BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF MODERN HOUSING:  ARCHITECTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

the questions of architectural and environmental solutions in the field of design and construction of low-rise residential buildings, including the distinctive properties of building materials due to the conditions of modern material culture, aesthetic features of the external and internal appearance of these buildings are considered. It is noted that the conceptual approach to the choice of technologies in the construction of these objects helps to determine the necessary organization and structure of work, as well as additional artistic methods of architectural expression. It is also indicated that along with the architectural expressiveness one of the main requirements for the comfort of living in a residential building becomes environmental safety. Considerable attention is paid to modern building materials and innovative technologies that form new creative challenges facing architects.

Download Full-text

THE SELECTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS TO IMPROVE THE COMFORT AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF CITY HOUSING

URBAN CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE ◽

10.17673/vestnik.2015.04.12 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 94-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anna Yur'evna ZHIGULINA ◽

Natalya Genrikhovna CHUMACHENKO

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Chemical Safety ◽

Sources Of Pollution ◽

Selection Of

The article is devoted to problems of creation of comfortable microclimate. Identifi es sources of pollution, completed their evaluation. Special att ention is paid to the selection of environmentally friendly building materials. In the production of building materials where toxic components can be industrial waste, replacing natural raw materials and chemical additives regulating the properties. In the operation of many building materials, especially those based on polymers, it is necessary to control the release of toxic substances resulting from degradation. For the assessment of comfort and environmental safety of housing is offered to create «Passports of residential buildings», which should be provided with information about construction materials used to evaluate this parameter, environmental home safety, including chemical safety as its component.

Download Full-text

Analysis on the Development of Residential Building Energy Conservation

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.533.135 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 533 ◽

pp. 135-139

Author(s):

Jia Hui Huang

Keyword(s):

Energy Conservation ◽

Energy Saving ◽

Building Materials ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

New Technology ◽

Residential Building ◽

Building Energy ◽

Building Energy Conservation ◽

New Energy ◽

Depth Study

Building Energy Conservation, especially the research about residential building energy in face of the worldwide energy crisis is particularly urgent. At present, various countries have an in-depth study of the residential building energy to explore different methods, new building materials, and new technology(such as new thermal windows and doors), as well as the use of new energy has been put more attention to in energy conservation field. Comparing the residential buildings between domestic and overseas countries’ progress about related technologies, we could find some evolution and look to the prospects for the future in energy-saving field. We took a domestic project that used energy-saving technology as a practical example, and then made a simple overview of the current energy situation in China so as to get a glimpse of the development about residential building energy-saving. Finally, the article provided some comments about this topic in sustainable view.

Download Full-text

Selection Analysis of Building Envelope with Building Materials in Summer Hot and Winter Cold Area — A Case Study in Xi’an Wall Insulation System

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.675.162 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 675 ◽

pp. 162-164

Author(s):

Xiao Lin Dong ◽

Dong Nan Han

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Building Materials ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Residential Building ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Insulation System ◽

Different Types ◽

Winter Cold

The model of residential buildings is established in allusion to the type of residential building wall exterior insulation system and the characteristics of the various features of the wall enclosure in summer hot and winter cold region. The energy consumption of different types of wall structure is simulated and calculated using energy simulation software DeST-h, the economic characters of the structure of energy consumption of different types were compared and analyzed comprehensively, the conservation and efficiency were quantitative analyzed, the principias for selecting the structure of residential buildings of wre provide based on the principle of maximizing energy efficiency.

Download Full-text

ECOLOGY IN MULTI-STORY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS-INTERDEPENDENCY BETWEEN ECOLOGY AND COSTS OF BUILDING MATERIALS

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction ◽

10.14455/isec.res.2019.62 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Koppelhuber ◽

Johannes Wall

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Material Selection ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Residential Building ◽

Ecological Impacts ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Construction Costs

More than 95% of multi-story residential buildings in Austria are currently predominantly constructed with conventional mineral construction materials. This fact combined with the increasing demands for a healthy residential living atmosphere demonstrates the great potential for using ecological materials. Life cycle assessments provide information on the ecological performance of buildings, but the corresponding economical aspects are not considered. Nevertheless, the economic aspects of a certain draft are important to clients and designers. Therefore, simplified assessment-tools are needed that take into account the ecological impact as well as the building costs. This paper presents the results of an investigation supplemented by a case study of a multistory residential building, which was finished 2016 in Austria, illustrating the differences between the state-of-the-art material selection and ecologically optimized alternatives. The ecological impacts and the costs for the selected building-system were determined based on the case study. Subsequently, ecological optimization potentials were identified according to the environmental indicator OI3. Finally, the effects on component and construction costs were evaluated. The steps of this simplified process reveal the interdependency between ecological aspects and the costs of materials. This procedure represents a decision-making tool that can be used by clients as well as designers. The results of this research emphasize the large environmental impact improvements with little expenses when implementing sustainability in multi-story residential buildings as a crucial part of a green design.

