scholarly journals Sharing and Riding: How the Dockless Bike Sharing Scheme in China Shapes the City

Urban Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sharing Scheme ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Future Direction

Over the last three years, the dockless bike sharing scheme has become prevalent in the context of the boom in the sharing economy, the wide use of mobile online payment, the increasing environmental awareness and the inherent market demand. This research takes Beijing as a case study, investigates the users’ characteristics, their behaviour change, and perceptions of dockless bike sharing scheme by the quantitative survey, and then analyzes the reasons behind it and how it has changed the residents’ life in Beijing. This new kind of dockless shared bikes, with great advantages of accessibility, flexibility, efficiency and affordability, helps to solve the ‘last mile’ problem, reduce the travel time, and seems to be very environmentally-friendly and sustainable. However, with the help of interview and document analysis, this research finds that the shared bikes are not the effective alternative for the frequent car-users. Nevertheless, it also has numerous negative consequences such as ‘zombie’ bikes blocking the sidewalks and vandalism to the bikes. The public is also worried about their quality and safety, especially the issues of ‘right of way’. How to coordinate and solve these problems is not only related to the future direction of the dockless bike sharing scheme but also to the vital interests of the general public. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that governments, enterprises, and the public participate in multi-party cooperation and build synergic governance networks to carry forward the advantages and avoid the negative effects of the new bike sharing system.

scholarly journals The Effects of Media Language Using of Comedian Program Audiences of Kurdish Televisions; BEZMÎ BEZM Program at KurdMax TV As A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-186
Author(s):  
Shwan Adam Aivas ◽  
Mahabad Kamel Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Ethics ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effects Of Media

This study is an attempt to evaluate the effects of media language misusing in comedian programs of Iraqi Kurdish televisions. To achieve this goal, the researchers have done an online survey with 145 TV viewers; as well as analyzing the thematic contents of 12 episodes of the BEZMÎ BEZM program on the KurdMax satellite channel.   Based on the research results; media language misusing in the BEZMÎ BEZM program has negative effects on viewers of this program, despite the fact that the majority of opinions agreed on the definition of this satellite as a Kurdish entertainment channel and the rates of views of its main programs "Great". However, they also agreed that this program on the KurdMax satellite channel has become a popular platform for insults, exchange of accusations, and defamation of certain personalities and groups in society, and a reason for sabotaging the Kurdish language and its methods, producing linguistic and psychological violence and highlighting gender discrimination. In addition to sabotaging the public taste of viewers, lack of respect for their needs, delinquency of adolescents, reducing the value of artistic work etiquette and educational foundations, and underestimating the family and Kurdish culture and its peculiarities. As for the topics presented in this program, the main goal is to make viewers laugh only and to achieve this; they do not hesitate to spread market language and archaic and patriarchal cultures, encourage gender differences of men and women, social and sexual taboos, defame personalities, neglect health guidelines, and violate professional media ethics. All of the above; represents the main identity of the BEZMÎ BEZM program on the KurdMax satellite channel. As a final point, this research has recommended the relevant people and bodies to subordinate such programs in order to review its content based on legal and ethical media standards, laws, and rules of the Kurdish language, along with abiding professional art principles.

Epidural Anesthesia for Caesarean Section and Occurrence of Horner’s Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
Sasho Spasovski ◽  
Atanas Sivevski ◽  
Dafina Karadjova ◽  
Igor Samardziski
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Horner’S Syndrome ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Horner's Syndrome ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The University

Abstract Recently, specifically in the last decade, at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the number of patients treated with epidural analgesia for painless childbirth, which in some percentage ends in Caesarian section (35%), has increased. The increased use of the epidural anesthesia and analgesia is due to the fact that it is one of the most popular ways of childbirth today. This situation is a result of the benefits that epidural anesthesia has for the patient, which consist of allowing the pregnant woman to be conscious during childbirth and to feel and see her child coming into the world, accompanied with smaller intensity of intraoperative and postoperative pain. However, the results or the effects in practice have shown that in certain insignificant percentage patients can have negative consequences from the received analgesia (anesthesia) such as: headache, cases of durra puncture, epidural abscess or hematoma, neurological outbursts etc. But, the subject of this analysis or the aim of this study is the appearance of Horner’s syndrome, as one of the negative effects of the epidural anesthesia, which even though rarely (only in 1% of the cases) can appear as a result of the epidural anesthesia. In the case study using the historic, comparative and empirical method we will try through a specific case to determine the causes for the occurrence of the Horner’s syndrome, how it should be treated and what are the consequences for the patient.

