scholarly journals Assessment of the Effluents of Basra City Main Water Treatment Plants for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3334
Author(s):  
Suhad Almuktar ◽  
Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan ◽  
Miklas Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
To Come

A severe water scarcity challenge is facing Iraq, which is predominantly due to the absence of water management policies, negatively impacting the water quantity and quality provision from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Moreover, these practices have led to the intrusion of the Arabian Gulf salinity wedge into the Shatt Al-Arab River (SAR), which is the main water source for most water treatment plants (WTPs) in Basra city. In addition, the inadequate management and operation for most WTPs is another reason for the deterioration of water quality provided to Basra province. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of the main WTP within Basra province and to subsequently make recommendations for decision-makers to come up with new management strategies and policies. The effluents from eight WTPs were selected to study the quality of water supply for Basra city during the period between January 2018 and December 2018. The results showed that all WTPs were inadequate to treat raw water for drinking or irrigation purposes mainly due to the very bad raw water quality provided by the SAR as well as the lack of maintenance for such plants, resulting in very low removal efficiencies for various water contaminants.

scholarly journals Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Field Applications of Non-Powered Hydraulic Mixing in Water Treatment Plants

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Tea In Ohm ◽  
Jong Seong Cae ◽  
Meng Yu Zhang ◽  
Jin Chul Joo
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Vertical Shaft ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

In this study, non-powered hydraulic mixing with three layers of baffles and holes was evaluated as an alternative to vertical shaft impellers in a rapid mixing process through both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and field applications. From the CFD modeling, the turbulence (i.e., vortex rings) caused by excess kinetic energy between the inlet and second-layer baffle ensures rapid mixing of the coagulants throughout the total water flow and overcomes the damping effect of the components in a mixing basin. Although optimal inlet velocity needs to be investigated for sufficient mixing between coagulants and pollutants in raw water with relatively low energy consumption and maintenance costs, non-powered hydraulic mixing developed in this study was proved to create strong turbulence and can be applied in any water treatment plants that involves coagulation-flocculation processes. Based on the comparison of the water quality between two water treatment plants using identical raw water and coagulant operated from 2014 to 2016, no difference in water quality of treated water indicated that non-powered hydraulic mixing can be replaced with vertical shaft impellers, hence, both energy consumption and maintenance costs can be reduced. Further study is warranted to optimize non-powered hydraulic mixing for the tradeoff between mixing efficiency and energy consumption in the water treatment plants.

scholarly journals A study on prediction method for ozone dosage and residual ozone concentration in advanced ozone water treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hyung ◽  
K. B. Kim ◽  
M. C. Kim ◽  
I. S. Lee ◽  
J. Y. Koo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Ozone dosage in most water treatment plants is operated by determining the ozone concentration with the experience of the operation. In this case, it is not economical. This study selected the factors affecting residual ozone concentration and attempted to estimate the optimum amount of hydrogen peroxide dosage for the control of the residual ozone concentration by developing a model for the prediction of the residual ozone concentration. The prediction formulas developed in this study can quickly respond to the environment of water quality and surrounding environmental factors, which change in real time, so it is judged that they could be used for the operation of the optimum ozone process, and the control of ozone dosage could be used as a new method in controlling the concentration of ozone dosage and the concentration of residual ozone.

Determination of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Fractions of Natural Organic Matter in Raw Water of Jalalieh and Tehranspars Water Treatment Plants (Tehran)

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 2651-2655 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Zazouli ◽  
S. Nasseri . ◽  
A.H. Mahvi . ◽  
A.R. Mesdaghinia . ◽  
M. Younecian . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

scholarly journals Identifikasi Kualitas Air dan Beban Pencemaran Sungai Bedadung di Intake Instalasi Pengolahan Air PDAM Kabupaten Jember