Download Full-text

Analysis of the Primary Building Materials in Support of G-SEED Life Cycle Assessment in South Korea

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10082820 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 2820 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hyojin Lim ◽

Sungho Tae ◽

Seungjun Roh

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

South Korea ◽

Building Materials ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Construction Material ◽

Residential Building ◽

Unit Value ◽

Design Documents

In recent years, much research has been conducted internationally to quantitatively evaluate the environmental impact of buildings in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address associated environmental problems. With this in mind, the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) in South Korea was revised in 2016. However, the various possible evaluation methods make it difficult to conduct building life cycle assessment. Moreover, compared to research on residential buildings, life cycle assessment research on non-residential buildings is scarce. Therefore, this study analyzes primary building materials for life cycle assessment of current non-residential buildings to support Korean G-SEED requirements. Design documents for various non-residential buildings are obtained, and the types and numbers of materials used in production are determined. Next, the primary building materials contributing high cumulative weight based on the ISO14040 series of standards are analyzed. We then review the most commonly-used building materials while considering non-residential building types and structures. In addition, construction material reliability is evaluated using the environmental impact unit value. With our results, by suggesting the primary building materials in non-residential buildings, efficient life cycle assessment of non-residential buildings is possible in terms of time and cost.

Download Full-text

Developing non-residential building stock archetypes for LCI—a German case study of office and administration buildings

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment ◽

10.1007/s11367-021-01963-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Buschka ◽

Julian Bischof ◽

Christina Meier-Dotzler ◽

Werner Lang

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Building Materials ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Residential Building ◽

Inventory Analysis ◽

Building Stock ◽

Simplified Lca ◽

Data Gaps

Abstract Purpose To accomplish the national and international climate goals, building renovation and optimisation of their energy and resource efficiency are essential. Thus, reliable information on the building stock (BS) is necessary. Most previous building typologies are focussing on residential buildings and the operational phase. This paper shows the development of a methodology for generating non-residential building (NRB) typologies for life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) of building constructions. Hereby, archetypes of office, administration and department (OAD) buildings are developed, exemplarily for the German NRB stock. The methodology can further be utilised for quantity surveying of urban material stocks, related recycling scenarios and waste management. Furthermore, the exemplarily generated archetypes provide necessary information for the estimation of realistic refurbishment scenarios. Methods Approaches for the development of NRB archetypes, the descriptions of associated building materials and the LCI of BS were analysed and integrated into a methodology. It provides a clear path on the classification in building usage categories and determination of relevant building parameters for conducting LCI studies. Its aim is the creation of NRB typologies, presenting construction materials and building geometry in a useful way for life-cycle assessments (LCA). To demonstrate the methodology’s usability, it is applied to a case study with the sample of 161 OAD buildings, provided by the German NRB database ENOB:dataNWG. In combination with relevant literature on BS archetypes and materials, a sample OAD building typology has been created. Results and discussion Minimum data requirements for conducting simplified LCI calculation of BSs were identified by analysing existing LCA methods, like the German BNB system. Important clusters for developing NRB archetypes were determined: building usage category, building construction types and building age. These data gaps between required information for simplified LCA studies and available information in ENOB:dataNWG were identified, and solutions for closing these data gaps were proposed and tested. Since building archetypes must reflect the overall BS, uncertainties were discussed. The ENOB:dataNWG database was not completed at the time this paper was written, so comprehensive uncertainty analyses are important next steps. Conclusions This methodology development forms the groundwork for creating LCI building typologies for simplified LCA studies. It shows practically how to deal with a BS database and illustrates which typical values can be chosen for closing data gaps. The methodology was tested on an exemplary sample of OAD buildings. Based on this case study, the methodology concept was proven useful for the generation of a NRB typology.

Download Full-text

Economic Potentials of Energy-Efficient Residential Building Envelope Retrofitting in Turkey

Architecture and Design ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-7314-2.ch027 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 728-755

Author(s):

M. Mustafa Erdoğdu ◽

Coşkun Karaca ◽

Ali Kurultay

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Thermal Resistance ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Building Materials ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Residential Building ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Heat Transfers

The amount of energy consumption in the residential buildings has a very significant share with nearly 30 percent in the total amount of energy consumption. Therefore, residential sector is identified in this chapter as being one of the areas with a large potential for energy savings. Inefficient dwelling construction and design methods are widely used in Turkey and only about five percent of residential buildings are insulated. Concerning the importance and immediate need in Turkey for energy-efficient residential building retrofitting, this chapter identifies economic benefits of such retrofitting by particularly focusing on heat transfers by conductivity, where the rate can be determined by surface size, thermal resistance of the building materials and their thickness.

