scholarly journals Assessment of the dynamics of the main agrochemical indicators of irrigated chestnut soils under risk farming conditions in Stavropol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2(26) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
V.G. Sychev ◽  
◽  
Yu.I. Grechishkina ◽  
V.P. Egorov ◽  
A.V. Matvienko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Complex Mechanization ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Complex Monitoring

Irrigation is an important element of agricultural production in the arid conditions of the Stavropol Territory. The combination of irrigation, chemicalization and complex mechanization provides highly productive use of land that requires specific scientific support. The purpose of the research is to identify differences in the dynamics of the main agrochemical indicators (organic matter, pH, mobile phosphorus, mobile potassium) on irrigated and non-irrigated chestnut soils. The object of research is chestnut soils located in an extremely arid climatic zone of the Stavropol Territory. The data of complex monitoring of soil fertility in the Apanasenkovsky district were used as the source material. The data for the period from 1991 to 2020 were prepared by the staff of the State Center for Agrochemical Service “Stavropolsky”. The content of soil organic matter was determined by the Tyurin method in the modification of CINAO. Mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium were determined by the Machigin method in the modification of CINAO. The value of the hydrogen pH index of the aqueous suspension was determined by the potentiometric method. The content of organic matter in chestnut soils increased from 1.8 to 2.0–2.1% both on irrigated and non-irrigated lands. A tendency to leaching of irrigated lands by 0.2 units has been revealed; therefore, in this case, it is recommended to use chemical ameliorants. Moreover, on irrigation, an increase in the content of mobile phosphorus (from 0.8 to 4.0 mg/kg) compared to non-irrigated areas was revealed. The reason for this is the increased doses of phosphorus-containing fertilizers applied during irrigation. During the study period, the content of mobile potassium increased from 77 to 93 mg/kg irrigated chestnut soils compared to non-irrigated ones. The negative dynamics in the content of mobile potassium on irrigation was revealed. It amounted to 364 mg/kg (as of 2020), which is lower than the data of the previous survey period by 81 mk/kg. Particular attention should be paid to the use of potash fertilizers since there is increased removal of this element, despite the high potash potential of chestnut soils in the arid zone of the Stavropol Territory.

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Fractional Derivative on the Hyperspectral Data of Soil Organic Matter Content in Arid Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Biao Fu ◽  
Hei-Gang Xiong ◽  
An-Hong Tian
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Zeroth Order ◽  
First Order

Discussion on the application of fractional derivative algorithm in monitoring organic matter content in field soil is scarce. This study is aimed at improving the accuracy of soil organic matter (SOM) content estimation in arid region, and the undesirable model precision caused by the missing information associated with the larger discrepancy between conventional integer-order, i.e., first order and second order, derivative, and raw spectral data. We utilized fractional derivative (of zeroth order to second order in 0.2-order interval) processing on the field spectral reflectance (R) of the salinized soil sample from Fukang, Xinjiang, and its square root-transformed (R), log-transformed (lgR), inverse-transformed (1/R), and inverse log-transformed (1/lgR) values. The correlation coefficient of each fractional derivative of transformed value with SOM content was calculated. The simulation showed the derivative reflectance value approximates zero. When increasing from zeroth order to first order, the derivative curve gradually aligns to the first-order curve, and the destination alignment was also seen while increasing from first order to second order. The significance test of 0.05 showed initial increase and later decay of bands in the five spectral transformations as the order increases. For specific bands, the derivative algorithm clearly justifies the correlation between soil spectra and organic matter content, and all of the absolute highest correlation coefficient values were obtained at fractional orders. When compared with integer-order derivative, fractional derivative is significantly better in improving correlation, showing overall superiority. The result supports the application of fractional derivative in the hyperspectral remote monitor of SOM in arid zone, which may in turn realize the timely and accurate SOM monitor in arid zone, and provides the basis for ecological restoration.

scholarly journals Effect of feather compost on soil chemical indicators in CCN-51 cocoa plantation (Theobroma cacao L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Nelino Florida-Rofner ◽  
José Dolores Levano-Crisóstomo ◽  
Santos Jacobo-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Town ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

