Electroencephalogram (EEG) responses to indoor sound sources in wooden residential buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 1989-1998
Author(s):  
Alessia Frescura ◽  
Pyoung Jik Lee ◽  
Jeong-Ho Jeong ◽  
Yoshiharu Soeta
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Piano Music ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Listening Tests ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

The present study aimed to explore relationships between physiological and subjective responses to indoor sounds. Specifically, The electroencephalograms (EEG) responses to neighbour sounds in wooden dwellings were investigated. Listening tests were performed to collect EEG data in distinct acoustics scenarios. Experimental work was carried out in a laboratory with a low background noise level. A series of impact and airborne sounds were presented through loudspeakers and subwoofer, while participants sat comfortably in the simulated living room wearing the EEG headset (B-alert X24 system). The impact sound sources were an adult walking and a child running recorded in a laboratory equipped with different floor configurations. Two airborne sounds (a live conversation and a piece of classical piano music) were digitally filtered to resemble good and poor sound insulation performances of vertical partitions. The experiment consisted of two sessions, namely, the evaluation of individual sounds and the evaluation of the combined noise sources. In the second session, pairs of an impact and an airborne sound were presented. During the listening test, electroencephalography alpha reactivity (α-EEG) and electroencephalography beta reactivity (β-EEG) were monitored. In addition, participants were asked to rate noise annoyance using an 11-point scale.

Effect of Rotor-Stator Configuration in the Generation of Vortical Scales and Wake Mixing in Single Stage Axial Fans: Part II — Assessment of Vortex Sound Sources

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Galdo Vega ◽  
Jesus Manuel Fernandez Oro ◽  
Katia María Argüelles Díaz ◽  
Carlos Santolaria Morros
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Axial Fan ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Vortex Sound ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Axial Fans ◽  
The Impact

This second part is devoted to the identification of vortex sound sources in low-speed turbomachinery. As a starting point, the time-resolved evolution of the vortical motions associated to the wake shear layers (reported in the first part of the present study) is employed to obtain vorticity distributions in both blade-to-blade and traverse locations throughout the axial fan stage. Following, the Powell analogy for generation of vortex sound is revisited to obtain the noise sources in the nearfield region of the fan. Both numerical and experimental databases presented previously are now post-processed to achieve a deep understanding of the aeroacoustic behavior of the vortical scales present in the flow. A LES simulation at midspan, using a 2.5D scheme, allows an accurate description of the turn-out time of the shedding vortices, within high-density meshes in the blades and vanes passages, and a correct modeling of the dynamics of turbulence. Besides, thermal anemometry has been employed with a two-wire probe to measure the planar flow in the midspan sections of the fan. Statistical procedures and signal conditioning of velocity traces have confirmed experimentally the unsteady flow patterns devised in the numerical model. The comparison of the rotor-stator and the stator-rotor configurations provides the influence of the wake mixing and the nucleation of turbulent spots in the distribution of the Powell source terms. Moreover, the relation between the turbomachine configuration and the generation of vortex sound can be established, including the impact of the operating conditions and the contributions of the interaction mechanisms.

scholarly journals Proposal of an Assessment Method of the Impact Sound Insulation of Lightweight Floors

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Łukasz Nowotny ◽  
Jacek Nurzyński
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Floor Covering ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Quality Rating ◽  
The Impact

Lightweight floors are in line with a sustainable construction concept and have become increasingly popular in residential buildings. The acoustic performance of such floors plays a pivotal role in the overall building quality rating. There is, however, no clear and complete method to predict their impact sound insulation. A new approximation method and new acoustic indicators—equivalent weighted normalized impact sound pressure levels for lightweight floors—are proposed and outlined in this article. The prediction procedure and indicator values were initially validated on the basis of laboratory measurements taken for different lightweight floors with the same well-defined floor covering. These preliminary analyses and comparisons show that the proposed method is promising and should be fully developed on the basis of further research.

Vibro-Acoustic Comfort Assessment Methodology of Residential Buildings in Urban Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Flimel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Acoustic Comfort ◽  
And Performance

Noise in residential buildings should be assessed not only in terms of impact on health, safety and performance of inhabitants, but also for the “value” of the building (apartment) in a certain environment. Building energetic certification implementation is one of the first compulsory legislative evaluation criteria. This paper wants to draw the attention to the need for vibro-accoustic building (apartment) certification. Presented tabular evaluation is an objective evaluation. The reason for that are the tendencies related to noise in environment: increased number and levels of noise sources in buildings’ exterior and interior, increasing demands for sound insulation of building structures and growing number of “noise” complaints.

