Preparation of a Novel Activated Carbon from Cassava Sludge for the High-Efficiency Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium in Potable Water: Adsorption Performance and Mechanism Insight

Particularly, because of the leakage risk of metal elements from sludge carbon, little attention has been focused on using sludge activated carbon as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from contaminated water sources. Herein, a novel sludge carbon derived from dewatered cassava sludge was synthesized by pyrolysis using ZnCl2 as an activator at the optimal conditions. The prepared sludge activated carbon possessed a large BET surface (509.03 m2/g), demonstrating an efficient removal for Cr (VI). Although the time to reach equilibrium was extended by increasing the initial Cr (VI) concentration, the adsorption process was completed within 3 h. The kinetics of adsorption agreed with the Elovich model. The whole adsorption rate was controlled by both film and intra-particle diffusion. The Cr (VI) removal efficiency increased with elevating temperature, and the adsorption equilibrium process followed the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption occurred spontaneously with endothermic nature. The removal mechanism of Cr (VI) on the prepared sludge activated carbon depended highly on solution pH, involving pore filling, electrostatic attraction, reduction, and ion exchange. The trace leakage of metal elements after use was confirmed. Therefore, the prepared sludge activated carbon was considered to be a highly potential adsorbent for Cr (VI) removal from contaminated raw water.

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Application of the intra-particle diffusion model for activated carbon fibers in an aqueous medium

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2012.311 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1373 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Teresa Ramírez-Rodríguez ◽

Fray de Landa Castillo-Alvarado

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Diffusion Model ◽

Carbon Fibers ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Particle Diffusion ◽

Activated Carbon Fibers ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Intra Particle Diffusion ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTThe intra-particle diffusion model (IPD), proposed by Weber and Morris has been applied to the analysis of the kinetics of adsorption on activated carbon fibers with phosphate groups in the removal of cadmium ions in aqueous media. It is evident that the removal of cadmium ion kinetic model of pseudo-second order provides a better fit than the model of pseudo-first order and the intra-particle diffusion model provides the best to the sample compared activating solution: grams fibers of 1:3.

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Adsorption of Bisphenol-A by HDTMA Modified Clinoptilolite

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.717 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71-78 ◽

pp. 717-721

Author(s):

Hong Yu Wang ◽

Hang Li Zhang ◽

Qian Zhao ◽

Hui Fei Huang

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Rate Constant ◽

Absorption Rate ◽

Ph Value ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Ammonium Bromide ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Modified Clinoptilolite ◽

Kinetics Of

The adsorption of bisphenol-A (BPA) by hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMA) modified clinoptilolite was presented. In this paper, the equilibrium adsorption of BPA by HDTMA modified clinoptilolite was described by Freundlich isotherm with a correlation coefficient's square (R2) of 0.988. The kinetics of adsorption was defined by second-order kinetics with a rate constant (Kv) of 1.98 g/mg/h. The absorption rate was fast, and the liquid solid equilibrium was accomplished within 180 minutes. The effects of initial solution pH, and reaction temperatures had been estimated, showing that the adsorption was enhanced gradually by increasing pH value.

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A novel biochar derived from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) roots could remove norfloxacin and chlortetracycline efficiently

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.494 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

pp. 3307-3318 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tingting Qin ◽

Zhaowei Wang ◽

Xiaoyun Xie ◽

Chaoran Xie ◽

Junmin Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Low Cost ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Intra Particle Diffusion

Abstract The biochar was prepared by pyrolyzing the roots of cauliflowers, at a temperature of 500 °C under oxygen-limited conditions. The structure and characteristics of the biochar were examined using scanning electron microscopy, an energy dispersive spectrometer, a zeta potential analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effects of the temperature, the initial pH, antibiotic concentration, and contact time on the adsorption of norfloxacin (NOR) and chlortetracycline (CTC) onto the biochar were investigated. The adsorption kinetics of NOR and CTC onto the biochar followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and intra-particle diffusion models. The adsorption isotherm experimental data were well fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacities of NOR and CTC were 31.15 and 81.30 mg/g, respectively. There was little difference between the effects of initial solution pH (4.0–10.0) on the adsorption of NOR or CTC onto the biochar because of the buffering effect. The biochar could remove NOR and CTC efficiently in aqueous solutions because of its large specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, and particular porous structure. Therefore, it could be used as an excellent adsorbent material because of its low cost and high efficiency and the extensive availability of the raw materials.

