scholarly journals Comparative studies on mydriatic effect of tropicamide 0.8% and phenylephrin 5.0% in teenagers & geriatric people

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
K. Diwakar ◽  
Y. Sailaja ◽  
V. Palanivel ◽  
Shaik Baba Fakruddin ◽  
T. Gangadhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Size ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pupillary Size ◽  
Two Age Groups

Prospective study on the comparison of mydiriatic effect of Tropicamide 0.8% and Phenylephrine 5% in teenagers and geriatric people was carried out in suthrama Eye Hospital madanapalle, India. The main objective of this study was to compare the mydriatic effect of a combination of drug in teenagers and geriatric people. It also evaluated the ADR’s produced and the efficacy of the drug in two age groups. In this study population majority of the subjects were female in group A and male in group B. Among the whole population under study in group A and B no one has reported with any case of congenital anomalies. A number of ADR’s are reported but no serious adverse events had occurred. The study was carried out in 100 eyes ie. 50 subjects whom are divided into 2 groups based on age. The comparison of mydriatic effect was done in each group after instilling one drop of a combination of 0.08% Tropicamide and 0.5% Phenynilephrine. The pupillary size where measured before and after administration of drug and the results were compared. The results showed that there is a large difference in the normal pupil size between teenagers and geriatric people. After dilation the difference in pupil size was statistically significant among the two groups. The study concludes that the pupillary dilation produced by administering 0.8% Tropicamide and 5% Phenylephrine produces higher mydriatic effect in teenagers than geriatric people.

scholarly journals Morphological, Biochemical And Hematological Characterization Of Endangered Balkan Donkey Breed

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANIŠIĆ Ljubodrag ◽  
DIMITRIJEVIĆ Vladimir ◽  
SIMEUNOVIĆ Predrag ◽  
LAKIĆ Nada ◽  
RADOVIĆ Ivica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
Group B ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract The aim of the study was to establish morphometric, biochemical and hematological values for the endangered Balkan donkey breed (Serbia) and to explore the possible age dependence of the parameters tested. Inter-breed similarity of morphometric parameters was assessed by comparing the data obtained for the Balkan donkey with morphometric measurements of several previously characterized domestic donkey breeds. The study population included 74 donkeys, divided in two age groups (group A ≤ 3 years; group B > 3 years). In total, 18 morphometric, 13 hematological and 14 biochemical parameters were assessed. Significant morphometric differences (p<0.05) in body length, head length, chest circumference and body weight were found between the two age groups. Significant differences in morphological parameters were revealed among the Balkan donkey and other donkey breeds (Catalonian, Croatian and Albanian), but results of cluster analysis demonstrated the smallest distance between the Balkan donkey and Albanian donkeys. The results of morphometric analyses showed consistency of the obtained values within the breed, and diversity as compared to other donkey breeds, and, thus, could be taken as referent for the Balkan donkey. Hematological and biochemical profiles obtained for the Balkan donkey were consistent with previous reports and within the recommended reference ranges. White blood cell, mid cell and granulocyte counts, showed significantly higher (p<0.05) values in donkeys under 3 years of age, while the only biochemical parameter affected by age was alkaline phosphatase. The information gained through characterization of the Balkan donkey breed provides a basis for conservation and development of the breed standard.

Does body position, age, and heart rate induce IOP’s changes?