Introduction. Organic management of cocoa accounts for 60% of production in Peru and large amounts of compost prepared with different inputs are used, in order to improve the quality of the soil and cocoa yields. Objective. Evaluated the effect of the application of chicken feather compost on the main soil chemical indicators in a cocoa plantation CCN-51 un the Town of Nuevo Progreso, province of Padre Abad in the Ucayali-Peru region was evaluated. Materials and methods. A randomized complete block design was used, with four treatments and four repetitions where: FC1 was an absolute witness, FC2 feather compost at a rate of 2,000 kg. ha-1, FC3 feather compost at a rate of 4,000 kg. ha-1 and FC4 feather compost at a rate of 6 000 kg. ha-1. The main chemical indicators of soil quality were evaluated: hydrogen potential (pH), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) , aluminum (Al3+), available cadmium (Cd2+), changeable acids (AC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Results. The results showed a decrease in exchangeable aluminum and changeable acidity and increases in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, depending on the proportion of compost applied, these indicators presented significant differences (p <0.05); The pH, calcium and cadmium available did not show significant differences (p <0.05). Conclusion. Feather compost (FC) significantly improved the levels of OM, N, P and K+, indicators that define soil quality and reduce aluminum levels, the latter of utmost importance in acidic soils.

scholarly journals SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN-FIXING ABILITY OF CHICKPEA AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CROP AT DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
H. M. Hospodarenko ◽  
I. V. Prokopchuk ◽  
S. V. Prokopchuk
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
Active Formation

Results of studying effect of mineral fertilizers in combination with inoculation with nitrogen-fixingbacteria on chickpea productivity in podzolic black soil of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine havebeen shown. Pre-sowing bacterization contributed to the active formation and functioning of thesymbiosis, provided that the background of nitrogen fertilizers did not exceed 60 kg/ha. Under theinfluence of mineral fertilizers both separately and in combination with seed inoculation, chickpea yieldincreased by 10.8–15.2 hwt/ha compared to the variant without fertilizers and without inoculation.It was established that in order to obtain high and stable yields of chickpea seed in podzolic blacksoil of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with low content of nitrogen of alkalihydrolyzing compoundsand high content of mobile phosphorus and potassium, its fertilization system should include applicationof phosphate and potash fertilizers in the dose of 60 kg/ha during primary tillage, and nitrogen fertilizers– for presowing cultivation. Before sowing, seeds should be processed with the suspension of ammoniummolybdate and Ryzobofit.

scholarly journals THE DEPENDENCE OF GROWTH PROCESSES OF THE SCOTS PINE IN THE INITIAL PERIODS OF ONTOGENESIS ON THE ACTION OF IRON NANOPARTICLES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. БУРДУЧКИНА ◽  
Г.Н. ФАДЬКИН ◽  
С.Д. ПОЛИЩУК
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

В статье приведен анализ влияния нанопорошка железа на приживаемость и сохранность растений, а также на ростовые процессы сосны обыкновенной в начальные периоды онтогенеза. Эффективность препарата оценивали по степени приживаемости и сохранности, а также по текущему и среднему приросту в высоту и диаметре ствола в зоне корневой шейки и химическому составу однолетней хвои. Исследования проводились на дерново-подзолистой почве (ТЛУ А2) в трех лесничествах Рязанской области. В качестве контрольного варианта использовалась общепринятая технология создания лесных культур сосны обыкновенной. Исследуемый вариант предполагал замачивание корневой системы растений сеянцев сосны обыкновенной в водной суспензии нанопорошка железа. Было установлено, что наилучший эффект от применения нанопорошка железа можно ожидать в экстремальные по погодным условиям годы. Так в 2010 году увеличение приживаемости составило 8 %, в 2013 году – 28 %, а в 2016 году 3 %, увеличение текущего прироста в высоту при использовании нанопорошка железа составило 0,41 см в опыте 1 и 1,63 см в опыте 3. В опыте 2 увеличение среднего прироста в высоту было наибольшим и составило 15,35 см. Текущий и средний приросты в диаметре ствола в зоне корневой шейки во всех трех опытах не имели существенных различий. Содержание азота, фосфора и калия в однолетней хвое без применения нанопорошка железа соответствовало древесной породе и ее возрасту. Использование нанопорошка железа во всех трех опытах увеличило содержание азота и фосфора в хвое и не изменило содержания калия. The article presents an analysis of the effect of iron nanoparticles on the survival rate and safety of plants, as well as on the growth processes of the Scots pine in the initial periods of ontogenesis. The effectiveness of the preparation was evaluated by the degree of survival and safety, as well as by the current and average growth in height and trunk diameter in the zone of the root neck and the chemical composition of the annual needle. The studies were conducted on sod-podzolic soil (TLU A2) in three forestries of Ryazan region. As a control option, the generally accepted technology for creating common pine forest plantations was used. The investigated option suggested the soaking of the root system of the Scots pine seedlings in an aqueous suspension of iron nanoparticles. It was found that the best effect of the use of iron nanoparticles can be expected in extreme weather years. So in 2010, the increase in survival rate was 8%, in 2013 it was 28%, and in 2016 it amounted to 3%. The increase in current growth in height using iron nanoparticles was 0.41 cm in experiment 1 and 1.63 cm in experiment 3. The increase in average growth in height was the largest in experiment 2 and amounted to 15.35 cm. The current and average increments in the trunk diameter in the zone of the root neck in all three experiments did not have signifi cant differences and was comparable to the years of research. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the annual needle without the use of iron nanoparticles corresponded to the tree species and its age. The use of iron nanoparticles in all three experiments increased the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the needle and did not change the potassium content.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF CHESTNUT SOILS IN WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE GRAZING TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
Beybit NASIYEV ◽  
Askhat BEKKALIYEV ◽  
Nurbolat ZHANATALAPOV ◽  
Vladimir SHIBAIKIN ◽  
Rakhimzhan YELESHEV
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Optimal Range ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
The Third ◽  
Western Kazakhstan ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus

