scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Beach Cleanliness Assessment to Support Marine Litter Management in Tropical Destinations

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3455
Author(s):  
Camilo M. Botero ◽  
Diana Tamayo ◽  
Seweryn Zielinski ◽  
Giorgio Anfuso
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Beach Litter ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Sound Management

In addition to its ecological and recreational relevance, beach cleanliness is also one of the five most important aspects (i.e., the “Big Five”) for beach visitors around the world. Nonetheless, few efforts have been carried out to guide the sound management of this rising issue. This paper presents a quantitative and qualitative method to assess the level of beach cleanliness, in order to allow managers to focus their attention on the environmental management of the most frequent and relevant types of litter in tropical areas. In a first step, a survey on users’ perception was applied to 361 beachgoers in eight beaches in Colombia to identify the most relevant types of beach litter and the weighting factors to obtain quantitative calculations. In a second step, the thirteen categories of litter identified were analyzed in relation to beach cleanliness, origin of litter, and environmental impact, to define its individual weighting importance. Some categories were also selected according to particularities of tropical countries, such as the presence of abundant natural vegetation debris and gross polystyrene items, largely transported by rivers in great quantities. In a third step, the method was then tested at eight beaches in the Caribbean coast of Colombia through a period of four months, during which 192 transect samplings were carried out. The qualitative module of the proposed technique, named Beach Litter Assessment Technique—Qualitative and Quantitative (BLAT-QQ), identified the main types of beach litter and the quantitative module gave an overview on the state of beach cleanliness. The method is demonstrated to be quick and effective in diagnosing beach cleanliness, providing a simple instrument to carry out sound environmental management actions in coastal destinations.

scholarly journals A Survey of Marine Coastal Litters around Zhoushan Island, China and Their Impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Xuehua Ma ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Luyi Yang ◽  
Jianfeng Tong
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Beach Litter ◽  
The Impact

Rapid development of the economy increased marine litter around Zhoushan Island. Social-ecological scenario studies can help to develop strategies to adapt to such change. To investigate the present situation of marine litter pollution, a stratified random sampling (StRS) method was applied to survey the distribution of marine coastal litters around Zhoushan Island. A univariate analysis of variance was conducted to access the amount of litter in different landforms that include mudflats, artificial and rocky beaches. In addition, two questionnaires were designed for local fishermen and tourists to provide social scenarios. The results showed that the distribution of litter in different landforms was significantly different, while the distribution of litter in different sampling points had no significant difference. The StRS survey showed to be a valuable method for giving a relative overview of beach litter around Zhoushan Island with less effort in a future survey. The questionnaire feedbacks helped to understand the source of marine litter and showed the impact on the local environment and economy. Based on the social-ecological scenarios, governance recommendations were provided in this paper.

scholarly journals An Integrated Coastal Sediment Management Plan: The Example of the Tuscany Region (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Pranzini ◽  
Irene Cinelli ◽  
Luigi E. Cipriani ◽  
Giorgio Anfuso
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Sediment Management ◽  
Coastal Sediment ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Human Effects ◽  
Sufficient Magnitude ◽  
Sound Management

This paper presents the results of a study carried out to support the Region of Tuscany Coastal Sediment Management Plan, with the main aim of establishing the sediment budget considering the time span from 1981–1985 to 2005 for the 56 coastal sectors into which the 215 km-long continental sandy coast of Tuscany (Italy) was divided. The sand stability (according to a stability index) and colour compatibility (according to the CIEL*a*b* colour space with an acceptability range conforming to national guidelines) were determined in order to assess the possibility of using the available sediment in accreting sectors to nourish the beach in eroding areas. Only in two cases—i.e., the updrift of a harbour (at Viareggio) and in a convergence zone (at Marina di Pietrasanta)—are the volumes of sufficient magnitude to support a large nourishment project; however, the mean sand size is too small to guarantee efficient nourishment, even with medium-term stability. In contrast, the colour difference, in most of the cases, was shown to be acceptable. Other small sediment stocks, suitable for colour but not for grain size, can be used for periodic ephemeral nourishment works to support seasonal tourist activities. The limited resources available make it necessary to adopt a plan for their optimal use from a regional perspective. This kind of study is of great interest for the proposal of sound management actions to counteract the increasing erosion processes linked to climate change phenomena and human effects on rivers and coastal systems.