Download Full-text

The Application of Green Architecture to Residential Building Development

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.34 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 193-194 ◽

pp. 34-39

Author(s):

Ron Chen ◽

Hsi Chi Yang ◽

Hsiao Chun Chang

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Building Materials ◽

Energy Use ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Residential Building ◽

Green Architecture ◽

Priority Weights ◽

Daily Energy ◽

The Government ◽

Labelling System

As a result of excessive construction and development, the earth environment has severely deteriorated. Based on the data from Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, the amount of CO2 emissions of the construction industry has exceeded one quarter of the national total. The CO2 emission distribution is 9.31% for building materials production, 0.2% for construction, 1.49% for materials transportation, 11.88% for residential daily energy use and 5.94% for commercial daily energy use with a total of 28.82%. It can be seen that the residential buildings play a key role on energy saving and CO2 emission reduction policy. Although, at present, new residential buildings over 50 million NT dollars are required to execute green architecture design to conform to the green architecture labelling system based on the related building regulations, the government policy of green architecture on residential buildings has been more or less passive. For the general residential buildings built earlier and newly built, the government is not yet to require them to comply with the green architecture labelling system. Therefore, it may influence the promotion of energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction policy. The green architecture development of residential buildings is influenced by a lot of criteria. By studying those criteria, the most easily implemented or most cost effective criteria can then be applied to them. This research tries to establish a assessing framework for applying green architecture to residential building development. This research first, through literature reviews and and expert interviews, determines the criteria and sub-criteria to be used in the initial assessing framework. Then, through expert questionnaires, the Delphi method is used to finalize the assessing framework. Finally, the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP) is used to identify the relative weights of criteria and sub-criteria. From the relative weights of criteria, the building materials criterion has the greatest impact on the application of green architecture to residential building development. The priority weights of sub-criteria can help us understand when to apply those sub-criteria. In gerneral, the sub-criteria with high priority weights can be immediately implemented in the existing and newly built residential buildings and the sub-criteria with low priority weights should be implemented in the design stage.

Download Full-text

Economic Potentials of Energy-Efficient Residential Building Envelope Retrofitting in Turkey

Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability - Handbook of Research on Green Economic Development Initiatives and Strategies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0440-5.ch015 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 340-367

Author(s):

M. Mustafa Erdoğdu ◽

Coşkun Karaca ◽

Ali Kurultay

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Thermal Resistance ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Building Materials ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Residential Building ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Heat Transfers

Download Full-text

MONITORING OF RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BUILDINGS

Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии ◽

10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-26-2-15-23 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 15-23

Author(s):

Sidelnikova

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Large Scale ◽

Building Materials ◽

Radiation Safety ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Natural Radionuclides ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Radiation Background ◽

Volgograd Region

Human economic activity leads to a significant redistribution of natural radionuclides in the environ-ment. Radiation background in buildings is considered as one of the main types of radiation exposure on the population, since a person spends most of his time indoors. Currently, with the adoption of federal laws: “On the radiation safety of the population” No. 3-FZ 09.01.1996, “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population” No. 52-FZ 30.03.1999, and also on the “Radiation Safety Standards "(NRB-99/2009)," Basic Sanitary Rules for Ensuring Radiation Safety "(OSPORB-99/2009), approaches to the organization of radiation control in the construction industry and, consequently, to the organization of radiation safety con-trol of the population, have changed in many ways. The article deals with the problems of ensuring radiation and environmental safety in the construction of buildings.The need for research on the radiation-ecological characteristics of buildings is shown. An important problem for the construction industry is the radiation and hygienic support of technological processes and construction. In many ways, the solution of the problems related to improving of the radiation safety of building complexes depends on the implementation of legisla-tion connected with population restrictions from exposure of natural radionuclides. The results of large-scale studies of the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides in building materials and industrial waste produced and used in the Volgograd region are presented in this article. It has been established that con-struction materials produced in the Volgograd region, in accordance with national legislative and regulatory requirements, belong to class 1 and can be used for the construction of residential and public buildings. There have been presented the results of the survey on the radon content in the air of residential buildings from various building materials, as well as the density of radon fluxes from the soil. Radiation monitoring of construction sites is necessa ensure the radiation safety of the population.

Download Full-text