The use of cardiointervalography in the diagnosis of lesions of the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Vladimirovich Skvortsov ◽  
Ekaterina Mikhailovna Skvortsova ◽  
Dariya Nikolaevna Zadumina ◽  
Daniil Alekseevich Shtonda
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
The State ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Cardiointervalography is a method for assessing the state of the mechanisms of regulation of the physiological functions of the body, used in the diagnosis of lesions of the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system. The article tells about the main reference points for general practitioners and cardiologists who are faced with the application of this method.

scholarly journals Functional state of the autonomic nervous system, adaptation, homeostasis and reactivity of the organism in the clinic of tuberculosis and sarcoidosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
A I Loshakova ◽  
O N Brazhenko ◽  
N A Brazhenko ◽  
S G Zheleznyak ◽  
N V Tsygan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
High Tension ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Complex Therapy

In recent decades, the shift in priority in the treatment of patients with pulmonary granulomatosis in the direction of etiotropic therapy and reduced attention to the state of the macroorganism led to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment. In modern conditions, when carrying out complex therapy for patients with tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, insufficient attention is paid to the state and dynamics of adaptation, resistance, homeostasis and reactivity of the organism. At the same time, the dynamics of these processes in patients is insignificant, the homeostatic balance of the organism is not restored, and the reactivity of the organism remains at the pathological level, with the predominance of paradoxical, hyporeactive and areactive types. This is due to the continuing influence on the regulatory centers of the vegetative system of not diagnosed, latent, ongoing tuberculosis intoxication. Undetected specific intoxication causes in patients activation of the sympathetic department, suppression of parasympathetic and development of dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Its dysfunction leads to a decrease in vascular supply of the organism, a high tension of anabolic processes, and a further change in the functional activity of both parts of this system when pathology develops. In addition, the emergence of vegetative dysfunction leads to a high consumption of plastic materials, energy resources, a decrease in the functional reserves of the body, a decrease and depletion of the body’s defense systems, its anti-inflammatory potential and the reactivity of the organism as a whole. These changes lead to an extension of the main course of treatment and the formation of expressed residual tubercular and sarcoidosis in the respiratory organs. To restore these disorders, it is necessary to carry out complex therapy with the inclusion of a personified appointment of activators of protective systems under the control of monitoring their effectiveness.

Change of skin electrical activity during osteopathic correction with the use of biodynamical approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Novikov ◽  
A. R. Shaiakhmetov ◽  
G. M. Musina
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Contact Exposure ◽  
Correlation Coeffi

Introduction. In connection with the widespread introduction of osteopathy into practical medicine, new facts confi rming its effectiveness are appearing. These facts need theoretical justifi cation. The biodynamic approach is the least studied and scientifi cally proven approach in osteopathy. There are only a few works describing the benefi cial effects of this type of treatment on the autonomic nervous system based on an assessment of heart rate variability. One of the most sensitive indicators of changes in the state of the body is the electrical activity of the skin (EAS), which is widely used in modern polygraphic devices.Goal of research — to investigate the EAS in the physician and in the patient during the session of craniosacral biodynamics (CSB).Materials and methods. The study involved 32 patients who were randomly divided into 2 groups — control group (10 patients) and main group (22 patients). In the control group there were 8 women and 2 men aged from 20 to 65 years (mean age 42±20 years). In the main group, 16 women and 6 men aged from 18 to 68 years (mean age 40±16 years) were examined. Two professional certifi ed computerized polygraphs «Chris» were used, simultaneously recording the EAS values of the doctor and the patient. In the main group, the background indicators were recorded at the fi rst stage (10 minutes), then the procedure of the CSB, which lasted 20 minutes, was recordered. The control group was used only for registration of EAS. At the same time, patients were in the same conditions as in the main group.Results. During the CSB, the state of both the doctor (p<0,001) and the patient (p<0,001) has changed signifi cantly. At the same time, the tendency of changes in individual indicators of EAS in patients during treatment was logical. The altered state of the physician practically did not depend on its original level (p>0,05). However, there was a high relationship between the states of the doctor during contact and non-contact treatment (correlation coeffi cient 0,80, p<0,001). The patient′s initial condition had a moderate, statistically signifi cant relationship with his condition during the treatment (p<0,001). Since the beginning of the craniosacral biodynamics, the patient′s condition has hardly changed. At the same time, the contactless impact on the patient′s body was comparable with the contact effect (correlation coeffi cient 0,97, p<0,001). There was no signifi cant relationship between the states of the physician and the patient before the beginning of the treatment (correlation coeffi cient 0,18, p>0,05). However, in the process of craniosacral biodynamics, a statistically signifi cant relationship was formed between them with a correlation coeffi cient for non-contact exposure equal to 0,49 (p<0,01) and for contact exposure — 0,34 (p<0,05). Biodynamic treatment statistically signifi cantly improved the state of the autonomic nervous system.Conclusion. The study of the electrical activity of the skin in craniosacral biodynamics is a highly informative method, which allows to verify and quantify the changes occurring in the patient and in the physician during the treatment.

