scholarly journals Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for SWIPT in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahui Wu ◽  
Lin Xiao ◽  
Dingcheng Yang ◽  
Laurie Cuthbert ◽  
Xiaoping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Power Allocation ◽  
Null Space ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Power Splitting ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Wireless Communication Network ◽  
Input Multiple Output

In this paper, we consider a symmetric wireless communication network, i.e., each user is equipped with the same number of antennas. Specifically, this paper studies simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in a K-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cognitive radio network where the secondary users (SUs) access the same frequency band as the pre-existing primary user (PU) without generating any interference. The transceivers and power splitting ratio are designed and power allocation is considered in our system model. To guarantee the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and harvested energy requirement of the PU, its optimal transceiver and minimal transmitted power are obtained by the technique of semi-definite relaxation (SDR). We design the beamformers of the SUs using the distance between the interference subspaces at the PU and the null space of PU’s desired signal to preserve the PU from the interference caused by the SUs. We aim to maximize the sum rate of all the SUs by jointly designing power splitting ratios and allocating transmission power. Furthermore, to consider the performance fairness of SUs, we propose another approach to maximize the minimum SINR of the SUs. Finally, numerical results are given to evaluate the performance of proposed approaches.

scholarly journals Secure Beamforming in 5G-Based Cognitive Radio Network

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1260
Author(s):  
Hyils Sharon Magdalene Antony ◽  
Thulasimani Lakshmanan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Cognitive Radio Network ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Radio Network ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
The Impact

Cognitive radio network (CRN) and non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) is a significant system in the 5G wireless communication system. However, the system is an exceptional way for the cognitive users to secure a communication from the interferences in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-NOMA-based cognitive radio network. In this article, a new beamforming technique is proposed to secure an information exchange within the same cells and neighboring cells from all intervened users. The interference is caused by an imperfect spectrum sensing of the secondary users (SUs). The SUs are intended to access the primary channels. At the same time, the primary user also returns to the channel before the SUs access ends. This similar way of accessing the primary channel will cause interference between the users. Thus, we predicted that the impact of interferences would be greatly reduced by the proposed technique, and that the proposed technique would maximize the entire secrecy rate in the 5G-based cognitive radio network. The simulation result provides better evidence for the performance of the proposed technique.

scholarly journals Use Hierarchical Codebook to Improve the Primary User Detection in the Cognitive Radio’s Cooperative Spectrum Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Hoai Trung Tran
Keyword(s):  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Mimo Channel ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Currently, the cognitive network is receiving much attention due to the advantages it brings to users. An important method in cognitive radio networks is spectrum sensing, as it allows secondary users (SUs) to detect the existence of a primary user (PU). Information of probability of false detection or warning about the PU is sent to a fusion center (FC) by the SUs, from which the FC will decide whether or not to allow the SUs to use the PU spectrum to obtain information. The transmission of information with a high signal to noise ratio (SNR) will increase the FC's ability to detect the existence of the PU. However, researchers are currently focusing on probabilistic formulas assuming that the channel is known ideally or there is nominal channel information at the FC; moreover, one model where the FC only knows the channel correlation matrix. Furthermore, studies are still assuming this is a simple multiple input – multiple output (MIMO) channel model but do not pay much attention to the signal processing at the transmitting and receiving antennas between the SUs and the FCs. A new method introduced in this paper when combining beamforming and hierarchical codebook makes the ability to detect the existence of the PU at the FC significantly increased compared to traditional methods.

Transceiver Designs to Improve Spectrum Utilization in MIMO Interference Channels

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Le Ty Khanh ◽  
Ha Hoang Kha ◽  
Nguyen Minh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Interference Channels ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Interference Level ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Mimo Interference Channels

This paper is concerned with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multi-user wireless networks in which multiple secondary users (SUs) can share the same radio spectrum with a single primary user (PU). The design problems of the transceivers in such MIMO interference channels are to find the precoding matrices at the transmitters and the receiving matrices at the receivers to minimize the mean square error (MSE) or to maximize the sum-rate of the SUs while guaranteeing the interference power at the PU receiver below an acceptable threshold. In this paper, we consider to design the transceivers using the interference alignment techniques. The objective is to align the interference at the SUs and maintain an acceptable leakage interference level from the SUs into the signal subspace of the PU receiver. Due to the nonlinearity and nonconvexity of the underlaying problems, we develop an alternating algorithm which efficiently solves a convex optimization in each iteration. The numerical results are provided to validate the performance of our algorithm.

