scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contamination of Flamed and Braised Chickens and Health Risk Assessment in Burkina Faso

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Bazoin Sylvain Raoul Bazié ◽  
Caroline Douny ◽  
Thomas Judicaël Ouilly ◽  
Djidjoho Joseph Hounhouigan ◽  
Aly Savadogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Charcoal- or wood-cooked chicken is a street-vended food in Burkina Faso. In this study, 15 samples of flamed chicken and 13 samples of braised chicken were analyzed for 15 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with a high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector. A face-to-face survey was conducted to assess the consumption profiles of 300 men and 300 women. The health risk was assessed based on the margin of exposure (MOE) principle. BaP (14.95–1.75 μg/kg) and 4PAHs (BaP + Chr + BaA + BbF) (78.46–15.14 μg/kg) were eight and five times more abundant at the median level in flamed chickens than in braised ones, respectively. The contents of BaP and 4PAHs in all flamed chicken samples were above the limits set by the European Commission against 23% for both in braised chickens. Women had the highest maximum daily consumption of both braised (39.65 g/day) and flamed chickens (105.06 g/day). At the estimated maximum level of consumption, women were respectively 3.64 (flamed chicken) and 1.62 (braised chicken) times more exposed to BaP and 4PAHs than men. MOE values ranged between 8140 and 9591 for men and between 2232 and 2629 for women at the maximum level of consumption of flamed chickens, indicating a slight potential carcinogenic risk.

scholarly journals Interannual Survey on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Seawater of North Nanao Bay, Ishikawa, Japan, from 2015 to 2018: Sources, Pathways and Ecological Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mundo ◽  
Tetsuya Matsunaka ◽  
Hisanori Iwai ◽  
Shouzo Ogiso ◽  
Nobuo Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

To improve the understanding of the emission sources and pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the coastal environments of remote areas, their particulate and dissolved concentrations were analyzed on a monthly basis from 2015 to 2018 in surface waters of Nanao Bay, Japan. The concentration of the targeted 13 species of PAHs on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) priority pollutant list in dissolved and particle phases were separately analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a fluorescence detector. Particulate and dissolved PAHs had average concentrations of 0.72 ng∙L−1 and 0.95 ng∙L−1, respectively. While most of the samples were lower than 1 ng∙L−1, abnormally high levels up to 10 ng∙L−1 were observed in the winter of 2017–2018 for particulate PAHs. Based on the isomer ratios of Flu to Flu plus Pyr, it was possible to determine that the pyrogenic loads were greater than the petrogenic loads in all but four out of 86 samples. The predominant environmental pathway for PAHs in winter was determined to be long-range atmospheric transportation fed by the East Asian winter monsoon, while for the summer, local sources were more relevant. By the risk quotients method, it was determined that PAHs in surface seawater presented a very low risk to marine life during the interannual survey.

scholarly journals Health risk assessment of levels of some toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of some commercial soft drinks commonly consumed among students of Nnamdi Azikiwe university, Awka, Anambra state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rose Ngozi Asomugha ◽  
Chijoke Emmanuel Igwe ◽  
Peace Ukamaka Nome ◽  
Onyinye Mary Uchendu ◽  
Nwamkwere Godson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Food Safety is of growing concern globally, and more so considering the relatively high proportion of soft drinks in the beverage market worldwide, and its rate of consumption especially amongst the youths. It is essential to evaluate the levels of toxic metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) residues of which when present in soft drinks above the permissible limits could pose serious public health risk. The aim of this present study was to assess the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd ,As) and Polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in 16 commercial soft drinks marketed in Awka, using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy(AAS) and Flame Ionization detector (GC-FID), respectively. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment were performed using the method established by United State Environmental Protection agency(USEPA).The data obtained were compared with the permissible limit set for drinking water by United State Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA),World Health Organization (WHO),Standard Organization of Nigeria(SON) and Federal Environmental Protection Agency(FEPA). The highest mean level of 0.6116 mg/l is related to Pb and the lowest of 0.0028mg/l related to Hg. The mean levels of the metals increased in this order: Hg<As<Cd<Pb. For the PAHs, using Benzo(a)pyrene as the benchmark for other PAHs congeners because of its strong carcinogenic potency, is not detected in this study, and thus pose no health risk. The target hazard quotient (THQ) of Hg in the studied samples is less than 1. Pb levels in75% the studied samples had THQ>1, and thus, pose a health risk. The hazard index, calculated as the combined risk of heavy metal toxicity is greater than unity (HI>1).The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values estimated for Pb, As and Cd in the sample were 6.25%,31.25% and 25% ,respectively, representing higher than acceptable risk value of (10-6 -10-4) . The results raise a concern for the public exposed with respect to As and Cd carcinogenic risk values.  

scholarly journals Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Tea Infusions Samples by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorimetric Detection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Girelli ◽  
Azzurra Apriceno ◽  
Anna maria Tarola ◽  
Francesca Tortora
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