Features of the functional state of professionally significant body systems of operators and machinists of a petrochemical enterprise depending on their work experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
S. V. Movergoz ◽  
E. V. Bulycheva
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Conflict Of Interests ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Petrochemical Enterprise

Introduction. As a result of large-scale modernization of technological processes, the organism of workers in the petrochemical industry is affected by low intensity factors. With an increase in exposure time under the influence of such factors, the response of the body is characterized by various changes in physiological status, however, until now, medical examinations of workers in petrochemical enterprises have a clinical focus. In this regard, it becomes extremely important to systematically study the physiological functions of workers, considering their working experience for early detection of the adverse effects of the work environment and the development of effective preventive measures.The aim of the study is to evaluate the features of the functional state of the organism of operators and operators of a petrochemical enterprise, depending on the length of service.Materials and methods. To identify the features of the functional state of the body, 78 operators and 68 drivers, depending on the length of service, were divided into three subgroups. The functional state of the central, autonomic nervous and cardiovascular systems was studied, and the level of biological adaptation and working capacity of workers were determined. The functional state of the central nervous system is assessed by indicators of the functional level of the nervous system, the stability of the nervous reaction, the level of functionality of the formed functional system and the level of performance on the hardware-soft ware complex.Results. It was revealed that with an increase in seniority, the operators of the petrochemical enterprise changed the indicators of the functional state of the body, as evidenced by a decrease in the time of simple visual-motor reaction by 1.5 times, an increase in the rates of sympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system by 1.7 times, and an increase in 1.4 times the adequacy of regulation processes against a 1.7-fold increase in the vegetative rhythm indicator, which characterize increased disorganization in the intersystem interactions of central and an independent contour of regulation of physiological functions. With an increase in seniority, typists noted an increase in the parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system by 1.3 times, as well as an increase in the autonomic regulation rate by 1.2 times, which indicates a strengthening of the autonomous regulation loop by physiological functions.Conclusions. The workers of the main professions of the petrochemical enterprise with an increase in their seniority noted the development of long-term adaptation, which is confirmed by a decrease in the number of workers with an unsatisfactory level of adaptation and an increase in operators and drivers with a normal level of working capacity.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

CORRECTION OF AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION IN YOUNG WOMEN BY OPTIMIZATION OF COMPONENT BODY COMPOSITION

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2569-2574
Author(s):  
Oksana P. Kentesh ◽  
Marianna I. Nemesh ◽  
Olga S. Palamarchuk ◽  
Yulianna M. Savka ◽  
Yaroslava I. Slyvka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Weight Correction

The aim: The article aims toevaluate the possibility of optimizing the state of the autonomic nervous system in almost healthy young females with different component body composition through physicalactivity and sensible nutrition. Materials and methods: The study involved 30 young females. Body weight of women was measured both before and after the proposed weight correction program. Such parameters as body mass index (BMI, kg / m2),fat mass percentage(FMP,%),visceral fat content (VF,unit) and fat free mass content (FFM, %) using a bioimpedance analyser “TANITA BC-601”were measured. Also, the study of the state of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) based on the registration of the rhythmogram using the computer hardware complex “CARDIOLAB” (HAI – Medica) was carried out. Results: Analysis of the results of the study revealed that the regulation of functions in women with suboptimal ratio of adipose and muscle tissues in the body was carried out mainly through suprasegmental levels of regulation (VLF%) and was accompanied by a decrease in the activity of segmental autonomic influences.At the same time, the theoretical assumption about the possibility of correction of autonomic disorders by normalizing adipose and muscle tissueswas experimentally confirmed.Under the influence of a two-month program of body weight correction an increase in the functional activity of the autonomic control loop and improvement of the internal structure of the spectrum of neuroautonomicregulation (reduction of VLF-oscillations and increase of LF-effects and HF-effects) in the examined women were observed. Conclusions: Thus, physical activity and sensible nutrition have a positive effect on the rheology of adipose tissue and the mechanisms of regulation of body functions, so they can be used to correct their disorders.