An Adaptive Cooperative Strategy for Underlay MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks: An Opportunistic and Low-Complexity Approach

Frequenz ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mazoochi ◽  
M. A. Pourmina ◽  
H. Bakhshi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Power Allocation ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Cooperative Strategy ◽  
Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Optimal Approach

AbstractThe core aim of this work is the maximization of the achievable data rate of the secondary user pairs (SU pairs), while ensuring the QoS of primary users (PUs). All users are assumed to be equipped with multiple antennas. It is assumed that when PUs are present, the direct communications between SU pairs introduces intolerable interference to PUs and thereby SUs transmit signal using the cooperation of other SUs and avoid transmitting in the direct channel. In brief, an adaptive cooperative strategy for multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) cognitive radio networks is proposed. At the presence of PUs, the issue of joint relay selection and power allocation in Underlay MIMO Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks (U-MIMO-CCRN) is addressed. The optimal approach for determining the power allocation and the cooperating SU is proposed. Besides, the outage probability of the proposed communication protocol is further derived. Due to high complexity of the optimal approach, a low-complexity approach is further proposed and its performance is evaluated using simulations. The simulation results reveal that the performance loss due to the low-complexity approach is only about 14%, while the complexity is greatly reduced.

scholarly journals Optimal Energy-Efficient Sensing and Power Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wu ◽  
Jin-Ling Xu ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Junbo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Power Allocation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Joint Optimization ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Function Of Two Variables ◽  
Sensing Time

We consider a joint optimization of sensing parameter and power allocation for an energy-efficient cognitive radio network (CRN) in which the primary user (PU) is protected. The optimization problem to maximize the energy efficiency of CRN is formulated as a function of two variables, which are sensing time and transmit power, subject to the average interference power to the PU and the target detection probability. During the optimizing process, the quality of service parameter (the minimum rate acceptable to secondary users (SUs)) has also been taken into consideration. The optimal solutions are analyzed and an algorithm combined with fractional programming that maximizes the energy efficiency for CRN is presented. Numerical results show that the performance improvement is achieved by the joint optimization of sensing time and power allocation.

Optimal RF Beamforming for MIMO

2013 ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Javad Ahmadi-Shokouh
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Spatial Multiplexing ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Beamforming Technique

Secondary receivers in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Cognitive Radio (CR) networks combat interference from primary transmitters while equipped with whitening filters. However, when the MIMO secondary users are employing Radio Frequency (RF) beam-forming networks at the transmitter/receiver front ends to improve the MIMO transmission performance, the whitening filters cannot perform interference cancellation. In this chapter, transmit/receive optimum RF beamforming is proposed for a MIMO spatial multiplexing system. The performance of the optimally designed RF beamforming technique is evaluated over a Rician channel via computer simulations. Simulation results are assessed for different RF beamforming structures and the number of primary transmitters causing interference on the secondary receiver.

scholarly journals Unification of Broadband and Broadcast Mobile Services using Cognitive Radio

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
V. Annapoorani ◽  
S. Sureshkumar ◽  
Srisaravanapathimurugesan ◽  
M. Manoj ◽  
K. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Overall Performance

The networks in future generation uses the confluence of multi-media, broadband, and broadcast services, Cognitive Radio (CR) networks are located as a preferred paradigm to bring up with spectrum functionality traumatic conditions. CRS addresses the ones troubles via dynamic spectrum access. However, the precept traumatic conditions faced through manner of manner of the CR pertain to accomplishing spectrum overall performance. At the end, spectrum overall performance improvement models based on spectrum sensing and sharing models have attracted quite a few research hobby in modern-day years, which incorporates CR mastering models, network densification architectures, and Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and beamforming techniques. This paper deals with a survey of modern CR spectrum overall improvement performance models and techniques which helps ultra-high reliability with low latency communications which might be resilient to surges in web page site visitors and competition for spectrum. These models and techniques, mainly speaks about permit a big form of functionality beginning from extra superb mobiliary broadband to large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) type communications. It also provides a research correlation for many of the regular periods of a spectrum block, as well as the realistic statistics rate, the models which are used in this paper are applicable in an ultra-high frequency band. This study provides a super compare of CRs and direction for future investigations into newly identified 5G research areas, such as in business enterprise and academia.

scholarly journals 5G cognitive radio system design with new algorithm asynchronous spectrum sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2046-2054
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mehdi Saleh ◽  
Ahmed A. Abbas ◽  
Ahmed Hammoodi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Energy Detection ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Time Required

Due to the rapid increase in wireless applications and the number of users, spectrum scarcity, energy consumption and latency issues will emerge, notably in the fifth generation (5G) system. Cognitive radio (CR) has emerged as the primary technology to address these challenges, allowing opportunist spectrum access as well as the ability to analyze, observe, and learn how to respond to environmental 5G conditions. The CR has the ability to sense the spectrum and detect empty bands in order to use underutilized frequency bands without causing unwanted interference with legacy networks. In this paper, we presented a spectrum sensing algorithm based on energy detection that allows secondary user SU to transmit asynchronously with primary user PU without causing harmful interference. This algorithm reduced the sensing time required to scan the whole frequency band by dividing it into n sub-bands that are all scanned at the same time. Also, this algorithm allows cognitive radio networks (CRN) nodes to select their operating band without requiring cooperation with licensed users. According to the BER, secondary users have better performance compared with primary users.

Deep Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Utilizing Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahil Sarikhani ◽  
Farshid Keynia
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Recurrent Neural Network ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Spectrum Holes

Abstract Cognitive Radio (CR) network was introduced as a promising approach in utilizing spectrum holes. Spectrum sensing is the first stage of this utilization which could be improved using cooperation, namely Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS), where some Secondary Users (SUs) collaborate to detect the existence of the Primary User (PU). In this paper, to improve the accuracy of detection Deep Learning (DL) is used. In order to make it more practical, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is used since there are some memory in the channel and the state of the PUs in the network. Hence, the proposed RNN is compared with the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and it represents useful advantages to the contrast one, which is demonstrated by simulation.

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