This study focuses on the contamination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency, in 10 tea brands distributed in Italy. Analyses were carried out with a procedure based on saponification, liquid-liquid extraction, and PAHs determination by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. A comparison with ultrasonic extraction in bath water was also reported. Contamination is expressed as the sum of analyzed PAHs and ranged between 347 and 4120 ng/L with a mean value of 1675 ng/L. PAHs with 3-4 rings were dominant with a contribution of 92%, while 7% and 1% were found for PAHs with 5 and 6 rings, respectively. Moreover, data revealed that three samples exceeded the EU 2008 criteria established for drinking water in which the sum of benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene, and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene is considered (<100 ng/L) and two samples exceeded the 10 ng/L level allowed for benzo[a]pyrene.

scholarly journals Characteristics of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at A Roadside Air Pollution Monitoring Station in Kanazawa, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Xing ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Quanyu Zhou ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Station ◽  
Traffic Emission ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs (NPAHs) in PM2.5 samples were collected at a roadside monitoring station in Kanazawa, Japan, in every season from 2017 to 2018. Nine PAHs and five NPAHs were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and chemiluminescence detection, respectively. The mean concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs were highest in winter and lowest in summer. Fluoranthene and pyrene were the dominant PAHs and 1-nitropyrene was the dominant NPAH in all seasons, and these compounds were mainly emitted by diesel vehicles. The concentration ratio of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) to benzo(ghi)perylene (BgPe) ((BaP)/(BgPe)) and of indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IDP) to the sum of IDP and benzo(ghi)perylene (BgPe) ((IDP)/((IDP)+(BgPe0) might still be useful indicators for identifying traffic emission sources today. Moreover, our results showed that the carcinogenic risk in all seasons was below the acceptable limit set by the WHO.

scholarly journals Development of Extraction Method of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Sunflower Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Nataliya Tereshchenko ◽  
Olena Khyzhan ◽  
Lidia Kovshun ◽  
Viktor Maksin ◽  
Alexander Bobunov
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Phase Contact Time ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorption extraction process from sunflower oil on activated carbon was studied. Specific adsorption values on activated charcoal-xenobiotic system for compounds of benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(e)pyrene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene and their mixtures were investigated. Influence of phase contact time of system, ratio of components on degree of PAHs extraction under isothermal conditions (25 ± 0.01ºC) was studied. Degree of oil purification was controlled by method of high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC/FLD). Leaning on patterns found, optimal conditions for purification of raw sunflower oil from PAHs using activated charcoal and obtaining the matrix of sunflower oil proposed.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment for Trace Metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water of Cankiri, Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1976-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Caylak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Mean

Lifetime exposure to trace metals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), trihalomethanes (THMs), and the other chemicals in drinking water through ingestion, and dermal contact may pose risks to human health. In this study, drinking water samples were collected from 50 sampling sites from Cankiri and its towns during 2010. The concentrations of all pollutants were analyzed, and then compared with permissible limits set by Turkish and WHO. For health risk assessment of trace metals, chronic daily intakes (CDIs) via ingestion and dermal contact, hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) were calculated by using statistical formulas. For ingestion pathway, the maximum HQ values of As-non cancer in central Cankiri and Kursunlu town were higher than one. Considering dermal adsorption pathway, the mean and maximum HQ values were below one. HI values of As-non cancer in central Cankiri and Kursunlu town were also higher than one. Each trace metal (As-non cancer, B, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Sb) of the mean HI values were slightly below unity. Risks of As, PAHs, THMs, and benzene on human health were then evaluated using carcinogenic risk (CR). It is indicated that CRs of As and THMs were also found >10−5in drinking water of Cankiri might exert potential carcinogenic risk for people. These assessments would point out required drinking water treatment strategy to ensure safety of consumers.

scholarly journals Reduction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sesame Oil Using Cellulosic Aerogel

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Do-Yeong Kim ◽  
Boram Kim ◽  
Han-Seung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
And Control

The effect of cellulosic aerogel treatments used for adsorption of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP])—generated during the manufacture of sesame oil was evaluated. In this study, eulalia (Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens)-based cellulosic aerogel (adsorbent) was prepared and used high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for determination of PAHs in sesame oil. In addition, changes in the sesame oil quality parameters (acid value, peroxide value, color, and fatty acid composition) following cellulosic aerogel treatment were also evaluated. The four PAHs and their total levels decreased in sesame oil samples roasted under different conditions (p < 0.05) following treatment with cellulosic aerogel. In particular, highly carcinogenic BaP was not detected after treatment with cellulosic aerogel. Moreover, there were no noticeable quality changes in the quality parameters between treated and control samples. It was concluded that eulalia-based cellulosic aerogel proved suitable for the reduction of PAHs from sesame oil and can be used as an eco-friendly adsorbent.

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