scholarly journals Lettuce Chlorosis Virus Disease: A New Threat to Cannabis Production

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadad ◽  
Luria ◽  
Smith ◽  
Sela ◽  
Lachman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Deprivation ◽  
Rapid Amplification ◽  
Race Pcr ◽  
Complete Viral Genome

In a survey conducted in Cannabis sativa L. (cannabis) authorized farms in Israel, plants showed disease symptoms characteristic of nutrition deprivation. Interveinal chlorosis, brittleness, and occasional necrosis were observed in older leaves. Next generation sequencing analysis of RNA extracted from symptomatic leaves revealed the presence of lettuce chlorosis virus (LCV), a crinivirus that belongs to the Closteroviridae family. The complete viral genome sequence was obtained using RT-PCR and Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. The two LCV RNA genome segments shared 85–99% nucleotide sequence identity with LCV isolates from GenBank database. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci Middle Eastern Asia Minor1 (MEAM1) biotype transmitted the disease from symptomatic cannabis plants to un-infected ‘healthy’ cannabis, Lactuca sativa, and Catharanthus roseus plants. Shoots from symptomatic cannabis plants, used for plant propagation, constituted a primary inoculum of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cannabis plant disease caused by LCV.

Biological Hazards

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Russi
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogens ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Animal Contact ◽  
Novel H1n1 Influenza

This chapter describes various biological hazards and their impact on workers and others. A major focus of the chapter is biological hazards in healthcare and laboratory settings, including exposure to bloodborne pathogens and prevention of diseases related to them. Sections deal with sharps injuries, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, tuberculosis, and other infectious diseases that can be acquired in the work environment via direct contact, droplet or airborne spread, or fecal-oral transmission. In addition, infectious agents spread by animal contact or arthropod vectors in a broad range of settings will be addressed. Newly emerging infectious or re-emerging infections, such as those due to H5N1 and novel H1N1 influenza, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) as well as agents associated with bioterrorism are discussed.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of the Tineola bisselliella Larval Gut Transcriptome Reveals Candidate Enzymes for Keratin Digestion

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Michael Schwabe ◽  
Sven Griep ◽  
Henrike Schmidtberg ◽  
Rudy Plarre ◽  
Alexander Goesmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Tineola Bisselliella

The clothes moth Tineola bisselliella is one of a few insects that can digest keratin, leading to the destruction of clothing, textiles and artwork. The mechanism of keratin digestion is not yet fully understood, partly reflecting the lack of publicly available genomic and transcriptomic data. Here we present a high-quality gut transcriptome of T. bisselliella generated from larvae reared on keratin-rich and keratin-free diets. The overall transcriptome consists of 428,221 contigs that were functionally annotated and screened for candidate enzymes involved in keratin utilization. As a mechanism for keratin digestion, we identified cysteine synthases, cystathionine β-synthases and cystathionine γ-lyases. These enzymes release hydrogen sulfite, which may reduce the disulfide bonds in keratin. The dataset also included 27 differentially expressed contigs with trypsin domains, among which 20 were associated with keratin feeding. Finally, we identified seven collagenases that were upregulated on the keratin-rich diet. In addition to this enzymatic repertoire potentially involved in breaking down keratin, our analysis of poly(A)-enriched and poly(A)-depleted transcripts suggested that T. bisselliella larvae possess an unstable intestinal microbiome that may nevertheless contribute to keratin digestion.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs from Snellenius manilae bracovirus regulate innate and cellular immune responses of its host Spodoptera litura

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Kang Tang ◽  
Chih-Hsuan Tsai ◽  
Carol-P. Wu ◽  
Yu-Hsien Lin ◽  
Sung-Chan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractTo avoid inducing immune and physiological responses in insect hosts, parasitoid wasps have developed several mechanisms to inhibit them during parasitism, including the production of venom, specialized wasp cells, and symbioses with polydnaviruses (PDVs). These mechanisms alter the host physiology to give the wasp offspring a greater chance of survival. However, the molecular mechanisms for most of these alterations remain unclear. In the present study, we applied next-generation sequencing analysis and identified several miRNAs that were encoded in the genome of Snellenius manilae bracovirus (SmBV), and expressed in the host larvae, Spodoptera litura, during parasitism. Among these miRNAs, SmBV-miR-199b-5p and SmBV-miR-2989 were found to target domeless and toll-7 in the host, which are involved in the host innate immune responses. Microinjecting the inhibitors of these two miRNAs into parasitized S. litura larvae not only severely decreased the pupation rate of Snellenius manilae, but also restored the phagocytosis and encapsulation activity of the hemocytes. The results demonstrate that these two SmBV-encoded miRNAs play an important role in suppressing the immune responses of parasitized hosts. Overall, our study uncovers the functions of two SmBV-encoded miRNAs in regulating the host innate immune responses upon wasp parasitism.