Subjective and objective evaluation of the impact and airborne sound insulation of multi-unit residential buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-786
Author(s):  
Maedot S. Andargie ◽  
Marianne Touchie ◽  
William O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Acoustic Comfort ◽  
Acoustic Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Multi-unit residential building (MURB) occupants often express dissatisfaction with their suites' acoustic conditions despite existing building acoustic standards and regulations as well as growing research on noise control and building acoustics. Reasons for this include the lack of proper characterization of acoustic comfort in MURBs and lack of comprehensive and stringent regulations. To better understand factors that impact acoustic comfort and explore strategies to improve the acoustic performance of MURBs, investigations of acoustic conditions were carried out. This work presents the results of the investigations which include subjective and objective evaluations of acoustic conditions in two MURBs. Impact sound insulation measurements using both a tapping machine and a rubber ball as well as 24-hour indoor noise monitoring were carried out in unoccupied suites. An online survey was then used to collect subjective assessments of the noise conditions in the buildings and the effects on occupants' comfort post occupancy. Results of the data analysis suggest that occupants are more sensitive to low-frequency impact sounds than mid- and high-frequency impact noise.

scholarly journals The impact of artistic circles on the way of using and arrangement apartments in multi-family residential buildings in Poland in the 1950s and 1960s

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 073-092
Author(s):  
Marta Kruk
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Origin Life ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

This article (part I) presents the activities of artistic circles - architects - and their impact on the ways of using and arrangement of the living area. The way of using apartment is understood as:1) The way of arranging basic living functions by inhabitants (sleeping, resting, preparing and eating meals, receiving guests, studying, personal hygiene);2) The relationships between inhabitants and an apartment dependent on education, occupational structure, origin, life style, inherited cultural patterns, fashion as well as a group of physical characteristics and apartment attributes);3) The rights of family members to use the apartment space, including the right to intimacy and having own private space, as well as the representative needs.The aim of this article is to show the evolution of design thinking in the field of functional and spatial layouts of apartments and indicating the main trends of these changes. The selected functional layouts of apartments (including the remarks of the author of the design), representative of the given period of time, have been analyzed with respect to social and political conditions. In summary, the most important tendencies, which may be observed in respect of discussed changes, have been indicated. These include: expanding the living-room area of the apartment by designing a kitchen closer to the living-room or even combining a kitchen with a living -room; the differentiated approach to the issues of creating sleeping areas due to the understanding of children’s individual needs to have their own living space; the concern to upgrade the quality of hygiene in an apartment - by creating separate restrooms and designing bathrooms with a space for a washing machine.

scholarly journals Deep learning for classification of sleep EEG data during the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Important Basis

Sleep is an important part of the body's recuperation and energy accumulation, and the quality of sleep also has a significant impact on people's physical and mental state during the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease. It has attracted increasing attention how to improve the quality of sleep and reduce the impact of sleep related diseases on health. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected during sleep belong to spontaneous EEG signals. Spontaneous sleep EEG signals can reflect the body own changes, which is also an important basis for diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Therefore, the establishment of an effective model for classifying sleep EEG signals is an important auxiliary tool for evaluating sleep.

scholarly journals A virtual design studio for low frequency impact sound from walking

Acta Acustica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Nata Amiryarahmadi ◽  
Wolfgang Kropp
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Virtual Design ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Impact

Experience with wooden multi-storey houses have shown that impact sound insulation is one of most critical issues to ensure a good indoor environment. Even in cases where the impact sound insulation is fulfilled, people perceive the sound from e.g. walking neighbours as very disturbing. To investigate the subjective perception, a test facility is needed which allows for a coherent evaluation of different floor designs by listening test. The facility should ensure, that when comparing different floors, the same excitation by a walker and the same receiving room are involved. Only the floor design should be changed. As a consequence the spread in the data will only be due to the spread in the perception by subjects. In this paper a virtual design tool for low frequency impact sound insulation is presented, which consists of four parts; measured walking forces, floor models, an auralisation system which consists of a grid of loudspeakers simulating the vibration of the floor and a receiving room furnished as a common living room. In a pilot study a listening test is carried out for 13 different floors with different impact sound spectra at frequencies below 100 Hz. The results indicate that the judged annoyance strongly correlates with the judged loudness. However, there is a substantial spread observed in between the subjects participating in the listening tests. To understand this spread, a more extended study is needed with more participants and a classification of the subjects with respect to criteria such as noise sensitivity or age.