scholarly journals Focus Group Interviews Employed in the Research Analysing Young Adults’ Behaviour on the Market of Alternative Means of City Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Irena Szymańska
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The City

Shared transportation, directly corresponding to research on the sharing economy, is an important issue, directly linked with the issue of city transport, as well as that of alternative transport when analysed from a broader perspective. Forms of alternative city transport may be classified into two basic groups, different in terms of the manner in which they use their shared vehicles. It is either ride-sourcing or vehicle-sourcing (further broken down to car-sharing, bike-sharing and scooter-sharing). All the above-specified forms require access to a mobile app or a website and, consequently, some Internet and app-using skills, so it is obvious that they are predominantly used by young people. The fact prompted the author to research consumer behaviour in the sharing economy area among young people, who are regular users of the public transport available in Krakow. The research was conducted on a group of 96 respondents using qualitative method (FGI). The objective of the research was to identify the factors which determine some specific mobile behaviours in young adults in the area of alternative forms of the public transport, as well as identification of these forms of transport which are preferred and most popular among users. With all certainty, alternative forms of transport represent an attractive transportation offer addressed to young people, complementing the city transport system. Young people pointed to the particular importance of hedonistic factors prevailing n their choices, as they particularly appreciated reaching their destination in a fast, pleasant and comfortable anner, as well as the feeling of independence and freedom. However, alternative transport was certainly not hosen for reasons related to the environmental protection or economic aspects.

scholarly journals Understanding the Integration of Socio-Technical Actors for Sharing and Sustainable Urban Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-724
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique T. Pereira ◽  
Minelle E. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Schematic Model ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

In the search for sustainability and urban reconfiguration, this research analyzes a business model used in sustainable urban mobility initiatives that integrates public and private agents (socio-technical actors – ST-actors) in Fortaleza (Brazil). An integrated case study was carried out with two initiatives: VAMO Fortaleza (e-carsharing) and Bicicletar (bike sharing). Interviews were conducted with the protagonist ST-actors, and documents were analyzed focusing on shared urban mobility. We observed that the initiative implementation integrates ST-actors through public-private partnerships. Based on that, a schematic model was designed to illustrate ST-actor integration as a business model that can be replicated in other contexts using sharing economy principles. In the context of the urban mobility reconfiguration focused on sustainability, we explore a case which has been internationally recognised and we present an underexplored theme about sharing economy initiatives that can be practised.

scholarly journals Greenwashing: the essence of the definition and classification of varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Mariana NAHIRNA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Classification Of Varieties ◽  
Number Of Authors

Introduction. Today, the problem of environmental pollution is pronounced, which is of growing concern to the public every year. Society seeks to preserve nature, natural resources and valuable species of animals and plants in order to ensure the protection of the environment. Given the public concern about the preservation of the environment, there is a focus of modern enterprises to address this problem in order to form a positive image of companies. However, it is not always possible for companies to achieve positive environmental performance, which encourages them to use greenwashing methods as a way to influence on consumers by disguising the company as an defender of environment to meet their own needs. Of course, greenwashing has a number of negative effects due to misleading consumers, using unfair competition and damage of the environment, which causes concern to scientists and societies on these issues and gives relevance to the research theme. Purpose. Despite the negative aspects of greenwashing, there is a need for research and development of the conceptual and categorical tools of this question. Also in the analysis of the approaches of a number of domestic and foreign authors to the interpretation of the essence of the term of “greenwashing” and the generalization of such interpretation and in singling out the classification of varieties of greenwashing. Results. As a result of research, the views of a number of authors on the essence of term “greenwashing” are presented and a generalization of this definition is made. The negative consequences of the use of greenwashing in some literature sources are also analyzed. Also, the varieties of greenwashing are systematized according to a number of essential features. Conclusions. Given the relevance of the theme and the negative signs of greenwashing, this concept requires further study and research.

Roles of government in regulating the sharing economy: A case study of bike sharing in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-235
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Reddick ◽  
Yueping Zheng ◽  
Te Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Bike Sharing

scholarly journals Analysis of the Use and Perception of Shared Mobility: A Case Study in Western Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8766
Author(s):  
Craig Standing ◽  
Ferry Jie ◽  
Thi Le ◽  
Susan Standing ◽  
Sharon Biermann
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Bike Sharing