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Hendra Andiananta Pradana ◽  
Sri Wahyuningsih ◽  
Elida Novita ◽  
Aisyah Humayro ◽  
Bambang Herry Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Grab Sampling ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Salah satu sumber air permukaan yang memiliki peran vital bagi ekosistem perairan dan makhluk hidup adalah sungai. Sungai Bedadung merupakan salah satu sungai besar yang melewati wilayah Perkotaan Kabupaten Jember. Air dari sungai tersebut dimanafaatkan sebagai pemasok air baku untuk PDAM Kabupaten Jember. Akan tetapi akibat tekanan aktivitas antropogenik menurunkan kualitas air sungai tersebut. Pemantauan kualitas air diperlukan sebagai salah satu pertimbangan pengendalian pencemaran pada air sungai tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kondisi kualitas air dan beban pencemaran di intake intalasi pengolahan air (IPA) PDAM Kabupaten Jember.Metode: Pengambilan contoh air secara grab sampling dilakukan di intake IPA Tegal Gede dan IPA Tegal Besar dengan beberapa parameter kualitas air yang diamati yaitu suhu, kekeruhan, TDS, pH, DO, BOD, COD, yang dibandingkan dengan baku mutu Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 tahun 2001 serta debit air yang digunakan untuk menghitung beban pencemaran serta dilanjutkan uji t untuk mengetahui perbandingan kondisi beban pencemaran.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa kualitas air sungai di intake IPA Tegal Gede dan IPA Tegal Besar secara berurutan tergolong kelas I dan III. Nilai COD di intake IPA Tegal Besar tergolong kelas III. Nilai beban pencemaran menujukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kedua intake IPA. Beban pencamaran di IPA Tegal Gede dan Tegal Besar dengan nilai rata-rata secara berurutan yaitu 24,96 kg/hari dan 74,03 kg/hari.Simpulan: Kualitas air Sungai Bedadung berdasarkan parameter fisika dan kimia di intake IPA Tegal Gede di IPA Tegal Besar secara berurutan tergolong kelas I dan III serta kondisi beban pencemaranya beragam.ABSTRACTBackground: River as one of surface water resources has a vital role for ecosystems and organism. Jember Regency Municipal Waterworks utilized the river as water raw resources. However, the pressure of anthropogenic activity decreases the river's water quality. Water quality monitoring is needed as a consideration for pollution controlling in the river. The focus research identified the condition of water quality and pollution load in the water treatment plants (WTP) intake of Jember Regency Municipal Waterworkers.Method: The water sampling by grab sampling was carried out at intake of Tegal Gede and Tegal Besar WTP with several observed pysicochemical parameters i.e temperature, turbidity, TDS, pH, DO, BOD, COD compered with the quality standard of Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 and stream flow for pollution load measurement and continued by t-test to compire the pollution load conditions.Result: The results denote that the water quality in Tegal Gede and Tegal Besar WTP intakes were classified into first (I) and third (III) class. COD caused water quality decreased in intake of Tegal Besar WTP. The t-test of the pollution load represented a significantly difference at the both water treatment plants locations. Pollution load at Tegal Gede and Tegal Besar WTP showed the average values of 24.96 kg/day and 74.03 kg/day. Conclusion: The water quality refer to physicochemical parameter in intake of Tegal Gede and Tegal Besar were categorized WTP into first (I) and third (III) class, furthermore the condition of the pollution load varies.

Bacteriophage removal in water treatment plants

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jofre ◽  
E. Ollé ◽  
F. Lucena ◽  
F. Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

Presence of bacteriophages was evaluated at different stages of two water treatment plants in order to investigate the usefulness of phages as model organisms for assessing the efficiency of the processes. Bacteriophages tested were somatic coliphages, F-specific coliphages and phages infecting Bacteroides fragilis. The presence of human enteric viruses was determined as well in the raw water, the finished water and in samples taken in the distribution network. Results show that in these particular treatment plants, which include prechlorination, phages infecting B. fragilis are more resistant to the treatment processes than the other two phages studied.

Effectively Managing Source Water Quality Affecting Downstream Recycled Water Treatment Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (14) ◽  
pp. 2625-2640
Author(s):  
Alice E. Towey ◽  
John M. Hake ◽  
Erika R. Gardner ◽  
Joseph A. Augustine
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Source Water Quality

scholarly journals Determinantes socioeconómicos de la calidad del agua superficial en México

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (69) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Ibarrarán Viniegra ◽  
Alfonso Mendoza Velázquez ◽  
Cristina Pastrana López ◽  
Erika Jazmín Manzanilla Interian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
National Development ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Different Levels

Resumen: la calidad y la disponibilidad de agua de los ríos en México son cruciales para el desarrollo regional y nacional, pero tienen problemas graves; en 2006, 74 por ciento de las aguas superficiales tenía grados diferentes de contaminación. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la influencia de algunas variables socioeconómicas en la calidad del agua superficial en las regiones hidrológicas administrativas, y proponer acciones para mejorarla. Según el análisis econométrico, la actividad económica y la densidad poblacional perjudican la calidad del agua superficial en dichas regiones. Es poco el efecto del aumento de las plantas de tratamiento de agua en cuanto a la contaminación; el incremento en el caudal tratado es contraproducente para la calidad del agua. Estos elementos presentan aspectos importantes para ser abordados por las políticas públicas.Palabras clave: agua superficial; calidad del agua; contaminación de ríos; cuencas hidrológicas; plantas de tratamiento de agua; política pública; modelos econométricos. Socio-economic determinants of surface water quality in MexicoAbstract: the quality and availability of water in Mexican rivers is critical for regional and national development, but they pose serious problems. In 2006, 74 percent of the surface water in Mexico had different levels of pollution. The objective of this research is to identify the influence of socioeconomic variables in surface water quality on each of the hydrological-administrative regions (hars) and to propose actions in order to improve its quality. After an econometric analysis, results show that surface water quality in the different hars is affected by economic activity and population density. On the other hand, the increase of water treatment plants has little impact on reducing water pollution and the increase of treated water shows a counterproductive effect on water quality. All of these aspects should be considered when designing public policy.Key words: surface water; water quality; pollution of rivers; water basins; water treatment plants; public policy; econometric models.

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