Effects of Lanthanum Modified Bentonite and Polyaluminium Chloride on the Environmental Variables in the Water and Sediment Phosphorus Form in Lake Yanglan, China

The application of lanthanum modified bentonite (Phoslock®) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is popular in the restoration of European temperate lakes; however, the effects of the application on the concentrations of phosphorus (P) in both the water and the sediments have been poorly evaluated to date. We studied the effects of the application of Phoslock® + PAC on the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), particulate phosphorus (PP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophyll a (Chla) in the water, and different P forms in the sediments, in an isolated part of Lake Yanglan. The results showed that the concentrations of TP, PP, SRP, TSS and Chla decreased significantly after the addition of Phoslock® + PAC. Moreover, the concentrations of labile-P, reductant-soluble-P and organic-P in the sediments were also significantly decreased after the Phoslock® + PAC application. However, the concentrations of both the stable apatite-P and residual-P in the sediments after application of Phoslock® + PAC were much higher than the pre-addition values, while the concentrations of metal-oxide-P did not differ significantly between the pre- and post- application conditions. Our findings imply that the combined application of Phoslock® and PAC can be used in the restoration of subtropical shallow lakes, to reduce the concentrations of P in the water and suppress the release of P from the sediments.

Download Full-text

Sediment phosphorus fractionation and flux in a tropical shallow lake

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia ◽

10.1590/s2179-975x9020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

Author(s):

Jéssica Papera ◽

Fabiana Araújo ◽

Vanessa Becker

Keyword(s):

Shallow Lake ◽

Organic Phosphorus ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Oxygen Depletion ◽

Phosphorus Fractionation ◽

P Fractions ◽

P Release ◽

Water And Sediment ◽

Mobile Fraction ◽

Reactive Phosphorus

Abstract: Aim The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential phosphorus (P) release from the sediment to the water column of a tropical shallow lake in the northeast of Brazil, based on the sediment P fractions and on the flux of P between water and sediment. Methods We used a sequential extraction method to analyse the different P fractions of the sediment of Lake Extremoz. We also carried out a 40-day microcosm experiment to analyse the flux of P between water and sediment. We did so by flooding 200g of sediment from the lake with 800 mL of 1.2 µm filtered lake water in 1 L beakers. Every 5 days we analysed: soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), organic phosphorus (Org-P), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, and pH of the water. Results The largest fraction of P in the sediment of Lake Extremoz is Refractory-P, which is non-mobile. The main mobile fraction of this lake’s sediment is composed of P bound to Fe and Mn oxides (BD-P) which is redox sensitive. During the P flux experiment, the water was always oxic and with nearly neutral pH, however the temperature increased by almost 4 °C due to the increase of the temperature of the air. SRP, TP and Org-P concentrations in the water had a general decrease in the first 20 days. But, on the second half of the experiment, those concentrations increased and the fluxes of P from sediment to water, mainly Org-P, were positive. Even with this increase in concentrations, indicating a period of P release, overall fluxes were negative. Conclusions The main mobile fraction of the sediment is redox sensitive, therefore it has the potential to be released in case of oxygen depletion. Under current conditions, most of the P released by the sediment is in organic forms, indicating that, in the presence of oxygen, the balance of P between water and sediment is controlled by the effects of organisms on P as well as temperature.

Download Full-text

Nutrients retention in a small subtropical wetland (México)

Journal of Limnology ◽

10.4081/jlimnol.2016.1363 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 (s1) ◽

Author(s):

Martha B. Rendón-López ◽

M. Luisa Suarez Alonso ◽

Gloria L. Ayala-Ramirez ◽

Yazmin Hernández-Linares ◽

Alberto Gómez-Tagle Chavez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suspended Solids ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Nutrient Retention ◽

Dry Period ◽

Rainy Period ◽

Subtropical Wetland ◽

Macrophyte Community ◽

Tropical Areas ◽

Reactive Phosphorus

In tropical areas very few studies have analysed wetlands’ ability to control nutrients. We analysed the efficiency of the Pátzcuaro subtropical wetland in Mexico to retain nutrients (total phosphorus: TP; soluble reactive phosphorus: PO43-, nitrite: NO2- and nitrate: NO3-) and total suspended solids (TSS) and its temporal variability from November 2011 to October 2012, where two hydrological different periods (dry and wet periods) were included. The results indicate that, annually, this wetland reduced TP, 30.4%; PO43-, 19.2%; NO2-, 2.5%; NO3-, 17.6%; and TSS, 14.7%. However, the reduction % rose to 55.3% for TP and to 47.3% for PO43- during the dry period and to 14.1 % for NO2-, 49% for NO3- and 44.5% for TSS during the rainy period. These results show dependence on the hydrological cycle, although P retention is also related with uptake by a dense macrophyte community and with organic matter accumulation. The results obtained suggest that removal of N is due mainly to denitrification. TSS retention seems to respond to low speed hydraulics and the resistance generated by macrophytes roots and floating plants. Like other studies in temperate environments, this wetland seems to remove more efficiently P than N. Unlike that in temperate environments where the highest nutrient retention occurs in autumn, we found the highest retention values for both NO2- and NO3- during summer (rainy period), and the lowest for P, probably due to release of P for the senescence of wetland plants during this period.

