scholarly journals The Effect of Sol-Gel Coatings on the Phosphorus (P) Adsorption Capacity of Calcareous Materials for Use in Water Treatment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Solvei Mundbjerg Jensen ◽  
Helmer Søhoel ◽  
Frances Helen Blaikie ◽  
Hans Brix ◽  
Carlos A. Arias
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Coated Materials ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems ◽  
P Removal

(1) Phosphorus (P) removal has proven difficult in decentralized wastewater treatment systems, and P binding material, installed as an external filter, has been proposed for improving P removal. Especially, calcium (Ca)-rich materials have shown promising results. (2) Five calcareous materials were tested with isotherm batch experiments. The material with the highest P adsorption capacity was selected to undergo different Sol-Gel coatings, i.e., different coating dilution ratios (1:10, 1:5, and 1:1) and exposure periods (5, 10, and 15 min). The seven coated materials were evaluated by isotherm experiments. (3) The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) was determined by fitting the Langmuir equation. Qmax for the non-coated materials, and ranged from 0.7 (sand) to 35.1 (Catsan) mg P g−1 DW, while the coated materials ranged from 7.8 to 24.7 mg P g−1 DW depending on the coating. Based on the rotated Principal Component Analysis, the most important parameters for Qmax were the texture and the Ca content. (4) Catsan was the most promising material, but when performing a Sol-Gel coating, a trade-off between preserving Qmax and the coating thickness were evident, as the materials with the thinner coating preserved more of the sorption capacity. The development of P binding materials constitutes a useful technology in decentralized wastewater treatment systems.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Iron- and Calcium-Impregnated Biochar in Adsorbing Phosphate From Wastewater in Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar S. Dalahmeh ◽  
Ylva Stenström ◽  
Mohamed Jebrane ◽  
Lars D. Hylander ◽  
Geoffrey Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Onsite Wastewater ◽  
Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems ◽  
Onsite Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Iron And Calcium ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

This study evaluated the potential of biochar impregnated with Fe3+ or Ca2+, or mixed with Polonite®, as a filter material for removal of phosphate (PO4-P) from wastewater in onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS). Four treatments with biochar were investigated: unimpregnated biochar (UBC), biochar impregnated with iron Fe3+ (FBC), biochar impregnated with calcium oxide (CBC), and biochar mixed with Polonite® (PBC). In a batch experiment using phosphate solution at concentrations 0.5, 3.3, 6.5, 13, and 26 mg PO4-P L–1, adsorption of PO4-P in the different treatments was modeled using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Column filters (5 diameter × 55 cm height) packed with UBC, FBC, CBC, and PBC were then furnished with raw wastewater over 148 weeks. During this experiment, adsorption of PO4-P was investigated in response to increasing hydraulic loading rate (HLR; 56, 74, and 112 L m–2 day–1) and increasing phosphate loading rate (PLR; 195, 324, 653, and 1715 mg PO4-P m–2 day–1). Among the materials, FBC had the highest maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) based on Langmuir isotherms (3.21 ± 0.01 mg g–1). FBC and CBC showed robust performance with increasing HLR, while increasing PLR increased the amount of PO4-P retained in all filters. After 148 weeks of operation, removal of PO4-P (averaged over the last 18 weeks of operation) was 13 ± 16% for UBC, 40 ± 20% for CBC, 88 ± 12% for FBC, and 30 ± 18% for PBC. The PO4-P amount retained in filters over the 148 weeks was 84.75, 221.75, 358.38, and 152.36 g m–2 in UBC, CBC, FBC, and PBC, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the filters after 148 weeks was 1.50, 4.02, 6.41, and 2.75 mg g–1 for UBC, CBC, FBC, and PBC, respectively. The adsorption capacity values and breakthrough curves showed that low concentrations (i.e., <2.6 mg L–1) of PO4-P in wastewater would allow the FBC filter to remain active for 58 months and the CBC filter for 15 months, before PO4-P removal declined to <70%. In conclusion, biochar impregnated with iron and calcium is a promising solution for removal of PO4-P from wastewater in OWTS.

History and Current Situation of Night Soil Treatment Systems and Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems in Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
X.M. Yang ◽  
A. Morita ◽  
I. Nakano ◽  
Y. Kushida ◽  
H. Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

In Japan, night soil, or black water, was formerly used as fertilizer for agriculture. However, during the rapid economic growth that took place after 1960, chemical fertilizers began to be adopted for agriculture and night soil was almost abandoned. How to treat the excess of night soil then became a big challenge to tackle. From that time a variety of night soil treatment technologies have been developed and the Japanese government has actively promoted the construction of night soil treatment facilities all over the country. As measures for domestic wastewater treatment, sewerage systems were spread in high-density urban areas, while a decentralized system called johkasou was diffused in rural areas with low population density. Johkasou is a unique system that was devised in Japan and mainly treats domestic wastewater on-site. Night soil treatment systems and decentralized wastewater treatment systems used in Japan are introduced in this paper, in the hope that the experience acquired in Japan will contribute to improve the sanitation conditions in other countries.

