Development of the zooplankton community in the growing ponds of the Novosibirsk region when growing carp fingerlings using the probiotic “Sibmos-PRO”

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Elena Vital’evna Pishchenko ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Moruzi ◽  
Valentina Sergeevna Osipova ◽  
Oksana Andreyevna Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Reservoir Temperature ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Molecular Compounds ◽  
Secondary Link

Quantitative characteristics of the zooplankton community in cyprinid growth ponds were studied. As a method of stimulating the growth and development of hydrobionts, the introduction of probiotic into water and feed was used. It was taken into account that zooplankton is the main and significant part of the natural food base for young carp grown in ponds. At the early stages of ontogenesis, the activity of digestive enzymes in carp is extremely low, the larva practically does not assimilate high-molecular compounds [7]. At the same time, zooplankton is a secondary link in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems, and plays an important role in their functioning and structure. Changes in plankton fauna can lead to modification of the aquatic ecosystem [18]. The development and existence of zooplankton pond communities during the growing season is influenced by a combination of abiotic and biotic factors, in particular: the composition and abundance of ichthyofauna, fluctuations in the water level in the reservoir, temperature, «flowering» of water, etc. Due to a set of indicators, and the strengthening or weakening of certain factors, it is possible to observe changes in the seasonal dynamics of zooplankton communities, which are more uneven than progressive. In the conducted research on the use of the probiotic Sibmos-Pro-antimicrobial feed concentrate based on mananoligosaccharides (obtained from yeast cell walls) in combination with the bacteria Bacillus Subtilis and Bacillus Licheniformis. Its introduction was carried out both in feed and in feed and water. Studies have shown that, judging by the productivity of carp and zooplankton biomass, the probiotic is absorbed by hydrobionts and affects the increase in the number and productivity of crustaceans. The level of development of the natural food supply increases, which ensures an increase in fish production. The structure of the zooplankton community changes under the influence of probiotics.

scholarly journals The seasonal change of zooplankton communities in ecological black tiger shrimp ponds at Tam Giang commune, Nam Can district, Ca Mau province

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-714
Author(s):  
Diem My Tran Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Black Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Total Species

Zooplankton is a secondary consumer in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. They are closely related to the nutrient content and play a vital role in the nursing of many aquatic species, particularly in the larval stage including black tiger shrimp. Therefore, an expedition study has been conducted to investigate the seasonal changes in the zooplankton community at several ecological black tiger shrimp ponds in Ca Mau mangroves, considering the potential for use as an additional natural food source in shrimp pond. Samples were collected in 8 shrimp ponds in two times of the year (July and November). The results were recorded 24 species belonging to 20 genera, 12 families, 3 phylla and 3 kinds of larval zooplankton. The results were recorded 6 groups of zooplankton in ponds in July, but in November the Rotatoria group did not appear in any ponds. Zooplankton densities varied from 16592 to 53330 individuals / m3. In particular, the Copepoda order occupied more than 50% of the total species and density. There is a negative correlation between individual density and NO2 concentration or salinity. The zooplankton community associated with the ponds can be used as the livefood for suitanable aquaculture. Utilization of these resources is very economical for aquaculture due to the low cost to compare with that of the artifical food. However, the diversity of the zooplankton community in ponds is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of species in the water bodies by creating a suitable environment for some groups such as Rotatoria, Cladocera to grow out in these ponds.

scholarly journals Zooplankton Community Responses to Oxygen Stress

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Karpowicz ◽  
Jolanta Ejsmont-Karabin ◽  
Joanna Kozłowska ◽  
Irina Feniova ◽  
Andrew R. Dzialowski
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Oxygen Stress ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Anoxic Layer ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
The Impact

