Faculty Opinions recommendation of Physical activity and inflammatory markers over 10 years: follow-up in men and women from the Whitehall II cohort study.

ObjectiveTo examine whether lifestyle factors, including sedentary time and physical activity, could independently contribute to risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Study designCase-cohort study.SettingSouth-eastern USA.ParticipantsThe Southern Community Cohort Study recruited ~86 000 black and white participants from 2002 to 2009. We assembled a case cohort of 692 incident ESRD cases and a probability sample of 4113 participants.PredictorsSedentary time was calculated as hours/day from daily sitting activities. Physical activity was calculated as metabolic equivalent (MET)-hours/day from engagement in light, moderate and vigorous activities.OutcomesIncident ESRD.ResultsAt baseline, among the subcohort, mean (SD) age was 52 (8.6) years, and median (25th, 75th centile) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 102.8 (85.9–117.9) mL/min/1.73 m2. Medians (25th–75th centile) for sedentary time and physical activity were 8.0 (5.5–12.0) hours/day and 17.2 (8.7–31.9) MET-hours/day, respectively. Median follow-up was 9.4 years. We observed significant interactions between eGFR and both physical activity and sedentary behaviour (p<0.001). The partial effect plot of the association between physical activity and log relative hazard of ESRD suggests that ESRD risk decreases as physical activity increases when eGFR is 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. The inverse association is most pronounced at physical activity levels >27 MET-hours/day. High levels of sitting time were associated with increased ESRD risk only among those with reduced kidney function (eGFR ≤30 mL/min/1.73 m2); this association was attenuated after excluding the first 2 years of follow-up.ConclusionsIn a population with a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes, physical activity appears to be associated with reduced risk of ESRD among those with preserved kidney function. A positive association between sitting time and ESRD observed among those with advanced kidney disease is likely due to reverse causation.

Download Full-text

Effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviour on cardiometabolic risk factors and cognitive function in children: protocol for a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e030322 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yajie Lv ◽

Li Cai ◽

Zhaohuan Gui ◽

Xia Zeng ◽

Minyi Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Phase Ii ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Related Potentials

IntroductionAlthough studies showed that physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) were associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and cognitive function, both independent and combined associations among them are inconsistent. Cardiometabolic risk factors are also associated with cognitive function, but research of children is limited. Additionally, the brain level mechanisms have not been fully established. The proposed study aims to explore the associations and mechanisms of PA and SB on cognitive function and cardiometabolic risk factors in children.Methods and analysisThis is a school-based prospective cohort study. A total of 8324 participants of this study are primary school students aged 7–12 years old who are followed up every 2 years from January 2017 to December 2026. We used a stratified cluster random sampling to select five primary schools in Guangzhou, China. There are three phases at baseline. At phase I, we collect PA, SB and cognitive function by questionnaires and also conduct anthropometric and biochemical measurements in all participants. At phase II, PA, SB and cognitive function are measured respectively by accelerometers and cognitive tasks among participants randomly selected from four subgroups with different SB and PA levels. At phase III, event-related potentials are recorded using electroencephalogram during a cognitive task among participants randomly selected from phase II. We plan to follow-up all participants until they graduate from high school. The process applied at baseline and follow-up are approximately identical.Ethics and disseminationProcedures described in this manuscript have been approved by the Ethical Review Committee for Biomedical Research, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (L2016-010). All parents or guardians of participants signed the informed consent form voluntarily before participating in the study. The findings of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03582709

Download Full-text

Physical activity, cognitive decline, and risk of dementia: 28 year follow-up of Whitehall II cohort study

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.j2709 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. j2709 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Séverine Sabia ◽

Aline Dugravot ◽

Jean-François Dartigues ◽

Jessica Abell ◽

Alexis Elbaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Decline

Download Full-text

Causes of premature death and their associated risk factors in the Golestan Cohort Study, Iran

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021479 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e021479 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mahdi Nalini ◽

Ebele Oranuba ◽

Hossein Poustchi ◽

Sadaf G Sepanlou ◽

Akram Pourshams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Middle School ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Premature Death ◽

Fruit Consumption ◽

Associated Risk Factors

ObjectivesTo examine the causes of premature mortality (<70 years) and associated risk factors in the Golestan Cohort Study.DesignProspective.SettingThe Golestan Cohort Study in northeastern Iran.Participants50 045 people aged 40 or more participated in this population-based study from baseline (2004–2008) to August 2017, with over 99% success follow-up rate.Main outcome measuresThe top causes of premature death, HR and their 95% CI and population attributable fraction (PAF) for risk factors.ResultsAfter 444 168 person-years of follow-up (median of 10 years), 6347 deaths were reported, of which 4018 (63.3%) occurred prematurely. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) accounted for 33.9% of premature death, followed by stroke (14.0%), road injuries (4.7%), stomach cancer (4.6%) and oesophageal cancer (4.6%). Significant risk/protective factors were: wealth score (HR for highest vs lowest quintile: 0.57, PAF for lowest four quintiles vs top quintile: 28%), physical activity (highest vs lowest tertile: 0.67, lowest two tertiles vs top tertile: 22%), hypertension (1.50, 19%), opium use (1.69, 14%), education (middle school or higher vs illiterate: 0.84, illiterate or primary vs middle school or higher: 13%), tobacco use (1.38, 11%), diabetes (2.39, 8%) and vegetable/fruit consumption (highest vs lowest tertile: 0.87, lowest two tertiles vs top tertile: 8%). Collectively, these factors accounted for 76% of PAF in men and 69% in women.ConclusionIHD and stroke are the leading causes of premature mortality in the Golestan Cohort Study. Enhancing socioeconomic status and physical activity, reducing opium and tobacco use, increasing vegetable/fruit consumption and controlling hypertension and diabetes are recommended to reduce premature deaths.

Download Full-text