Download Full-text

Spatial–Temporal Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions and Their Relationship in Water–Sediment Phases in the Tuojiang River, China

Water ◽

10.3390/w14010027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Dandan Liu ◽

Xueying Li ◽

Yue Zhang ◽

Zhibo Lu ◽

Lu Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Phosphorus ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Principal Component ◽

Phosphorus Fractions ◽

Primary Data ◽

Particulate Phosphorus ◽

Overlying Water ◽

Water And Sediment

Understanding the distribution and transportation of phosphorus is vital for the sustainable development of aquatic environmental protection and ecological security. The spatial–temporal distribution of phosphorus fractions in water–sediment phases in river systems and their relationships remain unclear in Southwest China. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of phosphorus fractions in water–sediment phases in the Tuojiang River, a primary tributary of the Yangtze River which plays important roles in the economy and ecology of the region, and the relationships among the different phosphorus fractions were analyzed. These fractions were soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), and total particulate phosphorus (PP) fractions in water, and exchangeable phosphorus (Ex-P), organic phosphorus (Or-P), phosphorus bound by Fe oxides (Fe-P), authigenic phosphorus (Ca-P), detrital phosphorus (De-P), and refractory phosphorus (Res-P) fractions in sediment. The SPR and Fe-P were the dominant phosphorus fractions in the water and sediment, respectively. The TP content was greater in the lower reaches than in the middle and upper reaches. The average abundances of most phosphorus fractions in water–sediment phases showed significant seasonal variations. The Fe-P, Org-P, and TP in sediments were released to the water interface, resulting in the increase of phosphorus in the overlying water. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the physicochemical properties of water and sediment have a certain influence on the spatial–temporal distribution of the phosphorus fractions. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the main phosphorus source was anthropogenic activities. These results provide primary data regarding phosphorus fractions and contribute to understanding phosphorus cycling and controlling phosphorus pollution in the Tuojiang River.

Download Full-text

A Comparison of Different Phosphorus Fractions as Predictors of Particulate Pigment Levels in Lake Memphremagog and its Tributaries

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f82-107 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 785-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert Henry Peters ◽

Martin Bergmann

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Particulate Material ◽

Phosphorus Fractions ◽

Particulate Phosphorus ◽

Small Molecular Weight ◽

Large Molecular Weight ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Lake Waters ◽

Total P

The amounts of colored particulate material (measured by reflectance) in surface waters of Lake Memphremagog and its tributaries were regressed against concentrations of total phosphorus and several of its component fractions: soluble phosphorus, particulate phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, orthophosphate, large molecular weight phosphorus (> 5000 mol wt) and small molecular weight phosphorus (< 400 mol wt). The correlations were examined to see if one of these fractions was a better predictor of seston concentration, and presumably of other biologically related lake properties, than total P, and to determine if riverine samples differed from lake waters in the relation between concentrations of P and suspended particulates. Total P correlated with colored particulates in both lotic and lentic samples as well as or better than any other fraction. Although river samples showed greater variation than lake samples, the regression lines describing the relations were similar in both lakes and rivers.Key words: phosphorus fractions, lakes, rivers, empirical models, particulate concentration, seston

Download Full-text

The Integrated Catchments model of Phosphorus dynamics (INCA-P), a new approach for multiple source assessment in heterogeneous river systems: model structure and equations

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-6-583-2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 583-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

A. J. Wade ◽

P. G. Whitehead ◽

D. Butterfield

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Particulate Phosphorus ◽

Model Structure ◽

River Systems ◽

Soil System ◽

Phosphorus Dynamics ◽

Reactive Phosphorus

Abstract. A new model has been developed for assessing the effects of multiple sources of phosphorus on the water quality and aquatic ecology in heterogeneous river systems. The Integrated Catchments model for Phosphorus (INCA-P) is a process-based, mass balance model that simulates the phosphorus dynamics in both the plant/soil system and the stream. The model simulates the spatial variations in phosphorus export from different land use types within a river system using a semi-distributed representation, thereby accounting for the impacts of different land management practices, such as organic and inorganic fertiliser and wastewater applications. The land phase of INCA-P includes a simplified representation of direct runoff, soilwater and groundwater flows, and the soil processes that involve phosphorus. In addition, the model includes a multi-reach in-stream component that routes water down the main river channel. It simulates Organic and Inorganic Phosphorus concentrations in the land phase, and Total Phosphorus (dissolved plus particulate phosphorus) concentrations in the in-stream phase. In-stream Soluble Reactive Phosphorus concentrations are determined from the Total Phosphorus concentrations and the macrophyte, epiphyte and algal biomasses are simulated also. This paper describes the model structure and equations, the limitations and the potential utility of the approach. Keywords: modelling, water quality, phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, basin management

Download Full-text

Changes in water chemistry associated with beaver-impounded coastal marshes of eastern Georgian Bay