Recent changes in climate and eutrophication have caused increases in oxygen depletion in both freshwater and marine ecosystems. However, the impact of oxygen stress on zooplankton, which is the major trophic link between primary producers and fish, remains largely unknown in lakes. Therefore, we studied 41 lakes with different trophic and oxygen conditions to assess the role of oxygen stress on zooplankton communities and carbon transfer between phytoplankton and zooplankton. Samples were collected from each lake at the peak of summer stratification from three depth layers (the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion). Our results revealed that freshwater zooplankton were relatively tolerant to anoxic conditions and the greatest changes in community structure were found in lakes with the highest oxygen deficits. This caused a switch in dominance from large to small species and reduced the zooplankton biomass in lower, anoxic layers of water, but not in the upper layers of water where the oxygen deficits began. This upper anoxic layer could thus be a very important refuge for zooplankton to avoid predation during the day. However, the reduction of zooplankton in the lower water layers was the main factor that reduced the effectiveness of carbon transfer between the phytoplankton and zooplankton.

Cladoceran- and copepod-dominated zooplankton communities graze at similar rates in low-productivity lakes

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Grazing Rate ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Phytoplankton Assemblage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Copepod Biomass

Many studies suggest that the taxonomic composition of a zooplankton community should determine its grazing rate and selectivity for different types of particles. It is generally believed that copepod-dominated communities should (i) have lower grazing rates and (ii) consume larger particles than communities dominated by large cladocerans. I tested these hypotheses in situ by comparing zooplankton grazing in 19 communities from low-productivity lakes where the zooplankton ranged from >99% copepod biomass to >90% large cladoceran biomass (Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia spp.). The zooplankton grazed 1-14% of total chlorophyll per day and 0-17% of the chlorophyll in algae <35 µm per day. Grazing rates increased with increasing zooplankton biomass (r2 = 0.34, P < 0.01), but once the effect of zooplankton biomass was accounted for, similar grazing rates were found in copepod- and in cladoceran-dominated communities. The difference in grazing rates on small algae and on the whole phytoplankton assemblage, on the other hand, varied systematically with zooplankton taxonomic composition. Holopedium-dominated communities were most efficient at grazing algae <35 µm, Bosmina-dominated communities had similar grazing rates on algae <35 µm and on the whole phytoplankton assemblage, and copepod-dominated communities had similar or slightly higher grazing rates on the whole phytoplankton assemblage. Qualitative differences in grazing selectivity of different zooplankton taxa are observed in complex natural communities.

Planktivory by the predacious cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus: effects on zooplankton size structure and abundance

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1865-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wahlström ◽  
Erika Westman
Keyword(s):  
Size Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Total Zooplankton ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

In order to study density-dependent effects of invertebrate planktivory, four different densities of Bythotrephes longimanus were inoculated into mesocosm enclosures with a mixed zooplankton community. Changes in size structure and abundance of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities were recorded over a period of 3 weeks. High densities of Bythotrephes were able to reduce total zooplankton abundance, which was mainly due to a decrease in the density of the relatively large species Holopedium gibberum. The density of the smaller species Bosmina longirostris was also reduced with increasing densities of Bythotrephes, whereas rotifer abundance remained largely unaffected. The mean size of Holopedium increased with increasing densities of Bythotrephes. Despite the decrease in total zooplankton biomass in high-Bythotrephes treatments, no effect of Bythotrephes density on primary producers was observed. Our experiment shows that predacious cladocerans may reduce macrozooplankton biomass, large as well as small species. Predation from invertebrate planktivores results in a zooplankton community consisting of larger individuals. Comparing our experimental densities with densities of Bythotrephes found in natural systems suggests that invertebrate planktivores may influence size structure and abundance of zooplankton communities even in lakes with planktivorous fish.

scholarly journals The state of zooplankton communities in the lower Dniester area under the conditions of river regulation and actual climatic changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liubovi Lebedenco ◽  
◽  
Mykhailo Nabokyn ◽  
Nadejda Andreev ◽  
Svetlana Kovalyshyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
River Regulation ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Current State ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Planktonic Communities

