The potential value of a pictorial atlas for aid in the visual diagnosis of 123I FP-CIT SPECT scans

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ham ◽  
A. Dobbeleir ◽  
P. Santens ◽  
Y. D'Asseler ◽  
I. Goethals
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Visual Diagnosis ◽  
Spect Images

SummaryThe aim of our study was to evaluate the value of a pictorial atlas of 123I FP-CIT SPECT images for aid in the visual diagnosis. Patients, materials, methods: Sixty patients, of whom 20 were clinically diagnosed as ‘non-parkinsonian’ and 40 as having Parkinson's disease or any related disorder, were included in the study. An atlas consisting of 12 123I FP-CIT SPECT images was constructed first. Validity of the atlas was investigated by performing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard. The remaining 48 SPECT images were visually assessed twice by 5 observers, first with and secondly without consulting the atlas, or vice versa. The added value of the atlas was investigated by comparing the diagnostic accuracy and the interobserver variability for both methods. Results: ROC analysis performed on the atlas yielded an area under the curve of 1 for a threshold discriminating between clinically non-parkinsonian and parkinsonian patients that was situated between image 4 and 5 of the atlas. For the diagnostic accuracy, we found that the area under the ROC curve was systematically higher if observers had access to the atlas compared to when they had not (Wilcoxon's test, p<0.05). Also, the interobserver variability was significantly lower when observers used the atlas when compared to when they did not (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher and interobserver variability significantly lower if observers had access to the atlas compared to when they had not. Hence, having a pictorial atlas available may facilitate the visual assessment of 123I FP-CIT SPECT scans.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Holotranscobalamin, Vitamin B12, Methylmalonic Acid, and Homocysteine in Detecting B12 Deficiency in a Large, Mixed Patient Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Araceli Jarquin Campos ◽  
Lorenz Risch ◽  
Urs Nydegger ◽  
Jacobo Wiesner ◽  
Maclovia Vazquez Van Dyck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
First Line ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Difference

Four biomarkers are commonly employed to diagnose B12 deficiency: vitamin B12 (B12), holotranscobalamin (HoloTC), methylmalonic acid (MMA), and homocysteine (Hcy). 4cB12, a combined index of the B12 status, has been suggested to improve the recognition of B12 deficiency. We aimed to evaluate the four different markers for detecting B12 deficiency, as determined by 4cB12. Within a large, mixed patient population, 11,833 samples had concurrent measurements of B12, HoloTC, MMA, and Hcy. 4cB12 was calculated according to the methods described by Fedosov. Diagnostic cutoffs as well as diagnostic accuracy for the detection of B12 deficiency were assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The median age was 56 years, and women accounted for 58.8% of the samples. Overall, the area under the curve (AUC) for the detection of subclinical B12 deficiency was highest for HoloTC (0.92), followed by MMA (0.91), B12 (0.9) and Hcy (0.78). The difference between HoloTC and B12 was driven by a significantly higher AUC for HoloTC (0.93) than for B12 (0.89), MMA (0.91), and Hcy in women 50 years and older (0.79; p<0.05 for all). In the detection of subclinical B12 deficiency, there were no significant differences in the AUCs of HoloTC, B12, and MMA among men and women <50 years. In conclusion, in women<50 years and in men, HoloTC, MMA, or Hcy do not appear superior to B12 for the detection of B12 deficiency. For women 50 years and older, HoloTC seems to be the preferred first-line marker for the detection of subclinical B12 deficiency.

scholarly journals Expression Analysis of Circulating miR-22, miR-122, miR-217 and miR-367 as Promising Biomarkers of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh hosseinpour-soleimani ◽  
Gholamreza Khamisipour ◽  
Zahra Derakhshan ◽  
Bahram Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Expression Levels

Abstract Background Currently, the role of serum-based biomarkers such as microRNAs in cancer diagnosis has been extensively established. This study aimed to determine expression levels of bioinformatically selected miRNAs and whether they can be used as biomarkers or a new therapeutic target in patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Materials and Methods The expression levels of serum miR-22, miR-122, miR-217, and miR-367 in 21 ALL patients and 21 healthy controls were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the associated area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess candidate miRNAs' diagnostic value as a biomarker. Results The results showed that miR-217 was markedly decreased in patients with ALL compared to controls. Moreover, miR-22, miR-122, and miR-367 were found to be upregulated. Furthermore, ROC analysis showed that serum miR-217 and miR-367 could differentiate ALL patients from the healthy individuals, while miR-22 has approximate discriminatory power that requires further investigation. Conclusion Collectively, the results suggested that miR-217 may play a tumor suppressor role in ALL, whereas miR-22, miR-122, and miR-367 could function as an oncogene. Overall, miR-22, miR-217, and miR-367 could be considered possible biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ALL.

