scholarly journals Recommendations with a Nudge

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Karlsen ◽  
Anders Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Digital Nudging ◽  
And Behavior

In areas such as health, environment, and energy consumption, there is a need to do better. A common goal in society is to get people to behave in ways that are sustainable for the environment or support a healthier lifestyle. Nudging is a term known from economics and political theory, for influencing decisions and behavior using suggestions, positive reinforcement, and other non-coercive means. With the extensive use of digital devices, nudging within a digital environment (known as digital nudging) has great potential. We introduce smart nudging, where the guidance of user behavior is presented through digital nudges tailored to be relevant to the current situation of each individual user. The ethics of smart nudging and the transparency of nudging is also discussed. We see a smart nudge as a recommendation to the user, followed by information that both motivates and helps the user choose the suggested behavior. This paper describes such nudgy recommendations, the design of a smart nudge, and an architecture for a smart nudging system. We compare smart nudging to traditional models for recommender systems, and we describe and discuss tools (or approaches) for nudge design. We discuss the challenges of designing personalized smart nudges that evolve and adapt according to the user’s reactions to the previous nudging and possible behavioral change of the user.

Digital Pollution and Its Impact on the Family and Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2098555
Author(s):  
Shiv Ratan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Potential Negative Effect ◽  
Human Attitude ◽  
Impact On Family ◽  
And Behavior

The present study was an attempt to identify the most prevailing means of digital devices and its impact as digital pollution on family and social interactions. Despite the obvious benefits of digital devices, in recent years researchers have taken more concern about its potential negative effect on human attitude and behavior, which in turn affects our society. A total of 613 usable responses were collected from Bangalore, India of excessive users of digital devices, such as a smartphone, computer/laptop, and television. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0, AMOS 23.0, and SmartPLS 3.0. The results indicated that as the use of smartphone and computer/laptop increases, levels of digital pollution also increase, which in turn significantly triggers unfavorable impact on family and social interactions. The study indicated that digital pollution appears as an important predictor, which significantly affects social interaction unfavorably. The present study explored the various critical dimensions within this domain and delineated gaps in our knowledge of digital pollution. It was found that smartphones are more responsible for digital pollution among all the identified digital devices, followed by computer/laptop.

scholarly journals The Effects of Explicit and Implicit Interaction on User Experiences in a Mixed Reality Installation: The Synthetic Oracle

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergi Bermúdez i Badia ◽  
Aleksander Valjamae ◽  
Fabio Manzi ◽  
Ulysses Bernardet ◽  
Anna Mura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Reality ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
User Experiences ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Interaction Mode ◽  
Arm Motion ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Full Body

Virtual and mixed reality environments (VMRE) often imply full-body human-computer interaction scenarios. We used a public multimodal mixed reality installation, the Synthetic Oracle, and a between-groups design to study the effects of implicit (e.g., passively walking) or explicit (e.g., pointing) interaction modes on the users' emotional and engagement experiences, and we assessed it using questionnaires. Additionally, real-time arm motion data was used to categorize the user behavior and to provide interaction possibilities for the explicit interaction group. The results show that the online behavior classification corresponded well to the users' interaction mode. In addition, contrary to the explicit interaction, the engagement ratings from implicit users were positively correlated with a valence but were uncorrelated with arousal ratings. Interestingly, arousal levels were correlated with different behaviors displayed by the visitors depending on the interaction mode. Hence, this study confirms that the activity level and behavior of users modulates their experience, and that in turn, the interaction mode modulates their behavior. Thus, these results show the importance of the selected interaction mode when designing users' experiences in VMRE.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Teori Behavioristik dan Konstruktifistik dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Raden Wijaya Mojokerto

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Akhmad Pandu Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Learning Theory ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
The Road ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Desirable Behavior

Behaviorism learning theory is oriented towards results that can be measured and observed. Repetition and training used so that the desired behavior can become a habit. The expected results of the implementation of this behavioristic theory is the formation of a desired behavior. The desirable behavior gets positive reinforcement and behavior that is not appropriate awarded the negative. Evaluation or assessment based on observed behavior. In theory this learned professor was not much give a lecture, but the brief instruction is followed by examples by themselves or through simulation. The purpose of this paper is to describe the application of the theory Behavioristic and konstruktifistik in learning activities at the School of Raden Wijaya Tarbiyah Mojokerto. Behavioristic learning theory emphasizes the changes in behavior as well as a result of the interaction between stimulus and response. Learning is a process of behavioral changes as a result of the interaction between stimulus and response. A person is considered to have learned if he could show changes in behavior. Although learning theory tigkah behavior began to be abandoned century, but collaborate on this theory with cognitive learning theory and the theory of other learning is essential for creating a learning approach that is appropriate and effective, because basically there is no single theory of learning that is truly suited to creating a learning approaches and effective fit. especially with constructivism learning model. The role of the faculty in constructivist learning very demanding mastery of a broad and in-depth about the material taught. A broad and deep knowledge allow a lecturer accept different views and ideas of students and also makes it possible to indicate whether or not the idea of ​​the road. Mastery of the material allows a professor to understand all kinds of roads and the model to arrive at a solution to the problem without fixed on one model.