The study focuses on zooplankton communities of the Lower Dniester. The quantitative indicators of plankton are given and the annual dynamics is described. An assessment of the current state of the river according to the state of zooplankton communities is presented, together with a comparison with historical data, at different stages of river regulation. The changes that occurred in the river zooplankton since the 1950s were analyzed. The relationships between individual characteristics of planktonic communities and the physical and chemical characteristics of the river was also investigated. A comparison of actual data with those collected during 70-80s revealed no significant changes in the structure of the zooplankton community. The proportion of different groups of zooplankton organisms changed insignificantly, the saprobity indices improved slightly, and the average zooplankton biomass did not change. However, compared to the period before 1950s, prior to river regulation for hydropower purposes the role of rotifers in the community was reduced. It might be difficult to identify the main factor determining the development of zooplankton in the Lower Dniester, in order to understand the processes taking place in planktonic communities, it is necessary to analyze the complex impact of hydrological and hydrochemical factors on planktonic communities.

scholarly journals Indirect Effects of Copper Sulfate Addition on Zooplankton Communities in Ohio Upground Reservoirs

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan C.W. Williams ◽  
Joseph D. Conroy ◽  
Jeffrey G. Miner ◽  
John R. Farver
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Small Copepod ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Sport Fish

Municipal water managers use copper sulfate (CuSO4) to control algae, predominantly phytoplankton, in water supply reservoirs. In multiple-purpose upground reservoirs in northwestern Ohio, CuSO4 application regimens vary from no application to over 600 µg Cu/L/year. Whereas CuSO4 effectively suppresses phytoplankton growth, it also has documented toxicities to zooplankton, which serve as forage for stocked sport fish. Consequently, CuSO4 application benefits one upground reservoir use (water supply) while potentially negatively affecting another (sport fishing). This research sought to directly compare copper concentrations ([Cu]) in dissolved and particulate fractions with corresponding zooplankton community composition and abundance both before and after CuSO4 application in Ohio upground reservoirs. Copper concentrations and zooplankton community characters were measured at four upground reservoirs (n = 2 treated with CuSO4 and n = 2 untreated) over multiple weeks during summer 2010. Total [Cu] in treated reservoirs increased by as much as 428% from pre- (mean = 16.5 µg/L) to post-application (mean = 70.7 µg/L); concomitantly, zooplankton biomass and density decreased by as much as 93%. Post-application zooplankton communities shifted to dominance by small copepod nauplii from a mixed community that included larger cladocerans. Copepod nauplii represent a less-suitable food source for stocked juvenile yellow perch Perca flavescens. Thus, short-term negative effects to the zooplankton community may result from CuSO4 applications, indirectly affecting stocked sport fish success.

Replacement of herbivore zooplankton species along gradients of ecosystem productivity and fish predation pressure

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag O. Hessen ◽  
Tom Andersen ◽  
Bjørn A. Faafeng
Keyword(s):  
Fish Community ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Lake Productivity ◽  
Herbivorous Species ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

In general the pooling of major taxa did not provide a basis for classifying zooplankton communities in 342 large Norwegian lakes, as neither cladocerans nor calanoids varied systematically with lake productivity or fish predation pressure. At the species level, most herbivorous cladocerans and calanoids, which constituted three quarters of the metazoan zooplankton biomass, differed in their preference for lake productivity and fish community and could be distinctly grouped according to these variables by canonical correspondance analysis. The analysis pointed out one oligotrophic and one eutrophic specialist among the herbivorous cladocerans, while two of the calanoids were oligotrophic specialists. The biomasses of cladocerans, calanoids, or daphnids were poorly correlated with both lake productivity and fish predation, whereas shifts in average size and species distribution could be attributed to these variables. At low lake productivity, chemical variables such as pH and Ca, as well as the species' physiological adaptations, appear as the main determinants for the competitive advantage and relative success of herbivorous species. Fish community composition changes with increasing lake productivity, but only at very high fish predation intensity (cyprinid communities) did the effects of predation become the main determinant of the zooplankton community, superimposed on the lake productivity.