Evaluation of sanitation and wastewater treatment technologies: case studies from India

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Starkl ◽  
T. A. Stenström ◽  
E. Roma ◽  
M. Phansalkar ◽  
R. K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

This paper reports about the results of an evaluation of selected sanitation systems in India. The following sanitation systems were evaluated: septic tanks, communal Ecosan systems, biogas toilets, solid immobilized biofilters, multiple stage filtration and decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DEWATS). The evaluation has been based on an initial assessment looking at whether the systems comply with their intended benefits, and more in depth evaluations on cultural, economic and/or hygienic aspects where the initial assessment has not provided sufficient knowledge. The evaluation showed that all sanitation systems were well accepted by the users. The highest hygienic risk is present in septic tanks, where sludge handling poses a high risk for persons handling it.

Evaluación de la eficiencia en el tratamiento de aguas residuales para riego mediante humedales Artificiales de flujo libre superficial (FLS) con las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis, en Carapongo-Lurigancho

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Dianella Torres Guerra ◽  
Jennifer Sheyla Magno Vargas ◽  
Raquel Rocio Pineda Aguirre ◽  
Milda Amparo Cruz Huaranga
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la eficiencia de las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis en el tratamiento de aguas residuales con Humedales Artificiales a escala piloto de flujo libre superficial (FLS) en el agua para riego de Carapongo-Lurigancho. Para su evaluación se midieron parámetros como: DBO (270 mg/l); Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes (16x107 NMP/100ml), pH (7.8); Temperatura (21°C), Turbidez (130 UNT); los cálculos necesarios como las dimensiones, tiempo de retención hidráulica y velocidad de flujo del sistema son una adaptación de Crites yTchobanoglous, llamado Small Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems. De acuerdo a la Categoría 3: Riego de vegetales y bebida de animales de los ECA para agua D.S. 002-2001.MINAM, los parámetros deben ser: DBO (15ml/L), Coliformes totales (5 000 NMP/100ml) y Coliformes Termotolerantes (1000 NMP/100ml), pH (6.5-8.5). La efectividad del sistema de humedales un 80% de remoción, mientras que para a la determinación de eficiencia de las especies, Cyperus Papyrus tiene mayor remoción en la calidad de DBO y turbidez un 77% mayor a Phragmites Australis, mientras ésta un 30 % mayor en la remoción Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes.

scholarly journals Adsorpsi Asam Humat pada Zeolit Alam yang Dimodifikasi dengan TiO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Upita Septiani ◽  
Fiska Julian Tasari ◽  
Zilfa Zilfa
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Silica Alumina

This research modified natural zeolite with TiO2 synthesized by the sol-gel process which was applied as a humic acid adsorbent. The purpose of this study was to coat natural zeolites with TiO2 to increase the adsorption capacity of natural zeolites as humic acid adsorbents. The natural zeolite powders were obtained from Kabupaten Solok, West Sumatra, based on X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis, the ratio of silica/alumina (Si/Al) was 4.35, indicating that natural zeolite was clinoptilolite zeolite. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed natural zeolite has a rough surface with closed pores while zeolite coated with TiO2 (zeolite/TiO2) has a homogeneous, smooth surface with open pore. The results of the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that the level of TiO2 was 7.1%, this result showed that TiO2 has been coated on the surface of the zeolite. Natural zeolite and zeolite/TiO2 were applied as humic acid adsorbents. Maximum adsorption capacity of natural zeolites and zeolites/TiO2 were 0.2787 mg/g and 1.199 mg/g, respectively.

scholarly journals Identification of polyphosphate accumulating bacteria from pilot- and full scale nutrient removal activated sludges

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Blaise William Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
System Response ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems ◽  
P Removal

