Depression and tobacco smoking (analytical review). Part 2

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Sergey Zinovievich Savin ◽  
Evgeniya Valerievna Solodkaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors

In the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and the consequent suicidal behavior, an important role belongs to the neurochemical processes and structures of the central nervous system. An analytical study of Russian and foreign literature was carried out to obtain information about the relationship between neurochemical factors in the development of depressive disorders and to elucidate the causes and risk factors of suicidal behavior due to depression and an unhealthy habit common among young people, i.e. tobacco smoking. A systematic search of scientific publications on the neurobiological aspects of the research into the causes and risk factors of depressive spectrum disorders was carried out. The analysis of the results of relevant neurobiological studies in the field of etiology and formation of depressive disorders with suicidal behavior contributes to the development of effective means of prevention and treatment of depressive spectrum disorders.

Depression and tobacco smoking (analytical review). Part 1

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Sergey Zinovievich Savin ◽  
Evgeniya Valerievna Solodkaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors

In the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and the consequent suicidal behavior, an important role belongs to the neurochemical processes and structures of the central nervous system. An analytical study of Russian and foreign literature was carried out to obtain information about the relationship between neurochemical factors in the development of depressive disorders and to elucidate the causes and risk factors of suicidal behavior due to depression and an unhealthy habit common among young people, i.e. tobacco smoking. A systematic search of scientific publications on the neurobiological aspects of the research into the causes and risk factors of depressive spectrum disorders was carried out. The analysis of the results of relevant neurobiological studies in the field of etiology and formation of depressive disorders with suicidal behavior contributes to the development of effective means of prevention and treatment of depressive spectrum disorders.

The role of polymorphisms of the serotoninergic genes in the pathogenesis of depression and suicidal behavior (analytical review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Serotonin System ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The Central Nervous System

In pathogenesis of the depressed disorders with suicidal behavior an important role belongs not only to мicro- and macrosocial factors but also to the pathology of genes encoding the neuron structures of the central nervous system, as the recent studies have shown. The most studied genes associated with the symptoms of anxiety and depression as well as suicidal behavior are the genes of the serotonin system, the so-called conveyers of serotonin: 5-HTT (SLC6A4), 5-HTR2A, 2a (HTR2A), 2С (HTR2C), TPH1 and ТРН2. The presented analytical review is devoted to the current genetic studies on etiology and dvelopment of depressive disorders with a suicidal behaviour.

Suicide

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly C. Cukrowicz ◽  
Erin K. Poindexter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Recent Treatment

Suicide is a significant concern for clinicians working with clients experiencing major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous research has indicated that MDD is the diagnosis more frequently associated with suicide, with approximately two-thirds of those who die by suicide suffering from depression at the time of death by suicide. This chapter reviews data regarding the prevalence of suicidal behavior among those with depressive disorders. It then reviews risk factors for suicide ideation, self-injury, and death by suicide. Finally, the chapter provides an empirical overview of treatment studies aimed at decreasing risk for suicide, as well as an overview of several recent treatment approaches showing promise in the reduction of suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals Adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Sultana Jahan ◽  
A F M Rezaul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Family Adversity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Effective Prevention

Suicide among adolescent has emerged as a major public health issue in many low and middle-income (LAMI) countries. Suicidal behavior including ideation and attempt are the most important predictors of completed suicide and offer critical points for intervention. This article reviews recent population and national data based studies of adolescent suicide and suicide attempters for analyzing risk factors for adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior. According to WHO estimates, 800,000 suicide deaths occurred worldwide in 2016 and it is the third leading cause of death for 15-19 year olds. The suicide rate in Bangladesh was 5.9 per 100,000 population in 2016 (4.7 for males and 7.0 for females). Approximately, 90 percent of suicide cases meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder, particularly major depression, substance abuse and prior suicide attempts are strongly related to adolescent suicides. The relationship between psychiatric disorders and adolescent suicide is now well established. Factors related to family adversity, social alienation and precipitating problems also contribute to the risk of suicide. The main target of effective prevention of adolescent suicides is to reduce suicide risk factors. Recognition and effective management and control of psychiatric disorders, e.g. depression, are essential in preventing adolescent suicides. Research on the treatment of diagnosed depressive disorders and of those with suicidal behavior is reviewed.

RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION OF CERVICAL CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-516
Author(s):  
Vladimir Levshin ◽  
A. Zavelskaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Analytical Review

An analytical review of research in the field of epidemiology and carcinogenesis of cervical cancer and measures and technologies for the prevention of this form of cancer has been carried out. There are considered data on the main proven risk factors for cervical cancer, which are as follows: certain characteristics of sexual behavior and reproductive history, sexual infections and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), tobacco smoking and some other lifestyle characteristics. According to world reference data the analysis of existing methods of cervical cancer prevention including sanitation, HPV vaccination and various types of screening for cervical cancer was conducted. Data on the significance, effectiveness and availability of various preventive technologies are presented.

Studies of depressive spectrum disorders caused by sleep deprivation in conditions of chronic desynchronosis (analytical review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
E.A. Levkova ◽  
S. Z. Savin ◽  
N. E. Kosykh
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
Time Zones ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

This review examines fundamental approaches to studying the phenomena of pendulum-like chronic desynchronosis in conditions of multi-latitude movement without adaptation in extreme time zones. The article analyzes works on psychophysiological and chronobiological aspects of depressive disorders in the regime of multi-latitude pendulum-like movements in conditions of impossibility of biorhythmological adaptation at the limiting points of the flight. Effective proposals of means and measures for elimination of psychosomatic consequences of chronic desynchronosis and compensation of depressive spectrum disorders are presented.

Autism and suicidality: Review of risk factors in literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S602-S602
Author(s):  
A. Hooijer ◽  
B. Sizoo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Adults With Asd

IntroductionThere is emerging evidence that suicide and suicidal behavior frequently occur in people with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), although this topic is largely understudied. We have little understanding of suicidal behavior among individuals with ASD and there are no empirical data to guide practitioners in the treatment of suicidality in persons with ASD. There is a need to investigate risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in persons with ASD, to improve prevention strategies and interventions.ObjectivesTo get an overview from literature of risk factors for suicidality in individuals with ASD.MethodsReview of the literature using Cochrane Collaboration Centre, Embase, Medline, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science.ResultsIn the literature, we found that, among already known risk factors like comorbid depression, an underlying vulnerability in personality may be a risk factor for suicidal behavior. Several studies showed that a high score on the temperament factor ‘novelty seeking’ and ‘harm avoidance’ is associated with suicidality. In other studies, where suicidality was not an object of study, adults with ASD showed high scores on ‘harm avoidance’ and low scores on ‘novelty seeking’. This suggests that personality profiles may be of predictive value for suicidality in adults with ASD. A study proposal focused on this possible association be presented.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Validity of Proxy-Based Reports of Impulsivity and Aggression in Chinese Research on Suicidal Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Michael R. Phillips ◽  
Kenneth R. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Community Controls

Background: In studies about the risk factors for suicidal behavior, the assessment of impulsiveness and aggression often depend on information from proxy informants. Aims: To assess the validity of proxy informants’ reports on impulsiveness and aggression in China. Methods: Modified Chinese versions of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-CV) and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ-CV) were administered to 131 suicide attempters treated at a hospital in rural China, to coresident relatives about the attempters, to 131 matched community controls, and to coresident relatives about the controls. Results: BIS-CV and AQ-CV total scores and subscale scores were all significantly higher for suicide attempters than for matched controls. Proxy informants considered subjects slightly more impulsive and aggressive than the subjects reported themselves. Subject-proxy concordance for total BIS-CV and AQ-CV scores were excellent for both attempters and controls (ICCs = 0.76–0.83). Concordance for the three BIS-CV subscales was 0.74–0.81 for attempters and 0.74–0.83 for controls. Concordance for the five AQ-CV subscales was 0.66–0.85 for attempters and 0.56–0.82 for controls. Limitations: Results are based on respondents from a single location in rural China. Conclusions: The results support the validity of the BIS-CV and AQ-CV and of research on suicidal behavior in China that uses proxy-based reports of impulsiveness and aggression.

Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document