Temporal distribution and population structure of two congeneric species ofCucullanus(Nematoda: Cucullanidae) inOrthopristis ruberin Venezuela

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Bashirullah ◽  
M.T. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Fish Hosts

AbstractThe qualitative and quantitative parameters of temporal distribution ofCucullanus tripapillatusandCucullanus chrysophrydesin the intestine ofOrthopristis ruberin the Caribbean Sea on the north of Margarita Island, Venezuela were analysed. A total of 540 fish were collected at random from the catch of commercial trawlers during 1982–83 and 1992–93. Both species ofCucullanuswere found throughout the year; prevalence and mean intensity ofC. tripapillatuswere higher than that ofC. chrysophrydes. A significant difference was found in infection between the two years of sampling. Female worms were more abundant than male in both years. Both species exhibited pronounced prevalence and maturity in September and March of each year, indicating seasonality. The patterns of occurrence of the two species ofCucullanusinO. ruberdid not change in the 10-year interval but the host size and number of parasites declined, which may be due to over-exploitation of definitive fish hosts.

scholarly journals Arthropod Pests, Plant Diseases and Abiotic Disorders and their Management on Viburnum Species in the Southeastern U.S.: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Sarah A. White ◽  
Anthony LeBude ◽  
Amy Fulcher ◽  
Nicole Ward Gauthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Industry Professionals

The genus Viburnum encompasses a group of about 150 species of evergreen, semi-evergreen or deciduous trees and large shrubs. Viburnums are native to temperate, subtropical and tropical areas of southeastern Asia, eastern North America, Central America, the Caribbean and parts of South America. Native and nonnative Viburnum species have become prominent landscape plants in the southeastern United States due to their beauty, utility, relative ease of maintenance and broad adaptability to the region's climate and soils. Efficient management of viburnum pests to maintain healthy viburnum plants in nurseries and landscape settings is crucial for sustaining the economic competitiveness and profitability of green industry professionals competing in the horticulture marketplace. Diversity of species within the genus, however, is vast, and can contribute to many host-pest complexes that differ among growing environments and cause severe economic or aesthetic losses. Additionally, some abiotic disorders may mimic biotic damage or may render viburnum more susceptible to pests and diseases. This review focuses on viburnum culture in production and landscape settings with an emphasis on major insect and mite pests, plant diseases and abiotic disorders affecting management of Viburnum species in nursery and landscape settings.

scholarly journals The Flouting of Grice’s Conversational Maxims in Pirates of the Caribbean 1-5

Lexicon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krismona Apriyani ◽  
Thomas Joko Priyo Sembodo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Maxim Of Quality

This research is aimed to investigate maxim floutings uttered by the pirate characters in Pirates of the Caribbean movie series. The goals of this research are to identify and classify the maxim flouting within the movie series, to describe how the pirate characters flout the Grice’s maxim, and also to discover the purpose of the maxim flouting itself. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze the data. The result shows that there are 39 cases of maxim flouting with 4 cases (10.3%) of flouting the maxim of Quantity, 13 cases (33.3%) of flouting the maxim of Quality, 16 cases (41.0%) of flouting the maxim of Relation, and 6 cases (15.4%) of flouting the maxim of Manner. The pirates tend to give too much information, simply say something which does not represent what they think by using: metaphor, irony, sarcasm, and hyperbole, give irrelevant answers, and also give ambiguous answers. There are several purposes of maxim flouting found in this movie series. They are: insulting, giving warning, challenging other characters, boasting about oneself, telling about facts, informing plans, convincing, expressing seriousness, demanding respect, expressing insincerity, expressing love, expressing disappointment, giving advice, expressing happiness, creating fear, creating humor, and avoiding making others sad.

scholarly journals KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH BELAJAR SISWA DI MAN RUKOH BANDA ACEH

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Hazrullah Hazrullah ◽  
Furqan Furqan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Banda Aceh ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Competency is a standard of ability required to describe both qualitative and quantitative qualifications of a person. It also underlies the execution of professional duties or technical skills. A person is declared competent in a particular area if he masters the skills related to his field of work. To carry out his duties, a counseling teacher at MAN Rukoh Banda Aceh must perform his job professionally so that the counseling guidance process works well. This research discusses the professional competencies that must be owned by a counseling teacher to solve the learning problems experienced by students at MAN Rukoh Banda Aceh. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data is obtained from observation, interview, and documentation. The results showed that counseling teachers at MAN Rukoh have a relevant educational background. Eventually, they have professionally done their work and also responsibly solve student's problems. The counseling teachers at MAN Rukoh Banda Aceh provide individual services for students so that their learning problems can be solved well.

