scholarly journals The Effect of Multi-Years Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Dryland Carbon Sequestration in the North China Plain

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3260
Author(s):  
Yanbing Chi ◽  
Qiang Zheng ◽  
Peiling Yang ◽  
Shumei Ren ◽  
Ning Ma
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The North ◽  
Ch4 Uptake ◽  
Reclaimed Water Irrigation

Reclaimed water is an alternative water source which could alleviate the shortage of water resources in agricultural systems. Many researchers have studied the effect of reclaimed water on soil environment, crop yield, etc. However, carbon sequestration in reclaimed water irrigated agricultural systems is less studied. This study investigates methane uptake and photosynthesis in reclaimed water irrigation systems contributing to carbon sequestration estimation and analyzes the important factors impacting them. The results show that CH4 uptake is related to soil water-filled pore space (WFPS) with a quadratic and it has the highest uptake when WFPS is between 40 and 50%. Long-term reclaimed water irrigation could significantly decrease (p < 0.05) CH4 uptake and macroaggregate stability in the topsoil. However, reclaimed water had no significant impact on photosynthesis in comparison. The type of fertilizer is an important factor which impacts CH4 emission from soil; urea had a lower CH4 uptake and a higher CO2 emission than slow-released fertilizer. Overall, reclaimed water irrigation could effectively decrease soil carbon sequestration. A soil wetted proportion level of 40–50% was recommended in this study for favorable methane oxidation. Slow-released fertilizer in reclaimed water irrigated agriculture could better control soil carbon emission and soil carbon absorption.

scholarly journals Impact of Long-Term Reclaimed Water Irrigation on the Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil: An In-Situ Experiment Study in the North China Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Gu ◽  
Yong Xiao ◽  
Shiyang Yin ◽  
Honglu Liu ◽  
Baohui Men ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
In Situ Experiment ◽  
The North ◽  
Reclaimed Water Irrigation

The widespread use of reclaimed water has alleviated the water resource crisis worldwide, but long-term use of reclaimed water for irrigation, especially in agricultural countries, might threaten the soil environment and further affect groundwater quality. An in-situ experiment had been carried out in the North China Plain, which aimed to reveal the impact of long-term reclaimed water irrigation on soil properties and distribution of potentially toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn and Pb) in the soil profile as well as shallow groundwater. Four land plots were irrigated with different quantity of reclaimed water to represent 0, 13, 22 and 35 years’ irrigation duration. Pollution Load Index (PLI) values of each soil layer were calculated to further assess the pollution status of irrigated soils by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Results showed that long-term reclaimed water irrigation caused appreciable increase of organic matter content, and might improve the soil quality. High soil organic matter concentrations conduced to high adsorption and retention capacity of the soils toward PTEs, which could reduce the risk of PTEs leaching into deep layers or shallow groundwater. Highest levels of Cr, Pb and Zn were observed at 200–240 cm and 460–500 cm horizons in plots. Longer irrigation time (35 years and 22 years) resulted in a decreasing trend of As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn in lower part of soil profiles (>540 cm) compared with that with 13-years’ irrigation years. Long-term reclaimed water irrigation still brought about increases in concentrations of some elements in deep soil layer although their content in soils and shallow groundwater was below the national standard. Totally speaking, proper management for reclaimed water irrigation, such as reduction of irrigation volume and rate of reclaimed water, was still needed when a very long irrigation period was performed.

Reclaimed water irrigation: Accumulation of contaminants of emerging concern in food crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ponce Robles ◽  
Daniel Bañón Gómez ◽  
Antonio José García García ◽  
Francisco Pedrero Salcedo ◽  
Pedro Antonio Nortes Tortosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Contaminants Of Emerging Concern

&lt;p&gt;Irrigated agriculture is a predominant economic activity in many areas of the Mediterranean region. &amp;#160;However, water scarcity and restrictions on the use of fresh water resources in high agricultural production regions, endangers sustainable agricultural development. &amp;#160;So, alternative water resources are necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The use of reclaimed water for agriculture irrigation makes available a low-cost water source, providing an additional source of nutrients for the plants, helping to reduce the amount and costs associated with the consumption of synthetic fertilizers in agriculture. However, this practice is not a remedy for water scarcity free of disadvantages. Among them, the presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is one of the most worrying to the scientific community. The problem with these compounds is that they are not completely removed during wastewater treatment, which makes their long-term consequences unpredictable. On the other hand, the absorption and bioaccumulation of CECs in food crops is a matter still to be clarified.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this work, the absorption capacity, accumulation and persistence of a selected group of CECs in real crops (baby lettuce) irrigated with reclaimed water from a WWTP were evaluated. Results showed different behaviors depending on CECs properties and concentrations, indicating a progressive accumulation when the culture time increased. So, the chemical quality of reclaimed water is a key issue in safe agricultural irrigation.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Using Reclaimed Water to Irrigate Turfgrass – Lessons Learned from Research with Phosphorus