scholarly journals Operant/Classical Conditioning: Comparisons,Intersections and Interactions The 2014 Winter Conference on Animal Learning and Behavior Focus and Research Seminar Sessions

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Weiss ◽  
Jesús Rosales-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Training Context ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Animal Learning ◽  
Research Seminar ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Behavior

The Keynote Speaker at Winter Conference on Animal Learning and Behavior (WCALB) 2014 was Dr. Björn Brembs whose address was titled, Pavlovian and Skinnerian Processes Are Genetically Separable. The essence of the address, that describes the research on which Dr. Brembs based this conclusion, is described below. Articles in this issue representing the related Focus Session include: The Many Faces of Pavlovian Conditioning by Dr. Jozefowiez, Pavlov + Skinner = Premack by Dr. Killeen, Evocation of Behavioral Change by the Reinforcer is the Critical Event in Both the Classical and Operant Procedures by Dr. Donahoe, On Choice and the Law of Effect by Dr. Staddon, Response-Outcome versus Outcome-Response Associations in Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer: Effects of Instrumental Training Context by Gilroy, Everett and Delamater, and The Instrumentally-Derived Incentive-Motivational Function by Dr. Weiss. As a whole, they attempt to increase our contact with, and get at the essence of, what is actually happening with these operant and classical contingencies in the laboratory and nature. The Research Seminar Session revealed the current tendency for explanations of behavior to be reduced to physiology, neuroscience, and genetics. However, anti-reductionists saw shortcomings in this approach. They recommended an interconnected holistic approach which shifts the focus away from the structure of discrete behaviors and toward examining the environment in which the behavior occurs and the consequences produced. The distinction between structural and functional analysis points to a difficulty of integrating facts about behavior with other levels of analysis that requires our attention.

scholarly journals Enhancing energy efficiency of an existing housing stock

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
K.V. Izmaylova ◽  
L.A. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Full Operation

The article analyzes domestic and international experience in the field of energy efficiency and energy security. Thus, it was important to adopt the Law of Ukraine "On the Energy Efficiency of Buildings", which introduced mandatory certification of buildings by energy consumption classes. The study of sources on the issues of effective energy consumption showed that issues related to improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures are acquiring special relevance; the use of foreign models to improve the energy efficiency of the housing stock. Specific organizational and economic measures are highlighted that will help improve the energy efficiency of the national economy. The Swedish experience of using a modern cost model for the full period of operation ("General Concept") is studied, which aims to assess the economic results of investments in measures to improve the energy efficiency of the housing stock. The main principles of the modern cost model of the full operation period and the criteria for determining the number of necessary energy efficiency measures are considered. Analyzed "hard" (physical condition of the building) and "soft" (user behavior) measures that provide for the integrated energy efficiency of the building. The stages of the analysis according to the cost model of the full operation period are considered. The typical for Sweden ranges of the duration of energy efficient measures and the requirements for the internal rate of return, which depends on the general economic situation in the country and the terms of the loan, have been investigated.  Based on the results of the energy audit of the ten-story building selected for the study and taking into account the experience of Sweden, a number of measures to improve energy efficiency are proposed and a calculation is given to ensure the energy efficiency of a residential building in Ukraine. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is a positive trend in this implementation. With the integrated use of all measures that will even allow you to save more, you can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the existing housing stock in Ukraine.

Criticality of E-Privacy and Data Leakage Amid the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Gaurav Roy
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Cloud Systems ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
Digital Assets

The global pandemic has led to an undeniable surge in using digital technologies due to the social distancing norms and nationwide lockdowns. Firms and organizations are conforming to the new culture of work and life. The use of internet services, digital devices, and cloud systems has seen surges in usage from 40% to 100%, compared to pre-lockdown levels. With the rapid growth of this technological use, people are exposing their digital assets, presence, and behavior out to the binary world where AI-driven data analysis algorithms, data-gathering systems, and spyware are continuously monitoring their behavior. These subconsciously exposed data are then carried forward for delivering customized ads and recommend features.