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110233
Author(s):  
Marcelina Sobczak ◽  
Magdalena Asejczyk ◽  
Malwina Geniusz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objectives: The main goal of this research was to determine the differences between the values of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the supine and sitting positions, and to assess the effect of age and cardiovascular parameters. Methods: Seventy-two healthy adults were enrolled and classified into age groups: 20–30 years (group A), 31–40 years (group B), and 41–71 years (group C). Corneal biometry and cardiovascular parameters, such as heart rate (HR), were measured. IOP measurements were taken in the sitting position (IOPS) and in the supine position (IOPL) using the iCare® Pro tonometer. Results: A significant difference between the IOPS and IOPL in the entire cohort was found ( p < 0.001). Regarding the age subgroups, a significant difference ( p < 0.001) between the IOPS and IOPL was obtained in group A (2.6 ± 1.6 mmHg) and group C (1.5 ± 1.3 mmHg). There were no significant differences in the IOPS between groups. The highest IOP values were obtained for group A. The correlations between HR and IOPS are statistically significant for group A and group B, and for HR and IOPL-S for group B only. Multivariate analysis showed that HR has a significant influence on the difference in IOP in the two body positions. Conclusion: A statistically significant difference between the effect of age and the values of IOPS and IOPL was shown. Cardiovascular parameters showed some relevant statistical dependencies, but with a rather marginal significance in young people. The influence of body position for the measurement of IOP for healthy subjects does not seem to matter, despite the fact that there are some dependencies that are statistically significant.

scholarly journals Anal sphincter dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: an observation manometric study

Open Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Marola ◽  
Alessia Ferrarese ◽  
Enrico Gibin ◽  
Marco Capobianco ◽  
Antonio Bertolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Anal Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resting Anal Pressure ◽  
Group B ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Group D

AbstractConstipation, obstructed defecation, and fecal incontinence are frequent complaints in multiple sclerosis. The literature on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders is scant. Using anorectal manometry, we compared the anorectal function in patients with and without multiple sclerosis.136 patients referred from our Center for Multiple Sclerosis to the Coloproctology Outpatient Clinic, between January 2005 and December 2011, were enrolled. The patients were divided into four groups: multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group A); multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group B); non-multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group C); non-multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group D). Anorectal manometry was performed to measure: resting anal pressure; maximum squeeze pressure; rectoanal inhibitory reflex; filling pressure and urge pressure. The difference between resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers was defined as the change in resting anal pressure calculated for each patient.ResultsGroup A patients were noted to have greater sphincter hypotonia at rest and during contraction compared with those in group C (p=0.02); the rectal sensitivity threshold was lower in group B than in group D patients (p=0.02). No voluntary postcontraction sphincter relaxation was observed in either group A or group B patients (p=0.891 and p=0.939, respectively).ConclusionsThe decrease in the difference in resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers suggests post-contraction sphincter spasticity, indicating impaired pelvic floor coordination in multiple sclerosis patients. A knowledge of manometric alterations in such patients may be clinically relevant in the selection of patients for appropriate treatments and for planning targeted rehabilitation therapy.

scholarly journals Histological study of proportion of cortex and medulla of the ovary in Bangladeshi women

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Hosna Ara Perven ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Fatema Johora ◽  
Halima Afroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

This cross sectional, descriptive study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January to December 2009, to determine the proportion of cortex and medulla of the ovary in di_erent age group of Bangladeshi women. This study was based on collection of 140 ovaries of 70 unclaimed female dead bodies from the morgue of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including A (10-13 years), B (14-45 years) & C (46-52 years). Histological slides were prepared by using routine haematoxylin and eosin stain. Ten best prepared histological slides from each age group were examined to determine the thickness of the cortex and medulla & proportion of the thickness of the cortex and the medulla of the ovary were expressed in percentages. The mean proportion of the cortex and the medulla of the right ovary were found 80.83±0.58% and 19.17±0.58% in group A, 86.95±1.14% and 13.05±1.14% in group B, 70.53±1.53% and 29.47±1.53% in group C respectively. The mean proportion of the cortex and the medulla of the left ovary were found 80.63±0.58% and 19.37±0.58% in group A, 86.78±1.14% and 13.22±1.14% in group B, 70.41±1.50% and 29.59±1.50% in group C respectively. The difference in mean proportion of the cortex and the medulla was not signi_cant in between the ovaries. However, the difference in mean proportion of the cortex and the medulla of the ovary between group A & group B, group A & group C and group B & group C were statistically significant.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Jan; 44 (1): 8-10