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hochmuth ◽  
Jinghua Fan ◽  
Jason Kruse ◽  
Jerry Sartain
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Reclaimed Water Irrigation ◽  
Soil And Water

Municipal wastes are treated at a wastewater treatment facility to produce biosolids and reclaimed water. Reclaimed water treated by filtration and chlorination is safe to use for designated purposes, such as residential landscape irrigation. Florida began using reclaimed water in 1966, and it is a leading state for using reclaimed water. Approximately 660 million gallons of reclaimed water are used every day in Florida, and the state encourages using reclaimed water as an alternative water source to reduce the pressure on potable water supplies. This 3-page fact sheet summarizes the results of a recent research project and provides research-based information for improving nutrient and water management with reclaimed water irrigation of turfgrass. Written by George Hochmuth, Jinghua Fan, Jason Kruse, and Jerry Sartain, and published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, November 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss592

scholarly journals Using Reclaimed Water to Irrigate Turfgrass – Lessons Learned from Research with Nitrogen

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hochmuth ◽  
Jinghua Fan ◽  
Jason Kruse ◽  
Jerry Sartain
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Reclaimed Water Irrigation ◽  
Soil And Water

Municipal wastes are treated at a wastewater treatment facility to produce biosolids and reclaimed water. Reclaimed water treated by filtration and chlorination is safe to use for designated purposes, such as residential landscape irrigation. Florida began using reclaimed water in 1966, and it is a leading state for using reclaimed water. Approximately 660 million gallons of reclaimed water are used every day in Florida, and the state encourages using reclaimed water as an alternative water source to reduce the pressure on potable water supplies. This 5-page fact sheet summarizes the results of a recent research project and provides research-based information for improving nutrient and water management with reclaimed water irrigation of turfgrass. Written by George Hochmuth, Jinghua Fan, Jason Kruse, and Jerry Sartain, and published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, November 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss591

scholarly journals Ornamental Plant Response to Percentage of Reclaimed Water Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1610-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Yeager ◽  
Joseph K. von Merveldt ◽  
Claudia A. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Plant Foliage ◽  
Ilex Vomitoria ◽  
Reclaimed Water Irrigation

Vinca [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don], salvia (Salvia splendens F. Sellow ex Roem. and Schult.), Dwarf Yaupon holly (Ilex vomitoria Ait. ‘Nana’), and ‘Helleri’ holly (Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Helleri’) were grown in 2.3-L containers with soilless substrates in a greenhouse. Irrigation was applied as needed to the substrate surface or applied to the substrate surface and applied over plant foliage. Irrigation for both application methods was composed of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% reclaimed water (processed sewage) with deionized water composing the remainder. Shoot dry weights of marketable-sized plants were either larger or similar when 100% reclaimed water was used compared with 0% reclaimed water (deionized). Root dry weights exhibited a similar response except for salvia roots that were smaller with 100% reclaimed water irrigation regardless of application method. Leachate NO3-N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) generally decreased throughout the experiments for vinca and Dwarf Yaupon holly and were highest at experiment midpoint for ‘Helleri’ holly and lowest for salvia. Leachate electrical conductivities (ECs) were generally highest at experiment termination for vinca and salvia, whereas ECs of Dwarf Yaupon and ‘Helleri’ holly tended to peak at experimental midpoint and then decrease slightly at termination. ECs were usually less than 2 dS·m−1 except at experimental midpoint (4.5 months) for ‘Helleri’ holly. Based on the response of plants in this research, high-quality reclaimed water is a viable water source for annual and woody container-grown nursery crops.

Sustainable Management of Soil for Carbon Sequestration

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewat Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Carbon Stabilization ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
C Stocks

Mechanisms governing carbon stabilization in soils have received a great deal of attention in recent years due to their relevance in the global carbon cycle. Two thirds of the global terrestrial organic C stocks in ecosystems are stored in below ground components as terrestrial carbon pools in soils. Furthermore, mean residence time of soil organic carbon pools have slowest turnover rates in terrestrial ecosystems and thus there is vast potential to sequester atmospheric CO2 in soil ecosystems. Depending upon soil management practices it can be served as source or sink for atmospheric CO2. Sustainable management systems and practices such as conservation agriculture, agroforestry and application of biochar are emerging and promising tools for soil carbon sequestration. Increasing soil carbon storage in a system simultaneously improves the soil health by increase in infiltration rate, soil biota and fertility, nutrient cycling and decrease in soil erosion process, soil compaction and C emissions. Henceforth, it is vital to scientifically explore the mechanisms governing C flux in soils which is poorly understood in different ecosystems under anthropogenic interventions making soil as a potential sink for atmospheric CO2 to mitigate climate change. Henceforth, present paper aims to review basic mechanism governing carbon stabilization in soils and new practices and technological developments in agricultural and forest sciences for C sequestration in terrestrial soil ecosystems.

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