Emotional processing and the autonomic nervous system: a comprehensive meta-analytic investigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Silva Moreira ◽  
Pedro Chaves ◽  
Nuno Dias ◽  
Patrício Costa ◽  
Pedro Rocha Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Skin Conductance Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Analytic Investigation ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Conductance Level

Background: The search for autonomic correlates of emotional processing has been a matter of interest for the scientific community with the goal of identifying the physiological basis of emotion. Despite an extensive state-of-the-art exploring the correlates of emotion, there is no absolute consensus regarding how the body processes an affective state.Objectives: In this work, we aimed to aggregate the literature of psychophysiological studies in the context of emotional induction. Methods: For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analytic investigation, comparing different measures from the electrodermal, cardiovascular, respiratory and facial systems across emotional categories/dimensions. Two-hundred and ninety-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were quantitatively pooled in random-effects meta-analytic modelling. Results: Heart rate and skin conductance level were the most reported psychophysiological measures. Overall, there was a negligible differentiation between emotional categories with respect to the pooled estimates. Of note, considerable amount of between-studies’ heterogeneity was found in the meta-analytic aggregation. Self-reported ratings of emotional arousal were found to be associated with specific autonomic-nervous system (ANS) indices, particularly with the variation of the skin conductance level. Conclusions: Despite this clear association, there is still a considerable amount of unexplained variability that raises the need for more fine-grained analysis to be implemented in future research in this field.

scholarly journals Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions

Vision ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Feipeng Wu ◽  
Yin Zhao ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerves ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
New Research ◽  
Almost All

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) confers neural control of the entire body, mainly through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. Several studies have observed that the physiological functions of the eye (pupil size, lens accommodation, ocular circulation, and intraocular pressure regulation) are precisely regulated by the ANS. Almost all parts of the eye have autonomic innervation for the regulation of local homeostasis through synergy and antagonism. With the advent of new research methods, novel anatomical characteristics and numerous physiological processes have been elucidated. Herein, we summarize the anatomical and physiological functions of the ANS in the eye within the context of its intrinsic connections. This review provides novel insights into ocular studies.

DYNAMICS OF SERUM PROTEIN CONTENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CHICKENS WITH DIFFERENT TONUS OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Studenok ◽  
◽  
E .O. Shnurenko ◽  
V. O. Trokoz ◽  
V. I. Karposkyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

The main role in maintaining the functioning of the body, its growth, and development belongs to protein. It is involved in the formation of the muscular skeleton and is s part of enzymes, neurotransmitters, hormones. The effect of the autonomic nervous system on total protein metabolism has not been sufficiently studied. It is known that the autonomic nervous system is a structure that is responsible for the homeostasis and stability of the whole organism. It participates in the regulation of the heart, endocrine and external secretion glands, gastrointestinal tract, excretory organs, and more. In our studies, it was found that in chickens of Cobb 500 strain with different tones of the autonomic nervous system during the growing period from the 35th to the 60th day, different contents of total protein, albumin, and globulins were observed and different body weights were recorded. Vagotonic chickens showed the lowest protein metabolism at the age of 35 and 45 days (P ˂ 0.05–0.001) compared with sympathicotonics and normotonics, which tended to increase between 35 and 60 days of rearing compared with other groups of birds, where the studied protein fractions on the contrary decreased. Correlations between total protein, albumin, and bird body weight had a high linear relationship in all groups of chickens (P ˂ 0.05–0.001) and a negative relationship between the 45th and 60th days of rearing in sympathicotonics and normotonics. In birds with a predominance of parasympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system, this correlation maintained its direction with high reliability (P ˂ 0.05) between body weight and total protein on the 60th day of rearing.

Blood Pressure and Orthostatic Hypotension: Faints, Near-Faints, and Lightheadedness

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eric Ahlskog
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Neurodegenerative Process

Case example: Mrs. H. feels lightheaded intermittently during the day. This happens exclusively when she is up and about. Sometimes she notes graying of vision with these episodes. The feeling is not spinning (i.e., not vertigo). She has fainted twice when standing in line at the grocery store. If she sits, she feels much better. It is worse in the morning but may recur any time of the day. She feels fine while lying in bed at night. Older adults often worry about high blood pressure (BP), yet the opposite problem, low BP, is common among those with DLB or PDD. This is because the Lewy neurodegenerative process impairs the autonomic nervous system. The specific condition that may afflict those with DLB or PDD is orthostatic hypotension. The term orthostatic implies the upright position (i.e., standing); hypotension translates into low BP. Thus, the low BP occurring in these Lewy disorders develops in the upright position; conversely, it is normal or even high when lying down. When standing or walking, the BP may drop so low that fainting occurs. Among people with orthostatic hypotension, the BP is normal when sitting, although in severe cases, even the sitting BP is low. Whereas most people with DLB or PDD do not experience symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, it is sufficiently frequent to deserve attention. It often goes undiagnosed, even when fainting occurs. Unrecognized orthostatic hypotension may limit activities and impair the person’s quality of life. The first half of this chapter provides further background, with focus on BP measurement and recognition of orthostatic hypotension. The last half addresses treatment. The normal autonomic nervous system senses the position of our body with respect to the pull of gravity. It is able to reflexively counter gravity’s downward pull on the blood volume when standing (gravity tends to draw blood toward our feet when standing). An important mechanism for countering gravity’s pull is the constriction of blood vessel diameter in the lower half of the body. These vessels reflexively constrict during standing, in effect forcing blood up to the brain. The autonomic nervous system mediates these and other reflexive changes to stabilize BP.

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