scholarly journals Weight of the Human Thyroid Gland – A Postmortem Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
ASM Nurunnabi ◽  
A Alim ◽  
M Sabiha ◽  
B Manowara ◽  
K Monira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Context: A cross-sectional study was designed to find out the difference in weight of the thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and sex and to compare with previous local and foreign studies. Materials & Methods: The present study was performed on 60 post mortem human thyroid gland (39 of male and 21 of female) collected from unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including Group A (10-20 years), Group B (21-50 years) & Group C (>50 years) and the weight of the thyroid glands were measured and recorded. Results: The mean weight of the thyroid gland in male was 15.14 gm, 19.20 gm and 14.64 gm and in female was 16.02 gm, 19.03 gm and 14.67 gm in group A, B and C respectively. The mean weight of the thyroid gland was 15.48 gm in group A, 19.15 gm in group B and 14.65 gm in group C. There was no difference in mean weight of the thyroid gland between male and female. The difference in mean weight of the thyroid gland between group A & group B and group B & group C were found statistically significant. The weight of the gland was found to increase from early childhood and puberty up to 50 years of age and then decrease. Key words: Thyroid gland; Weight of thyroid gland. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v9i1.5230 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.09 No.1 Jan 2010 44-48

scholarly journals Study on weight of the postmortem parathyroid glands in a Bangladeshi population

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Sabiha Mahbub ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Abdul Alim ◽  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Context: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was designed to find out the difference in weight of the parathyroid glands of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and sex and to compare with the previous studies. Methods: This study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December 2008. The study was performed on 207 post mortem human parathyroid glands collected from 60 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including group A (10-30 years), group B (31-60 years) & group C (61-90 years) and the weight of the parathyroids were measured and recorded. Results: The mean weight of the right superior parathyroid glands were 13.43±13.77 mg in group A, 13.86±19.15 mg in group B and 9.25±5.12 mg in group C in males and 16.00±6.69 mg in group A and 8.57±5.97 mg in group B in females respectively. The mean weight of the right inferior parathyroids were 17.78±13.94 mg, 16.75±15.67 mg and 23.00±11.53 mg in group A, B and C respectively in males and 26.00±4.18 mg in group A and 15.20±4.32 mg in group B in females. The mean weight of the left superior parathyroid glands were 13.63±6.08 mg in group A, 10.58±7.57 mg in group B and 11.00±3.74 mg in group C in males and 16.20±7.89 mg in group A and 8.29±5.47 mg in group B in females respectively. The mean weight of the left inferior parathyroid gland was 26.11±24.29 mg, 15.81±10.28 mg and 25.25±25.28 mg in group A, B and C respectively in males and 32.25±13.82 mg in group A and 13.29±5.41 mg in group B in females. No difference was found in the weight of superior parathyroid glands at right side between sexes and age groups excepting in superior and inferior parathyroid glands at left side between group A & B (p<0.05). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15603 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 34-38

scholarly journals A Postmortem Study on the Volume of the Human Thyroid Gland

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASM Nurunnabi ◽  
S Ara ◽  
MU Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluid Displacement ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

The present study was designed to find out the difference in volume of the thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and sex and to compare with previous local and foreign studies. It was a Cross-sectional descriptive type of study. The hospital based study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December 2008. The present study was performed on 60 post mortem human thyroid gland (39 of male and 21 of female) collected from unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including group A (10-20 years), group B (21-50 years) & group C (>50 years) and the volume of the thyroid glands were measured by fluid displacement method and recorded. No difference was found in mean volume of the thyroid gland between male and female. However, significant difference was found in between age groups. The volume of the gland was found to increase from early childhood and puberty up to 50 years of age and then decreased.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v38i1.10444  Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2012; 38: 6-8

scholarly journals Morphometric study of the isthmus of the thyroid gland in Bangladeshi cadaver

