Faculty Opinions recommendation of Vitamin D and mortality: meta-analysis of individual participant data from a large consortium of cohort studies from Europe and the United States.

A growing body of research has documented racial disparities in depressive symptoms in the United States, although the precise magnitude on these differences is less well understood. This issue has important implications for informing public health policy, and developing and administering prevention and intervention strategies. In this protocol, we propose a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data from nationally representative studies from the United States drawn from Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). Our three aims are to: 1) Estimate the overall average difference of depressive symptoms between Whites and minorities, as well as between- (e.g., African-Americans, Latinos) and within- (e.g., Latinos: Mexican-Americans, Cuban-Americans) minority groups; 2) Determine if age, sex, education, income, occupation, socioeconomic status, and other variables account for these differences; 3) Test the cultural differences and similarities hypotheses. We argue that these health disparities are the result of social inequalities.

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34-LB: Vitamin D Supplementation and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with Prediabetes: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data from Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db21-34-lb ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 34-LB

Author(s):

ANASTASSIOS G. PITTAS ◽

TETSUYA KAWAHARA ◽

ROLF JORDE ◽

JASON P. NELSON ◽

EDITH ANGELLOTTI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Individual Participant

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Individual participant data (IPD)-level meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to estimate the vitamin D dietary requirements in dark-skinned individuals resident at high latitude

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-021-02699-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin D. Cashman ◽

Mairead E. Kiely ◽

Rikke Andersen ◽

Ida M. Grønborg ◽

Inge Tetens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

High Latitude ◽

Randomised Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Dietary Requirements ◽

Individual Participant ◽

Randomised Controlled

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Abstract MP017: Television Viewing and Life Expectancy in the United States

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.amp017 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Peter T Katzmarzyk ◽

I-Min Lee

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Television Viewing ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The United States ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Prospective Cohort Studies ◽

All Cause Mortality

Introduction: Sedentary behaviors such as television viewing are ubiquitous in modern society. Several prospective studies have demonstrated an association between television viewing and incident obesity and type 2 diabetes as well as cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Hypothesis: We tested the null hypothesis that television viewing has no impact on life expectancy in the United States. Methods: A prevalence-based cause-deleted methodology was used to estimate the gains in life expectancy in the population that would be expected under current mortality patterns if television viewing was eliminated as a potential risk factor in the United States. The population attributable fraction (PAF, calculated using adjusted relative risk (RR) = ∑P(RR-1/RR)) was computed from the RR of all-cause mortality associated with television viewing (2–3.9 h and ≥4 h versus < 2 h) obtained from a meta-analysis of available prospective cohort studies, and the estimated case prevalence (P) of television viewing obtained from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–06) and the prospective cohort studies. The resulting PAF was applied to mortality rates among 18+ year olds living in the United States and an abridged life table analysis was used to estimate the potential gains in life expectancy. Results: Three prospective cohort studies contributed data to the meta-analysis, yielding summary RR estimates for all-cause mortality of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.04 – 1.32) and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.22–1.82) for 2–3.9 h and ≥4 h of television viewing versus <2 h, respectively. The estimated case prevalences of television viewing in the U.S. population were 23.8%, 45.7% and 37.2% for <2 h, 2–3.9 h and ≥4 h of television viewing, respectively. The estimated gain in life expectancy in the US population associated with television viewing was 1.38 years. The lower and upper limits from a sensitivity analysis which involved simultaneously varying the estimates of RR (using the upper and lower bounds of the 95% CI) and the prevalence of television viewing (± 20%) were 0.48 years and 2.50 years. Conclusions: Reducing sedentary behaviors such as television viewing has the potential to increase life expectancy in the United States.

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Individual participant data (IPD)-level meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with vitamin D-fortified foods to estimate Dietary Reference Values for vitamin D

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-020-02298-x ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin D. Cashman ◽

Mairead E. Kiely ◽

Rikke Andersen ◽

Ida M. Grønborg ◽

Katja H. Madsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Reference Values ◽

Randomised Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Fortified Foods ◽

Dietary Reference Values ◽

Individual Participant ◽

Randomised Controlled

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Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and depressive symptoms: protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029716 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e029716

Author(s):

Lea Wildisen ◽

Elisavet Moutzouri ◽

Shanthi Beglinger ◽

Lamprini Syrogiannouli ◽

Anne R Cappola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Prospective Cohort Studies ◽

Individual Participant

IntroductionProspective cohort studies on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and depressive symptoms have yielded conflicting findings, possibly because of differences in age, sex, thyroid-stimulating hormone cut-off levels or degree of baseline depressive symptoms. Analysis of individual participant data (IPD) may help clarify this association.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review and IPD meta-analysis of prospective studies on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and depressive symptoms. We will identify studies through a systematic search of the literature in the Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases from inception to April 2019 and from the Thyroid Studies Collaboration. We will ask corresponding authors of studies that meet our inclusion criteria to collaborate by providing IPD. Our primary outcome will be depressive symptoms at the first available individual follow-up, measured on a validated scale. We will convert all the scores to the Beck Depression Inventory scale. For each cohort, we will estimate the mean difference of depressive symptoms between participants with subclinical hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and control adjusted for depressive symptoms at baseline. Furthermore, we will adjust our multivariable linear regression analyses for age, sex, education and income. We will pool the effect estimates of all studies in a random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity will be assessed by I2. Our secondary outcomes will be depressive symptoms at a specific follow-up time, at the last available individual follow-up and incidence of depression at the first, last and at a specific follow-up time. For the binary outcome of incident depression, we will use a logistic regression model.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected. Our findings will have considerable implications for patient care. We will seek to publish this systematic review and IPD meta-analysis in a high-impact clinical journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091627.

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Weniger akute Atemwegsinfekte durch Vitamin-D-Supplementation?

Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie ◽

10.1055/a-0648-6964 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 97 (08) ◽

pp. 524-525

Author(s):

Klaus Weckbecker

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Individual Participant ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽

25 Oh Vitamin D ◽

Tract Infections

Martineau AR. et al. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ 2017; 356: i6583 Vitamin D spielt Studien zufolge auch eine Rolle bei der Abwehr pathogener Keime: 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D (25[OH] Vitamin D) unterstützt z. B. die Synthese antimikrobieller Peptide. Es gibt also eine mögliche Erklärung für die Beobachtung, dass Personen mit niedrigen Vitamin-D-Spiegeln besonders empfindlich gegenüber respiratorischen Infekten sind. Untersuchungen zu einer präventiven Wirkung des Vitamin D verliefen jedoch zum Teil widersprüchlich.

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