Managing pasture resources of Western Kazakhstan is complicated due to the deterioration of the physicochemical parameters of soils, manifesting degradation, and alkalinization as a result of intensive grazing. The research has been aimed at studying the technology of cattle grazing for preserving the physicochemical parameters of soils and increasing the efficiency of pasture use. The assessment and statistical analysis of physicochemical indicators of soils were carried out with standard methods during 2018 – 2019, which allowed identifying the most optimal grazing technology. The results of the research showed that under the influence of intensive grazing, physicochemical parameters worsened, a decrease in the humus reserves by 10.88-12.35% was detected, soil degraded to the third degree, and became alkaline as a result of the increase in exchangeable sodium to 1.65 cmol (equiv.)/kg. The technology of moderate cattle grazing favorably affects the physicochemical parameters of the soils of pasture ecosystems. The chestnut soils of the pastures, where moderate grazing technology was applied, remained resistant to degradation and salinization. With this technology, the soil humus was reliably preserved at the level of 1.15-2.50%, mobile phosphorus was within the optimal range of 0.87-1.60 mg/100 g. It has been concluded that it is important to use the technology of moderate cattle grazing to improve the management of pasture resources, which is the scientific novelty of the research.

scholarly journals Impact of fertigation schema on yield and chemical composition of strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
L. V. Pomyaksheva ◽  
S. N. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Mineral Fertiliser ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact

A  frequent fertigation of garden strawberry with solute mineral fertiliser in accord with the plant growth phase allows a more efficient mineral nutrient absorption compared to a single application of larger fertiliser amount. Field studies on medium loam-granulometry sod-podzol soil in fruiting garden strawberry plantations were carried out for three years in the Moscow Region to evaluate the impact of fertigation regimes on strawberry yield and the main nutrient content in soil and plant leaves.  In study setup, the control crop grew with a no-fertiliser drip irrigation, schema 1 included frequent (once in 3 days) mineral fertiliser drip application at 2-3 g/l, schema 2 — 4-6 g/l solution application twice less often (once  in 6 days). Materials and methods. Yield was estimated by weight per plot area unit, plant samples analysed with conventional wet  ashing. Nitrate nitrogen was determined in ionometry, exchangeable ammonium —  in photocolourimetry, mobile phosphorus and potassium specimens — by the Kirsanov’s CINAO-modified method. The article presents registration data, averaged leaf chemical assays and content dynamics of major soil macronutrients over a three-year observation period. Conclusions. A significant increase in three-year total yield was observed with the mineral fertiliser fertigation schema in the Ducat strawberry cultivar; a supraoptimal phosphorus accumulation in leaves of the Rusich cultivar was facilitated by a less frequent application of concentrated fertiliser solution; a maximal nitrogen amount in Ducat leaves was observed with fractional fertigation; in a lower-yield season, concentrated mineral fertiliser fertigation contributed to the increase of mobile phosphorus and potassium specimens in soil in mid growing season. A greater correlation was observed between the soil content of mobile potassium and its uptake by strawberry plants.

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