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
S Mahbub ◽  
HA Perven ◽  
S Ara
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Tracheal Ring ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: The position and size of isthmus of thyroid vary greatly in humans, and sometimes it is absent. The present study was designed to find out the difference in isthmus of the thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and sex. Methods: The cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December 2008, on 73 post mortem human thyroid gland collected from unclaimed dead bodies. Isthmus was found in 60 cases. The samples having the isthmus (n=60) were divided into three age-groups including group A (10-20 years), group B (21-50 years) & group C (>50 years) and the isthmus was cut off from the thyroid gland, then its length, breadth and thickness were measured and recorded. Results: The isthmus of the thyroid gland was found in 82.2% cases. It extended from 2nd to 4th tracheal ring in 91.7% and from 2nd to 5th ring in 8.3% cases. No difference was found in length, breadth and thickness of the isthmus of the thyroid gland in between males and females. However, difference was found in breadth between group A & B (p<0.05) and A & C (p<0.01) and in thickness between group B & C (p<0.05). Conclusion: The presence or absence, positional change and variation in gross dimension of the thyroid isthmus were evident in humans. The morphological difference was found with increasing age but not with sex. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 81-84 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8940

scholarly journals Effect of cissus quadrangularis linn and zingiber officinale rosc in osteoarthritis patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3540
Author(s):  
J. Viswanath ◽  
Chakrapani Cheekavolu ◽  
S. Sankaraiah ◽  
Renu Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. or Zingiber officinalis Rosc. or in combination treatment of osteoarthritis which reduces joint pain, joint swelling and tenderness without risk of side effects.Methods: Total 60 patients were selected and divided into 3 groups (each group consist of 20 patients); data were collected before and after treatment of following groups: Group A-Cissus quadrangularis linn-5gm; Group B- Zingiber officinale rosc-5gm; Group C-Treatment of Cissus quadrangularis linn combined with Zingiber officinale rosc-5 gm/dose twice a day with luke warm water.Results: 60 % cases of joint pain were relieved at the end of the treatment in group B & C, in group A 50%, reduction in joint pain extremely significant in all groups A, B, C (p<0.0001). ‘C’ 80%, ‘A’ 15% and ‘B’5% reduction in symptom of Joint swelling and which is very significant in group A, and group B (p<0.001) and extremely significant in group C (p<0.0001). Symptom of tenderness ‘C’ 90%, ‘A’ 85%, and ‘B’ 10% cases were relived from the complaint. The difference in tenderness is statistically extremely significant when compared between groups (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Present study reveals that, significant reduction of joint pain, joint swelling and tenderness after treatment of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. or Zingiber officinalis Rosc. and extremely significant reduction of joint swelling and tenderness in combination therapy.

scholarly journals Increase of PlGF (Placental Growth Factor) Level After Administration of Dydrogesterone in Pregnancy

KnE Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Karlina Rusly
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
In Pregnancy

<p><strong>Aim:</strong> To observe the effect of Dydrogesterone administration in pregnancy on PlGF level</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a randomized controlled clinical trial. Study population has been divided into two groups. Group A consists of 20 women who receive only Folic acid 5 mg a day for 4 weeks time. Group B consists of 20 women who receive Dydrogesterone 2x10 mg a day and Folic acid 5 mg a day for 4 weeks. PlGF has been measured twice. First measurement was done before drug administration, while the second measurement has been done during 18<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy. The changes on PlGF level before and after treatment from each group has been analyzed using SPSS 17.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> 40 pregnant women have been recruited for this study. There are no differences based on the patient’s age, number of pregnancy and parity, gestational age and body weight between each group.  The mean levels of PlGF in both groups before intervention shows no significant difference (p = 0091 or p&gt; 0.05), 40.80 pg/mL vs.  25.95 pg / mL. The mean levels of PlGF in group A after 4 weeks administration of Folic acid is 89.60 pg / mL. It shows the escalation of 48.8 pg / mL. The elevation of PlGF level in group A shows significant difference (p = 0.000 or p &lt;0.05) after 4 weeks Folic acid treatment.The mean levels of PlGF in group B after 4 weeks administration of Dydrogesterone and Folic acid is 212.15 pg / mL. It shows the escalation of 186.20 pg / mL. The elevation of PlGF level in group B shows significant difference (p = 0.000 or p &lt;0.05) after 4 weeks Dydrogesterone and Folic acid treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Dydrogesterone treatment can increase the level of PlGF.</p>

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