scholarly journals Mutation Profile of Aggressive Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma with Comparison of TCGA Data

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2389
Author(s):  
Yun Mi Choi ◽  
Jinyeong Lim ◽  
Min Ji Jeon ◽  
Yu-Mi Lee ◽  
Tae-Yon Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Sdhb Mutation ◽  
Targeted Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Mutation Profile ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Frequent Mutations

In pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL), germline or somatic mutations in one of the known susceptibility genes are identified in up to 60% patients. However, the peculiar genetic events that drive the aggressive behavior including metastasis in PPGL are poorly understood. We performed targeted next-generation sequencing analysis to characterize the mutation profile in fifteen aggressive PPGL patients and compared accessible data of aggressive PPGLs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) with findings of our cohort. A total of 115 germline and 34 somatic variants were identified with a median 0.58 per megabase tumor mutation burden in our cohort. The most frequent mutation was SDHB germline mutation (27%) and the second frequent mutations were somatic mutations for SETD2, NF1, and HRAS (13%, respectively). Patients were subtyped into three categories based on the kind of mutated genes: pseudohypoxia (n = 5), kinase (n = 5), and unknown (n = 5) group. In copy number variation analysis, deletion of chromosome arm 1p harboring SDHB gene was the most frequently observed. In our cohort, SDHB mutation and pseudohypoxia subtype were significantly associated with poor overall survival. In conclusion, subtyping of mutation profile can be helpful in aggressive PPGL patients with heterogeneous prognosis to make relevant follow-up plan and achieve proper treatment.

scholarly journals Aligning to the sample-specific reference sequence to optimize the accuracy of next-generation sequencing analysis for hepatitis B virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chun Liu ◽  
Chih-Peng Lin ◽  
Chun-Pei Cheng ◽  
Cheng-Hsun Ho ◽  
Kuo-Lun Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Generation Sequencing

scholarly journals Landscape of somatic mutations in gastric cancer assessed using next‑generation sequencing analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Pan ◽  
Xiaozhi Ji ◽  
Renmin Zhang ◽  
Zhaofei Zhou ◽  
Yuejiao Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Generation Sequencing

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Severe Tetanus Assisted by Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of Etiology: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuling An ◽  
Mingming Fan ◽  
Ziyu Li ◽  
You Peng ◽  
Xiaomeng Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Instability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Severe Tetanus

Abstract We shared our successful treatment experience of a severe tetanus patient in China. A 50 year old male patient was admitted to our hospital 10 days after the right arm injury due to pain and masticatory weakness. The pathogen of wound secretion was confirmed to be clostridium tetanus by next-generation sequencing (NGS).The patient's condition rapidly progressed to a severe state with autonomic instability. After debridement and comprehensive treatment in ICU, including deep analgesia and sedation with dexmedetomidine, ventilator support and anti-infection treatment, the patient finally recovered and discharged. This case suggested that early diagnosis and reasonable intervention of severe tetanus could reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Reverse transcription RT-LAMP method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihua Yang ◽  
Xiaofei Dang ◽  
Qingxi Wang ◽  
Mingjie Xu ◽  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Lamp Method ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Rapid Amplification

AbstractCorona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently emerged life-threatening disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Real-time fluorescent PCR (RT-PCR) is the clinical standard for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection. To detect SARS-CoV-2 early and control the disease spreading on time, a faster and more convenient method for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detecting, RT-LAMP method (reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification) was developed. RNA reverse transcription and nucleic acid amplification were performed in one step at 63 °C isothermal conditions, and the results can be obtained within 30 minutes. ORF1ab gene, E gene and N gene were detected at the same time. ORF1ab gene was very specific and N gene was very sensitivity, so they can guarantee both sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2. The sensitivity of RT-LAMP assay is similar to RT-PCR, and specificity was 99% as detecting 208 clinical specimens. The RT-LAMP assay reported here has the advantages of rapid amplification, simple operation, and easy detection, which is useful for the rapid and reliable clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.

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