keyword(s):  
Competition Policy ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Market Infrastructure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article is devoted to the consideration of the essence of competition policy through the definition of its directions, functional purpose and instrumental support. The author identified the need for the relationship of competition policy with other areas of state economic policy. The author determines that the main directions of state competition policy should be not only protecting economic competition, but also encouraging the creation of a competitive environment by creating an attractive investment climate, especially for a foreign investor, developing market infrastructure, supporting innovation, and increasing the competitiveness of the national economy. The effectiveness of competition policy in Ukraine can be achieved only with the use of effective implementation tools, through the definition of clear goals and objectives that will be implemented by anti-monopoly authorities. Directions of antitrust policy may have prohibitions and preventive norms. The legislation provides for certain prohibitions (abuse of a monopoly position, anticompetitive concerted actions of business entities, etc.) and preventive mechanisms providing for permittingprocedures (obtaining permission forconcentration and concerted actions of business entities while observing the standardsestablished by law). The application of competition law in essence requires a daily choice between a ban and a permit. In this case, thepermit may be due to the absence of restrictions on competition, or the lack of awareness of entities in the need to obtain one or anotherpermit, which leads to competitive offenses on the part of economic entities. An important point is the need to develop and implement forms of competitive policy implementation through the adoption ofdevelopment concepts and programs, taking into account the differentiated approach of means to ensure and protect economic competitiondepending on the competitive internal structure of markets, the pressure of external competitors, market entry barriers and theavailability of domestic investment resources.

scholarly journals Integrating performance measurement, system dynamics, and problem-solving methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-961
Author(s):  
Dian Prama Irfani ◽  
Dermawan Wibisono ◽  
Mursyid Hasan Basri
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Improvement Plan ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
Transport Logistics

Purpose Transport logistics systems in companies with additional public service roles are complex and could benefit from new approaches to performance management. Existing approaches tend to be fragmented; thus, the purpose of this paper is to integrate balanced performance measures, a dynamics model, and the problem-solving method into a new model. Design/methodology/approach An integrated framework is developed by reviewing literature and synthesising attributes of performance measurement systems, system dynamics and problem-solving methods. The framework is then applied to a multiple-role company’s sea transportation system. The study uses statistical methods to identify performance indicators, management interviews with document study to develop a dynamics model, and simulation methods to formulate an improvement plan. Findings The performance measurement design stage allowed for the identification of balanced, aligned performance indicators, while the system dynamics model illuminated the impact of the system components’ interrelationships on performance output. The problem-solving method allowed for analysis of system performance, identification of constraints and formulation of a performance improvement plan. Practical implications This framework can help transport logistics system stakeholders in multiple-role companies avoid silo thinking, misaligned performance objectives, local optima and short-term solutions. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing body of research by introducing a novel framework integrating performance measurement, system dynamics and the problem-solving method. It also addresses a theoretical gap by showing how interconnecting components of sea transportation systems affect transport logistics performance.

14. Horizontal agreements (2): oligopoly, tacit collusion and collective dominance

2021 ◽  
pp. 588-612
Author(s):  
Richard Whish ◽  
David Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Tacit Collusion ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Concerted Practice ◽  
Collective Dominance

Oligopoly exists where a few firms between them supply all or most of the goods or services on a market without any of them having a clear ascendancy over the others. The purpose of this chapter is to examine whether oligopoly presents a particular problem for competition policy and, if so, how that problem should be overcome. The chapter discusses the theory of oligopolistic interdependence and how oligopolies can lead to a well-known problem for competition law and policy: oligopolists are able, by virtue of the characteristics of the market, to behave in a parallel manner and to derive benefits from their collective market power without, or without necessarily, entering into an agreement or concerted practice of the kind generally prohibited by competition law. This phenomenon is known in economics as ‘tacit collusion’ and is the result of each firm’s individual and rational response to market conditions. The chapter identifies possible ways of dealing with the ‘oligopoly problem’, before considering the extent to which Articles 101 and 102 can be used to address that problem. The chapter also discusses UK law and, in particular, the possible use of the market investigations to address market failure that may arise in oligopolies.

Excessive intervention? A review of recent excessive pricing investigations

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Bojana Ignjatovic ◽  
Paul Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Competition Policy ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Economic Risks

This article considers the implications of a number of recent cases and court judgments on excessive pricing. It first outlines the economic risks associated with antitrust interventions on excessive pricing. It then seeks to identify a narrow set of specific market conditions to which competition authorities could consider limiting their use of competition law against alleged excessive pricing. The article also highlights the practical challenges in implementing the economic and legal tests for excessive pricing. Finally, it considers whether competition policy is the most appropriate tool with which to ensure that consumers are not charged excessive prices.

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