The sharing economy has acquired a lot of media attention in recent years, and it has had a significant impact on the transport sector. This paper investigates the existing impact and potential of various forms of shared mobility, concentrating on the case study of Wanneroo, Western Australia. We adopted bibliometric analysis and visualization tools based on nearly 700 papers collected from the Scopus database to identify research clusters on shared mobility. Based on the clusters identified, we undertook a further content analysis to clarify the factors affecting the potential of different shared mobility modes. A specially designed questionnaire was applied for Wanneroo’s residents to explore their use of shared mobility, their future behaviour intentions, and their perspectives on the advantages and challenges of adoption. The empirical findings indicate that the majority of respondents who had used shared mobility options in the last 12 months belong to the low-mean-age group. The younger age group of participants also showed positive views on shared mobility and would consider using it in the future. Household size in terms of number of children did not make any impact on shared mobility options. Preference for shared mobility services is not related to income level. Bike sharing was less commonly used than the other forms of shared mobility.

scholarly journals "Last mile" challenges to in situ volcanic data transmission

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 4037-4062
Author(s):  
J. F. B. D. Fonseca ◽  
B. V. E. Faria ◽  
J. Trindade ◽  
G. Cruz ◽  
A. Chambel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Public Network ◽  
The Public ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Volcanic Monitoring ◽  
Volcanic Data

Abstract. Scientists play a key role in volcanic risk mitigation, but rely heavily on fast access to data acquired in the vicinity of an active volcano. Hazardous volcanoes are often located in remote areas were telecommunications infrastructure is fragile. Besides being exposed directly to the volcanic hazard, the infrastructure in such remote areas can suffer also from "last mile" limitations derived from lack of market demand for data transmission services. In this paper, we report on the findings of FP7 MIAVITA project in the topic of volcanic data transmission. We draw on the contribution of partners from emergent or developing countries to identify the main bottlenecks and fragilities. We present also the results of an experiment conducted in Fogo island, Cape Verde, to test the availability of VSAT services adequate for volcanic monitoring. We warn against the false sense of security resulting from increasingly ubiquitous connectivity, and point out the lack of reliability of many consumer-type services, particularly during emergencies when such services are likely to crash due to excess of demand from the public. Finally, we propose guidelines and recommend best practices for the design of volcanic monitoring networks in what concerns data transmission. In particular, we advise that the data transmission equipment close to the exposed area should be owned, operated and maintained by the volcanic monitoring institution. We exemplify with the setup of the Fogo telemetric interface, which uses low-power licence-free radio modems to reach a robust point of entry into the public network at a suitable distance from the volcano.

scholarly journals Operating Characteristics of Dockless Bike-Sharing Systems near Metro Stations: Case Study in Nanjing City, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Zhenjun Zhu ◽  
Xiucheng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Trip Chain ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Nanjing City

With the growth of dockless bike-sharing (DLBS) systems, the first-and-last mile connection to public transport, such as metro and light railway stations, could be improved. DLBS systems complete the trip chain by connecting metro stations with points of interest and enhance the sustainability of urban transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the trans-shipment characteristics of DLBS systems for metro stations. In this study, we collected data from the Mobike DLBS system in Nanjing City, China and applied K-means clustering to analyse the activity patterns of DLBS systems near local metro stations. Metro stations were categorised into five types on workdays and three types on weekends. An analysis of the relationships between activity patterns and spatial distribution characteristics demonstrated that the distribution of clusters possesses a strong connection with the surrounding environment. Low land development rates and a sparse distribution of metro stations cause a large range of influences. This research has direct implications for understanding the operating state of DLBS systems near metro stations and promoting the proper management of DLBS systems.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Responsible Innovation in the Emerging Shared Bicycle Industry: Case Study of a Chinese Firm

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Ma ◽  
Zhu ◽  
Ji
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Responsible Innovation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bicycle Industry ◽  
Chinese Firm ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Shared Bicycle

In the current era of Industrial 4.0, open innovation, and the sharing economy, innovation ecosystems are formed through government-industry-university (triple helix) interaction. The concept of responsible innovation has emerged to explore how innovation can be conducted in a transparent, trustworthy, and sustainable way so as to respond to the public interest. While current literature provides a conceptual framework, details of how responsible innovation can be formed, developed, and sustained in the sharing economy, in particular in developing countries, have been under-explored. This paper aims to explore factors of responsible innovation, linking dimensions with business practice, and identify the dynamic stages of the industry life cycle. Through an in-depth case study of China’s shared bicycle industry and the firm Hellobike, this paper has prioritized factors which lead to responsibility, such as user safety and friendliness in product design, real-time operations combined with big data, collaboration between industry and local government for industry standardization, and user credit systems. It has enriched key dimensions based on literature and case studies and proposed dynamic interaction models for industry, government, users, and universities at different stages of responsible innovation in the shared bicycle sector. From this empirical study, future research areas have been identified.

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