Karakteristik Mazmur Pujian

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Darto Sachius
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Hebrew Poetry ◽  
The Third ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Language Style ◽  
Different Types

The study is titled characteristics Psalm of Praise. This study will seek and discover the characteristics and principles of psalm praise in the Book of Psalms. To discover the characteristics of the Praise Psalm used qualitative rather than experimental research methods. This qualitative method can also be used for reflective speculators. With four steps: analyzing the passage according to its elements, the second step is to recognize the language style of poetry and stories that are historical, the third reveals the original meaning of Hebrew poetry, the fourth looks for the characteristics of the Hebrew satra of the author's motives and goals. So that preserved by this method can be formulated characteristics from the Psalm of Praise. There are three important things to remember in the Psalm of praise is, first the Psalm of praise begins with an invitation to worship The Lord, The second psalm of praise continues by giving a description of the reasons why God is worthy of praise. Third is the psalm praise usually includes and sometimes ends with a further invitation to praise God therefore the proper title is the characteristics Psalm of Praise so that the awkwardness of distinguishing the interpretation of different types of psalm can be well cleared.

EMODnet Chemistry new and consolidated large scale cooperation actions for 2020 and beyond

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Giorgetti ◽  
Chiara Altobelli ◽  
François Galgani ◽  
Georg Hanke ◽  
Neil Holdsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Data Portal ◽  
Beach Litter ◽  
Oceanographic Data ◽  
Marine Data ◽  
The Eu

<p>EMODnet Chemistry is one of the seven thematic portals of EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data Network), the long-term initiative aiming to ensure that European marine data are findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable. EMODnet was launched by DG MARE in 2009 as the pillar of the Blue Growth strategy, Marine Knowledge 2020.</p><p>Eutrophication (e.g. nutrients, oxygen and chlorophyll), contaminants (e.g. hydrocarbons, pesticides, heavy metals, antifoulants) and marine litter (e.g. beach litter, seafloor litter and floating micro litter) are the main categories of quality assured marine data sets and data products made available through the EMODnet Chemistry portal.</p><p>45 marine research and monitoring institutes and oceanographic data management experts from 30 countries comprise the EMODnet Chemistry network, including National Oceanographic Data Centres (NODC), National Environmental Monitoring Agencies and Marine Research Institutes actively involved in managing, processing and providing access to data sets from European marine waters and global oceans.</p><p>During 2020 EMODnet Chemistry consolidated fundamental international collaborations and upgraded cooperation actions on the European and global level to share and harmonize data, knowledge and services, following decision-makers’ needs to implement EU directives, such as MSFD, MSPD, INSPIRE directive, and the Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations</p><p>Main EMODnet Chemistry 2020 transnational cooperation actions are:</p><ul><li>The MSFD Technical Group on Marine Litter used the EMODnet Chemistry Marine Litter Database to compute the EU beach litter quantitative Baselines and Threshold values.</li> <li>The European Environment Agency confirmed the use of EMODnet Chemistry data for three environmental state indicators relating to eutrophication and contaminants.</li> <li>Mercator Ocean International and EMODnet Chemistry set up the first joint portfolio of products in support of the MSFD implementation. The two partners are also exploring opportunities to support the aquaculture sector.</li> <li>EMODnet -Chemistry and the In Situ Thematic Assembly Centre of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS INSTAC) collaborated with ENVRI Marine European Research Infrastructures (Euro-Argo, EMSO, ICOS, Lifewatch and SeaDataNet) to enhance FAIRness of in situ data.</li> <li>Mercator Ocean international, UNDESA, SULITEST NGO and EMODnet Chemistry have been creating an awareness questionnaire to raise awareness on the Goal 14 of the UN Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development.</li> <li>The EU asked EMODnet Chemistry to share its experience at the G20 workshop on harmonized monitoring and data compilation of marine plastic litter organized by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan.</li> <li>The international Oxygen data portal and Ocean Acidification data portal received contributions from EMODnet Chemistry and CMEMS in situ TAC for their implementation.</li> <li>The National Marine Data and Information Service of China collaborates with EMODnet to strengthen international ocean data through the EMOD-PACE project.</li> </ul>

East Meets West

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Jeppesen
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
East And West

This chapter breaks down the artificial historiographical and archival dichotomy between ‘east and west’ by exposing the multiple and intricate connections that facilitated the systematic transfer of people, capital and goods between the Atlantic and Indian Ocean worlds. It will suggest that if we reorient our gaze from the economic structures of slavery and focus instead upon the family as a lens through which to explore Britain’s imperial engagement during this period, it is possible to reveal a far more interconnected and intimate vision of empire than is often credited. It will offer both a qualitative and quantitative survey of the scope of connections between the Caribbean, Britain and East India Company, alongside a consideration of how the structure of the archive can be negotiated in order to explore these questions. Finally, to provide substance and depth to these claims the chapter will offer a detailed case study of the Martins of Antigua.

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