Sound attenuation and audibility of fire alarm signal in Korean residential apartment buildings: A case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 690-705
Author(s):  
Min-Joo Lee ◽  
Myung-Jun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Sound Attenuation ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Closed Door ◽  
Insulation Performance

With a view to preventing casualties due to fire outbreaks in residential buildings, we investigated the sound attenuation of audible fire-alarm signals in Korean residential apartment buildings and determine an acoustic condition for enhancing the audibility of such signals. Two sets of field measurements were performed, along with theoretical predictions using sound analysis software. In the first set of measurements, in 17 dwelling units, the standardized alarm sound level requirement of 75 dBA could not be achieved in bedrooms with existing alarm devices. In the second set of measurements, with an additional five dwelling units, both the sound attenuation according to the distance between sound sources and bedrooms and the sound insulation performance of bedroom doors were examined. The sound attenuation levels were increased by 0.72 ( R2 = 0.7982) and 0.48 ( R2 = 0.3001) dB m−1 under open- and closed-door conditions, respectively. Further, the bedroom-door sound insulation performance was in the 18- to 23-dB range. Consequently, we have demonstrated that the sound power of a general residential fire alarm must be 98–107.9 dB, depending on the dwelling-unit size and floor-plan type, in order to achieve a bedroom audibility level of 75 dBA.

scholarly journals Effect of Occupant Activity on Indoor Particle Concentrations in Korean Residential Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9201
Author(s):  
Hyungkeun Kim ◽  
Kyungmo Kang ◽  
Taeyeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Due to the recent industrial development and COVID-19 pandemic, people are spending more time indoors. Therefore, indoor air quality is becoming more important for the health of occupants. Indoor fine particles are increased by outdoor air pollution and indoor occupant activities. In particular, smoking, cooking, cleaning, and ventilation are occupant activities that have the largest impact on indoor particle concentrations. In this study, indoor and outdoor particle concentrations were measured in ten apartment houses in South Korea for 24 h. Indoor particle concentrations were measured in the kitchen and living room to evaluate the impact of cooking, one of the most important sources of indoor particles. An occupant survey was also conducted to analyze the influence of occupant activities. It was found that the impact of outdoor particles on indoor particle concentrations in winter was not significant. The largest particle source was cooking. In particular, a large amount of particles was generated by broiling and frying. In addition, cooking-generated particles are rapidly dispersed to the living room, and this was more obvious for small particles. It is expected that this result will be statistically generalized if the particle concentration of more houses is analyzed in the future.

Effects of Wall-to-Wall Supported Ceilings on Impact Sound Insulation for Use in Residential Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Sin-Tae Kim ◽  
Hyun-Min Cho ◽  
Myung-Jun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Single Number ◽  
Sound Reduction ◽  
Floor System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Existing Housing

In Korean residential buildings, floor impact sounds were reduced over the past few decades mainly through a floating floor system. However, ceiling constructions for impact sound reduction have not been applied actively because of a lack of useful information. This study focuses on the effects of wall-to-wall supported ceilings (WSC), which are designed with construction discontinuities between concrete slabs and ceilings, and the damping caused by porous absorbers for impact sound insulation. To examine the impact sound insulation according to ceiling conditions, measurements were performed in 25 floor–ceiling assemblies. The results indicate that ceiling treatment is mostly useful in reducing the floor impact sound. The floor impact sound owing to the WSC decreased by 2–7 dB and 2–8 dB in terms of the single number quantity for the tapping machine and rubber balls, respectively, compared with representative existing housing constructions wherein ceilings were attached on wooden sticks. Furthermore, the reduction effect of the WSC appeared to be more profound when it was applied to the floor–ceiling assembly with poor impact sound insulation. Thus, the WSC can be used to enhance the impact of sound insulation of existing housings without major repairs of floor structural layers.

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