General removal of phosphorus (P) from wastewater was introduced in Scandanavia in the late 1960's. At that time it was believed that P alone was limiting to algal growth and that the sole removal of P would solve the problem of eutrophication. However, we now know that both P and nitrogen (N) contribute to this deleterious effect and as such, much research has been conducted concerned with both the biological and chemical removal of these nutrients from sewage effluents. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), which is basically the biological accumulation of soluble P (as polyphosphate or poly-P) from the bulk liquid in excess of normal metabolic requirements, still tends to be sensitive to many external parameters and, as such, is subject to fluctuations. This makes it extremely difficult for wastewater treatment installations to achieve and maintain full compliance with strict discharge regulations. A more comprehensive understanding of the microbial community within the mixed liquor of a wastewater treatment system is therefore required which will ultimately assist in improving system design and performance. Chemical and civil engineers, when designing biological wastewater treatment systems, consider only the processes (biological or chemical) taking place within the reactor/s with little or no regard for the individual microbial species or the entire microbial community involved. Process design appears to be tackled empirically from a 'black box' approach; biological reactions or processes occurring within a system such as wastewater treatment are all lumped together and attributed to a single surrogate organism ie., the response of the surrogate to certain stimuli accounts for the total system response. This is similar to an analogy which Professor George Ekama (Dept of Civil Engineering, UCT), a leading scientist in wastewater treatment and process design, refers to where engineers, if, for example, are confronted with modelling the dynamics of carbon dioxide utilisation ofa forest, would recognise the accumulative system response and not give cognisance to each individual tree's contribution. It is true that if one had to consider every microbial species present in a highly organised community such as activated sludge, process models, designed to make quantitative and qualitative predictions as to the expected effluent quality from a particular design, would become increasingly complex and superfluous. It is evident from the countless accomplishments that engineers have succeeded, to a certain degree, in modelling wastewater treatment systems. One only has to consider the tremendous success of biological P (bio-P) removal and nitrification/denitrification processes at full-scale. However, there are limitations to this empirical approach and EBPR processes occasionally deteriorate in phosphate removal efficiency. In order to further optimise biological processes, whether they be organics oxidation, bio-P removal, nitrification or denitrification, biological community analyses will have to play a more significant role in design. The better microbial community structure and function is understood, the better the control and management of the system. With the advent of improved microbial identification and enumeration (to a certain extent) techniques (in situ), it was considered significant to investigate the mechanism ofbio-P removal and to elucidate which bacteria are actively responsible for this process. To this end, experimental work was conducted in two phases: \xAE laboratory, where samples of mixed liquor were obtained from a full-scale wastewater treatment facility exhibiting biological nutrient removal (BNR) characteristics and @ pilot plant, where an enhanced culture ofpolyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO's) was developed and probed using molecular identification and enumeration techniques (as well as a cultivation-dependent approach). During phase \xAE of experimentat

Linking phosphorus sorption and magnetic susceptibility in clays and tropical soils

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Poggere ◽  
V. Barrón ◽  
A. V. Inda ◽  
J. Z. Barbosa ◽  
A. D. B. Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
P Desorption

Maghemite (Mh) and magnetic susceptibility have been little studied in relation to phosphorus (P) sorption, despite the fact that tropical soils – particularly those derived from mafic rocks – may contain substantial amounts of this iron oxide. In this work, we investigated the relationship between P adsorption and magnetic susceptibility in tropical soils, and determined the maximum adsorption capacity of P (MACP) and P desorption in seven pedogenic clays from magnetic soils with contrasting parent materials and three synthetic Mh samples. Considering the heterogeneity of the soil dataset in this study, the exclusive adoption of magnetic susceptibility as an indicator of P adsorption potential in soil remains uncertain. The relationship between magnetic susceptibility and adsorbed P was more evident in the B horizon of red soils from basic igneous rocks. In this group, soils with magnetic susceptibility above 20 × 10−6 m3 kg−1 had high adsorbed P. Although the pedogenic clays exhibited lower MACP values (1353–2570 mg kg–1) than the synthetic Mh samples (3786–4321 mg kg–1), P desorption exhibited the opposite trend (~14% vs ~8%). The substantial P adsorption capacity of synthetic Mh confirmed the adsorption data for pedogenic clays, which were strongly influenced by magnetic susceptibility, Mh and gibbsite contents, and specific surface area.

Evaluación de la eficiencia en el tratamiento de aguas residuales para riego mediante humedales Artificiales de flujo libre superficial (FLS) con las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis, en Carapongo-Lurigancho

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Dianella Torres Guerra ◽  
Jennifer Sheyla Magno Vargas ◽  
Raquel Rocio Pineda Aguirre ◽  
Milda Amparo Cruz Huaranga
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la eficiencia de las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis en el tratamiento de aguas residuales con Humedales Artificiales a escala piloto de flujo libre superficial (FLS) en el agua para riego de Carapongo-Lurigancho. Para su evaluación se midieron parámetros como: DBO (270 mg/l); Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes (16x107 NMP/100ml), pH (7.8); Temperatura (21°C), Turbidez (130 UNT); los cálculos necesarios como las dimensiones, tiempo de retención hidráulica y velocidad de flujo del sistema son una adaptación de Crites yTchobanoglous, llamado Small Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems. De acuerdo a la Categoría 3: Riego de vegetales y bebida de animales de los ECA para agua D.S. 002-2001.MINAM, los parámetros deben ser: DBO (15ml/L), Coliformes totales (5 000 NMP/100ml) y Coliformes Termotolerantes (1000 NMP/100ml), pH (6.5-8.5). La efectividad del sistema de humedales un 80% de remoción, mientras que para a la determinación de eficiencia de las especies, Cyperus Papyrus tiene mayor remoción en la calidad de DBO y turbidez un 77% mayor a Phragmites Australis, mientras ésta un 30 % mayor en la remoción Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document