Time, money, or convenience: what determines Chinese consumers’ continuance usage intention and behavior of using tourism mobile apps?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Songshan (Sam) Huang ◽  
Shuaishuai Li
Keyword(s):  
User Behavior ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Continuance Usage ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Continuance Usage Intention

Purpose This study aims to examine the effects of three aspects of perceived advantage (i.e. time-saving, money-saving and convenience) on Chinese consumers’ continuance usage intention and behavior of using tourism mobile applications (apps) in the context of Chinese society and culture. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected at 20 key tourist attractions in Jinan, China from tourists who visit the attractions. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypothetical model. Findings Empirical findings revealed that time-saving directly affected consumers’ continuance usage intention but did not influence user behavior; on the contrary, money-saving had a direct effect on user behavior, but not on intention. Convenience was found to affect both intention and behavior and had a much stronger total effect on user behavior than time-saving and money-saving. Research limitations/implications The study findings offer insights into the further development of tourism mobile apps. While money-saving can be an effective marketing offer for user adoption of tourism mobile apps, tourism mobile apps operators should further tap into the value of time and convenience in designing and developing tourism mobile apps. Originality/value The study expands on practical knowledge of Chinese consumers’ behavior toward using tourism apps.

scholarly journals Abnormal User Detection Based on the Correlation Probabilistic Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Ying Sun
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Markov Logic ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Measurement Algorithm ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
User Security

As an important part of the new generation of information technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), which is developing rapidly, requires high user security. However, malicious nodes located in an IoT network can influence user security. Abnormal user detection and correlation probability analysis are fundamental and challenging problems. In this paper, the probabilistic model of the correlation between abnormal users (PMCAU) is proposed. First, the concept of user behavior correlation degree is proposed, which is defined as two parts: user attribute similarity degree and behavior interaction degree; the attribute similarity measurement algorithm and behavior correlation measurement algorithm are constructed, respectively, and the spontaneous and interactive behaviors of users were analyzed to determine the abnormal correlated users. Second, first-order logic grammar is used to express the before and after connection of user behavior and to deduce the probabilistic of occurrence of the correlation of behavior and determine the abnormal user groups. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional anomaly detection algorithm and Markov logic network, this model can identify the users correlated with anomalies, make probabilistic inferences on the possible associations, and identify the potential abnormal user groups, thus achieving higher accuracy and predictability in the IoT.

scholarly journals Hoya Eyegenius®: New Method for Measuring and Correcting Fixation Disparity

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-396
Author(s):  
Volkhard Schroth ◽  
Olga Prenat ◽  
Natalia Vlasak ◽  
Roger Crelier
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
New Method ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Fixation Disparity ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Normal Binocular Vision

Abstract Many things interfere with good binocular vision in nowadays modern digital environment: long periods spent looking at screens and switching between different digital devices at short distances. Vision-related or asthenopic complaints such as headaches, tired and burning eyes or blurred vision can be experienced by many people. Prescribing prismatic correction for fixation disparity can help to reduce these symptoms. A new, highly innovative method for measuring and correcting fixation disparity has been developed - HOYA EyeGenius®. The HOYA EyeGenius® method includes the unique examination procedures, pre-tests and fixation disparity measurements at far and near distances. The pre-tests allow to include patients with asthenopic complaints only with normal binocular vision and exclude cases with abnormal binocular vision. The main innovation of EyeGenius is based on direct conversion of the fixation disparity value into a prism amount. Therefore, the trial prismatic lenses are not used during the test. The use of digital devices makes this method interactive and minimizes the influence of the examiner.

scholarly journals Competition in a Household Energy Conservation Game

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11991
Author(s):  
Jan Dirk Fijnheer ◽  
Herre van Oostendorp ◽  
Geert-Jan Giezeman ◽  
Remco C. Veltkamp
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Real World ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Saving Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

This paper presents the results of a game study, comparing Powersaver Game including a competition feature versus the same game excluding a competition feature with respect to energy conservation in the household. In a pretest–posttest design, we tested whether change in attitude, knowledge and behavior with respect to energy conservation in the household was different for participants playing Powersaver Game with or without competition. All energy conservation activities that the application provides (e.g., washing clothes at low temperatures) take place in the real world and feedback is based on real-time energy consumption. This so-called reality-enhanced game approach aims to optimize the transfer between the game world and the real world. Household energy consumption changed significantly and positively in the long term due to competition. A significant difference of 8% in energy consumption between both conditions after the intervention was detected. Besides energy conservation, no further differences were detected between conditions. The chain of events, that an increase in knowledge leads to attitude change, which in turn results in behavior change in the long term is confirmed by means of a path analysis. We conclude that Powersaver Game is effective in the transfer of energy conservation knowledge, which leads to energy saving behavior in the long term while competition additionally contributes to more change in behavior.

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