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Equilibrium and kinetics of adsorption of phosphate onto iron-doped activated carbon

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-012-0799-y ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 2908-2917 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Zhengfang Wang ◽

Er Nie ◽

Jihua Li ◽

Mo Yang ◽

Yongjun Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Iron Doped ◽

Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

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Kinetics of Adsorption on Activated Carbon: I. Single‐Solute Systems

Journal of Environmental Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1987)113:4(764) ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 113 (4) ◽

pp. 764-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Joachim Fettig ◽

Heinrich Sontheimer

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Kinetics Of

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Characteristics and adsorption study of the activated carbon derived from municipal sewage sludge

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.352 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (7) ◽

pp. 1697-1705 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tiecheng Guo ◽

Sicong Yao ◽

Hengli Chen ◽

Xin Yu ◽

Meicheng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Adsorptive Capacity ◽

Solution Ph

Sewage sludge-based activated carbon is proved to be an efficient and low-cost adsorbent in treatment of various industrial wastewaters. The produced carbon had a well-developed pore structure and relatively low Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. Adsorptive capacity of typical pollutants, i.e. copper Cu(II) and methylene blue (MB) on the carbon was studied. Adsorptions were affected by the initial solution pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. Results showed that adsorption of Cu(II) and MB on the produced carbon could reach equilibrium after 240 min. The average removal rate for Cu(II) on the carbon was high, up to 97% in weak acidic conditions (pH = 4–6) and around 98% for MB in a very wide pH range (pH = 2–12). The adsorption kinetics were well fitted by the pseudo-second order model, and both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could well describe the adsorption process at room temperature. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) and MB on sewage sludge-based activated carbon were 114.94 mg/g and 125 mg/g, respectively. Compared with commercial carbon, the sewage sludge-based carbon was more suitable for heavy metal ions’ removal than dyes’.

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Kinetics of adsorption of phenolic compounds from wastewater onto activated carbon

Carbon ◽

10.1016/0008-6223(93)90005-u ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 691-697 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

G. Calleja ◽

J. Serna ◽

J. Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Kinetics Of

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Removal of fluoride from aqueous solution by adsorption onto Kanuma mud

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2010.472 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (8) ◽

pp. 1888-1897 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Nan Chen ◽

Zhenya Zhang ◽

Chuanping Feng ◽

Miao Li ◽

Rongzhi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Process ◽

Fluoride Concentration ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Intra Particle Diffusion ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Solid Liquid Interface ◽

Solid Liquid

Kanuma mud, a geomaterial, is used as an adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from water. The influences of contact time, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluoride concentration and co-existing ions were investigated by batch equilibration studies. The rate of adsorption was rapid with equilibrium being attained after about 2 h, and the maximum removal of fluoride was obtained at pH 5.0–8.0. The Freundlich isotherm model was found to represent the measured adsorption data well. The negative value of the thermodynamic parameter ΔG suggests the adsorption of fluoride by Kanuma mud was spontaneous, the endothermic nature of adsorption was confirmed by the positive ΔH value. The negative ΔS value for adsorbent denoted decreased randomness at the solid/liquid interface. The adsorption process using Kanuma mud followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Fluoride uptake by the Kanuma mud was a complex process and intra-particle diffusion played a major role in the adsorption process. It was found that adsorbed fluoride could be easily desorbed by washing the adsorbent with a solution of pH 12. This indicates the material could be easily recycled.

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