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjfas-2012-0431 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 834-840 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Amanda Fracz ◽

Patricia Chow-Fraser

Keyword(s):

Water Chemistry ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Coastal Wetland ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Coastal Marshes ◽

Georgian Bay ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Chemical Conditions ◽

Unique Chemical

Coastal marshes of eastern Georgian Bay contain unique water chemistry that reflects mixing between the relatively ion-rich waters of Georgian Bay and the relatively ion-poor water draining the Canadian Shield landscape. These unique chemical characteristics may be dramatically altered when wetlands become hydrologically disconnected from Georgian Bay through beaver activity. We sampled 35 coastal marshes in Georgian Bay, 17 of which had beaver impoundments built at the outlet of the coastal wetland. Impounded marshes had significantly higher total phosphorus (30.2 versus 15.3 μg·L−1, p = 0.0015), soluble reactive phosphorus, (13.33 versus 3.7 μg·L−1, p ≤ 0.0001), total suspended solids (15.5 versus 2.1 mg·L−1, p ≤ 0.0001), turbidity (5.4 versus 1.6, p = 0.0004), and chlorophyll (6.2 versus 1.9 μg·L−1, p = 0.0004), but significantly lower pH (5.57 versus 6.95, p ≤ 0.0001), nitrates (0.03 versus 0.04 mg·L−1, p = 0.0416), and conductivity (47 versus 134 μS·cm−1, p ≤ 0.0001), indicative of reduced mixing with Georgian Bay. The mosaic of chemical conditions and altered hydrological connectivity associated with beaver impoundments in coastal marshes of Georgian Bay may affect the distribution of other wetland biota, and further studies should be conducted to ascertain these impacts.

Download Full-text

Influence of Catchment and Stream Characteristics on Suspended Solids and Phosphorus Concentrations Across an agriculturally Intensive Watershed in Southern Ontario

10.32920/ryerson.14667957.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arsh Grewal

Keyword(s):

Partial Least Squares Regression ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Flow Conditions ◽

Southern Ontario ◽

Hydrological Characteristics ◽

Creek Watershed ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

The Relationship

The overall objective of this study is to determine the influence of landscape and hydrological characteristics on sub-catchment variability of total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), the ratio of SRP and TP (SRP/TP), and total suspended solids (TSS). Fourteen longitudinal synoptic surveys were conducted for 13 sampling sites over a variety of flow conditions in the Innisfil Creek watershed located in southern Ontario. The surveys were split into baseflow and stormflow and partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to analyze the relationship between watershed and hydrological characteristics, median concentrations of phosphorus, and TSS. The PLSR models indicate that buried tile drainage might be a major source of SRP in Innisfil Creek, while bank erosion is likely a dominant source of TSS. The results of this study can serve as the basis for future adaptive management experiments that seek to improve water quality in Innisfil Creek and beyond.

Download Full-text

Influence of Catchment and Stream Characteristics on Suspended Solids and Phosphorus Concentrations Across an agriculturally Intensive Watershed in Southern Ontario

10.32920/ryerson.14667957 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arsh Grewal

Keyword(s):

Partial Least Squares Regression ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Flow Conditions ◽

Southern Ontario ◽

Hydrological Characteristics ◽

Creek Watershed ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Toward a versatile flow technique: Development and application of reverse flow dual-injection analysis (rFDIA) for determining dissolved iron redox species and soluble reactive phosphorus in seawater

Talanta ◽

10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122404 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 232 ◽

pp. 122404

Author(s):

Luodan Chen ◽

Jin Xu ◽

Ting Wang ◽

Yongming Huang ◽

Dongxing Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reverse Flow ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Redox Species ◽

Dissolved Iron ◽

Dual Injection ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Iron Redox ◽

Technique Development

Download Full-text

Seasonal Variations of Phosphorus Species in the Overlying and Pore Waters of the Tuohe River, China

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/6727239 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Qing Xu ◽

Xiaoping Yu ◽

Yafei Guo ◽

Tianlong Deng ◽

Yu-Wei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variations ◽

Yangtze River ◽

Algal Bloom ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Pore Waters ◽

Phosphorus Species ◽

Dissolved Phosphorus ◽

Vertical Distributions ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Main Factor

Overlying sediment and pore waters were collected in summer and winter at upstream (Jintang) and downstream (Neijiang) sites of the Tuohe River, which is one of the five largest tributaries of the Yangtze River in China. Phosphorus species, including soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), soluble unreactive phosphorus (SUP), and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and some diagenetic constituents including dissolved Fe(II), Mn(II), and sulfide in overlying and pore waters, were measured systematically. The seasonal variations and vertical distributions of phosphorus species in overlying and pore waters at both sampling sites were obtained to elucidate some aspects of the transport and transformations of phosphorus. Based on the profiles of pore and overlying waters as well as the TDN/TDP data during an algal bloom in 2007, it was clearly demonstrated that phosphorus was the main factor limiting the phytoplankton growth in the Tuohe River.

Download Full-text