scholarly journals Transport of Phage in Melon Plants and Inhibition of Progression of Bacterial Fruit Blotch

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryan Rahimi-Midani ◽  
Tae-Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Fruit Blotch ◽  
Acidovorax Citrulli ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Foliar Tissue ◽  
Important Disease

Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) is an economically important disease in melons and watermelons for which no effective control method is available. Application of phytobacterium-infecting phage has been evaluated as an alternative means of preventing bacterial diseases in plants. Coating of seeds with bacteriophages infecting Acidovorax citrulli, the causal agent of BFB, is effective for controlling the disease, as shown in our previous study. We evaluated the transport of bacteriophage ACPWH from soil to the leaves of melon plants, and we also evaluated its effect on BFB. Leaves of melon plants were spray-inoculated with A. citrulli, and bacteriophage ACPWH was added to soil after symptoms had developed. ACPWH was detected by PCR in foliar tissue 8 h after addition to soil. DAPI-stained ACPWH accumulated at the leaf tip after 24 h. Melon treated with ACPWH showed 27% disease severity, compared to 80% for the non-treated control, indicating that ACPWH can be used to control BFB.

scholarly journals Bacteriophage Biocontrol of Acidovorax citrulli, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Fruit Blotch

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Aryan Rahimi-Midani ◽  
Tae-Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Head Size ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Bacterial Fruit Blotch ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Acidovorax Citrulli ◽  
Group I ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax citrulli is known to be the major threat to cucurbit crop production worldwide. The pathogen can penetrate into seed coat and cause disease symptoms at any stage of plant growth, which results in fruit loss. Two main genotypes (genotype I and II) are reported in A. citrulli, in which genotype II is the main cause of Bacterial Fruit Blotch (BFB) in watermelon and group I is known to be a causal agent of BFB in melon. To date, there are no commercially available cultivars resistant to BFB, and available strategies are not able to completely manage the disease. In this study, we aim to isolate bacteriophages to control BFB. Samples collected from watermelon, melon, and pumpkin were used to isolate bacteriophages. All isolated bacteriophages were tested against 42 strains of A. citrulli, among which two phages with the ability to lyse a greater number of hosts were selected and characterized. Bacteriophage ACP17 from the Myoviridae family, with a head size of 100 ± 5 nm and tail of 150 ± 5 nm, infected 29 strains of A. citrulli mostly belonging to genotype group I, whereas the second isolated bacteriophage, ACPWH from Siphoviridae, with a head size of 60 ± 5 nm and tail of 180 ± 5 nm, infected 39 A. citrulli strains. Genome analysis of both bacteriophages using Next generation Sequencing (NGS) showed that ACP17 and ACPWH have double-stranded DNA with sizes of 156,972 kb and 424,299 kb, respectively. Watermelon seeds coated with ACPWH showed a germination rate of up to 90% in the presence of A. citrulli in contrast to untreated seed, which showed no germination or germinated juveniles with BFB symptoms in the presence of A. citrulli. The results of this study show that the use of bacteriophages of A. citrulli represents a potential biocontrol method for controlling BFB.

scholarly journals First Report of Acidovorax citrulli, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Fruit Blotch, on Melon (Cucumis melo) in Guadeloupe (France)

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cunty ◽  
C. Audusseau ◽  
S. Paillard ◽  
V. Olivier ◽  
C. François ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
First Report ◽  
Bacterial Fruit Blotch ◽  
Acidovorax Citrulli

Advances in detection of Acidovorax citrulli, the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch of cucurbits

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Feng ◽  
J.Q. Li ◽  
R.R. Walcott ◽  
G.M. Zhang ◽  
L.X. Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causal Agent ◽  
Bacterial Fruit Blotch ◽  
Acidovorax Citrulli

scholarly journals Application of exogenous salicylic acid reduces disease severity of Plasmodiophora brassicae in pakchoi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis Makino)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0248648
Author(s):  
Dandan Xi ◽  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Lu Gao ◽  
Zhaohui Zhang ◽  
Yuying Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Ros Scavenging

Clubroot is one of the most serious diseases affecting Brassicaceae plants worldwide. However, there is no effective control method for clubroot. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone that plays a critical role in plant defense. In our study, we found the disease severity of a clubroot-sensitive cultivar of pakchoi, Xinxiaqing, was reduced with 0.6mM exogenous SA after the infection of P. brassicae. To investigate the mechanism of SA-reduced disease severity against clubroot, then we analyzed the plant growth, alteration of antioxidant enzyme system, and related gene expression of Xinxiaqing. Results showed that the clubroot incidence rate and disease index were decreased after being treated with 0.6 mM exogenous SA. Furthermore, plant growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, and membrane lipid peroxidation were changed. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbic acid-peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR), were increased. Additionally, the production rates of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide anion (O2·–) were also inhibited. The expression levels of genes, encoding SOD, APX, CAT, and GR, were increased. By summering all results, we conclude that 0.6 mM SA contributes to the reduction of disease severity to clubroot by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, abilities of osmotic regulation, and ROS scavenging to reduce the clubroot-induced damage in pakchoi.

scholarly journals Nicotiana species as surrogate host for studying the pathogenicity of Acidovorax citrulli , the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch of cucurbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sy M. Traore ◽  
Noam Eckshtain‐Levi ◽  
Jiamin Miao ◽  
Anita Castro Sparks ◽  
Zhibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causal Agent ◽  
Nicotiana Species ◽  
Bacterial Fruit Blotch ◽  
Acidovorax Citrulli ◽  
Surrogate Host

scholarly journals Development of Nested-PCR Assay to Detect Acidovorax citrulli, a Causal Agent of Bacterial Fruit Blotch at Cucurbitaceae

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Tak Kim ◽  
Kyoung-Soo Park ◽  
Hye-Seong Kim ◽  
Hyok-In Lee ◽  
Jae-Soon Cha
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Bacterial Fruit Blotch ◽  
Acidovorax Citrulli

scholarly journals Response of Three Sweet Maize Varieties to Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum) Planted in Freshwater Swamps of South Sumatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Rafika Oktarida ◽  
Harman Hamidson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Exserohilum Turcicum ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
High Production

Planting resistant varieties is the most effective control method and is recommended because it is safe for the environment. The problem to be raised in this study was the use of the same variety of maize in every growing season by farmers. The use of one of these varieties could cause a decrease in yield due to the resistance of the variety to certain pests and diseases.  This study aimed to provide information in the form of the use of sweet maize varieties resistant to leaf blight and potential to be planted in the swampy lowland of South Sumatra. The varieties used in this study were Bonanza F1, MB-01 Sweet and Love Sweet varieties. Based on the results of the study, as a whole the use of several varieties had a significant effect on the severity of leaf blight. The results of this study showed that there were differences in the response to resistance of each variety to leaf blight caused by the fungus Exserohilum turcicum. The observation of disease severity was carried out only in the vegetative phase. The highest disease severity was found in the Bonanza, Love Sweet, and MB-01 Sweet varieties at 16.90%, 9.99% and 7.07% respectively. The production data showed that there was no significant effect on the leaf blight. The MB-01 Sweet variety had the potential to be planted on swampy soil because it had resistance to blight and had a high production rate.

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