Changes in the crustacean communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie following the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Barbiero ◽  
Marc L Tuchman
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Predatory Cladoceran ◽  
Leptodora Kindti ◽  
Escape Responses ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The crustacean zooplankton communities in Lakes Michigan and Huron and the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie have shown substantial, persistent changes since the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes in the mid-1980s. A number of cladoceran species have declined dramatically since the invasion, including Eubosmina coregoni, Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia retrocurva, Daphnia pulicaria, and Leptodora kindti, and overall species richness has decreased as a result. Copepods have been relatively unaffected, with the notable exception of Meso cyclops edax, which has virtually disappeared from the lakes. These species shifts have for the most part been consistent and equally pronounced across all three lakes. Responses of crustacean species to the Bythotrephes invasion do not appear to be solely a consequence of size, and it is likely that other factors, e.g., morphology, vertical distribution, or escape responses, are important determinants of vulnerability to predation. Our results indicate that invertebrate predators in general, and invasive ones in particular, can have pronounced, lasting effects on zooplankton community structure.

Implications of a regional-scale process (the Lakshadweep low) on the mesozooplankton community structure of the Arabian Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Karati ◽  
G. Vineetha ◽  
T. V. Raveendran ◽  
P. K. Dineshkumar ◽  
K. R. Muraleedharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Process ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Mixed Layer Depth ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Mesozooplankton Community ◽  
Tropical Ocean

The Arabian Sea, a major tropical ocean basin in the northern Indian Ocean, is one of the most productive regions in the global ocean. Although the classical Arabian Sea ‘paradox’ describes the geographical and seasonal invariability in zooplankton biomass in this region, the effect of the Lakshadweep low (LL), a regional-scale physical process, on the zooplankton community has not yet been evaluated. The LL, characterised by low sea surface height and originating around the vicinity of the Lakshadweep islands during the mid-summer monsoon, is unique to the Arabian Sea. The present study investigated the effect of the LL on the zooplankton community. The LL clearly had a positive effect, with enhanced biomass and abundance in the mixed-layer depth of the LL region. Copepods and chaetognaths formed the dominant taxa, exhibiting strong affinity towards the physical process. Of the 67 copepod species observed, small copepods belonging to the families Paracalanidae, Clausocalanidae, Calanidae, Oncaeidae and Corycaeidae dominated the LL region. Phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a) was the primary determinant influencing the higher preponderance of the copepod community in this region.

scholarly journals Metabarcoding reveals different zooplankton communities in northern and southern areas of the North Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Niklas Macher ◽  
Berry B. van der Hoorn ◽  
Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg ◽  
Lodewijk van Walraven ◽  
Willem Renema
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
List Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Shelf Sea ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

AbstractZooplankton are key players in marine ecosystems, linking primary production to higher trophic levels. The high abundance and high taxonomic diversity renders zooplankton ideal for biodiversity monitoring. However, taxonomic identification of the zooplankton assemblage is challenging due to its high diversity, subtle morphological differences and the presence of many meroplanktonic species, especially in coastal seas. Molecular techniques such as metabarcoding can help with rapid processing and identification of taxa in complex samples, and are therefore promising tools for identifying zooplankton communities. In this study, we applied metabarcoding of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene to zooplankton samples collected along a latitudinal transect in the North Sea, a shelf sea of the Atlantic Ocean. Northern regions of the North Sea are influenced by inflow of oceanic Atlantic waters, whereas the southern parts are characterised by more coastal waters. Our metabarcoding results indicated strong differences in zooplankton community composition between northern and southern areas of the North Sea, particularly in the classes Copepoda, Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and Polychaeta. We compared these results to the known distributions of species reported in previous studies, and by comparing the abundance of copepods to data obtained from the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR). We found that our metabarcoding results are mostly congruent with the reported distribution and abundance patterns of zooplankton species in the North Sea. Our results highlight the power of metabarcoding to rapidly assess complex zooplankton samples, and we suggest that the technique could be used in future monitoring campaigns and biodiversity assessments.HighlightsZooplankton communities are different in northern and southern areas of the North SeaMetabarcoding results are consistent with known species distributions and abundanceMetabarcoding allows for fast identification of meroplanktonic species

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