scholarly journals Cut-off limits of the peak GH response to stimulation tests for the diagnosis of GH deficiency in children and adolescents: study in patients with organic GHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Guzzetti ◽  
Anastasia Ibba ◽  
Sabrina Pilia ◽  
Nadia Beltrami ◽  
Natascia Di Iorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Stimulation Tests

ObjectiveThe diagnosis of GH deficiency (GHD) in children and adolescents is established when GH concentrations fail to reach an arbitrary cut-off level after at least two provocative tests. The objective of the study was to define the optimal GH cut-offs to provocative tests in children and adolescents.DesignRetrospective study in 372 subjects who underwent evaluation of GH secretion. GH and IGF-I were measured by chemiluminescence assay in all samples. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the optimal GH cut-offs and the diagnostic accuracy of provocative tests.MethodsSeventy four patients with organic GHD (GH peak <10μg/L after two provocative tests) and 298 control subjects (GH response >10μg/L to at least one test) were included in the study. The provocative tests used were arginine, insulin tolerance test (ITT) and clonidine. Diagnostic criteria based on cut-offs identified by ROC analysis (best pair of values for sensitivity and specificity) were evaluated for each test individually and for each test combined with IGF-I SDS.ResultsThe optimal GH cut-off for arginine resulted 6.5μg/L, 5.1μg/L for ITT and 6.8μg/L for clonidine. IGF-I SDS has low accuracy in diagnosing GHD (AUC=0.85). The combination of the results of provocative tests with IGF-I concentrations increased the specificity.ConclusionsThe results of the ROC analysis showed that the cut-off limits which discriminate between normal and GHD are lower than those commonly employed. IGF-I is characterized by low diagnostic accuracy.

CA549 and TPS Patterns in the Diagnosis and Staging of Patients with Breast Carcinoma

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.G. Vibert ◽  
A.S. Houston ◽  
G.P. Wilkins ◽  
P.M. Kemp ◽  
M.A. Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Variable Threshold ◽  
Individual Marker ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Active Disease

This study compares the clinical value of the breast cancer tumour markers CA549 and TPS, and their tandem use when one or both markers indicate abnormality. For 144 patients presenting with active disease, 33 were classified as Stage I, 37 as Stage II, 40 as Stage III and 34 as Stage TV. For these patients the sensitivity of CA549 using a cut-off of 10 U/ml was 27%, 32%, 42% and 79%, respectively. The sensitivity of TPS for each stage using a cut-off of 100 U/l was 12%, 22%, 28% and 73%, respectively. At these cut-off levels, 36%, 46%, 63% and 91% of patients, respectively, have either CA549 or TPS or both markers raised. For 161 patients with diagnosed benign breast disease, the specificity of marker levels was 96% for CA549, 88% for TPS and 84% for tandem use. CA549 is shown to be superior to TPS and this was confirmed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis using variable threshold levels, with the areas under the curves for all stages combined being 0.74 ± 0.03 (1SD) and 0.66 ± 0.03, respectively. The corresponding area under the curve for tandem use (0.75 ± 0.03) is marginally greater than for either individual marker, although the difference with respect to CA549 is statistically insignificant.

scholarly journals Serum Epiplakin Might Be a Potential Serodiagnostic Biomarker for Bladder Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5150
Author(s):  
Soichiro Shimura ◽  
Kazumasa Matsumoto ◽  
Yuriko Shimizu ◽  
Kohei Mochizuki ◽  
Yutaka Shiono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Clinicopathological Findings

Tumor markers that can be detected at an early stage are needed. Here, we evaluated the epiplakin expression levels in sera from patients with bladder cancer (BC). Using a micro-dot blot array, we evaluated epiplakin expression levels in 60 patients with BC, 20 patients with stone disease, and 28 healthy volunteers. The area under the curve (AUC) and best cut-off point were calculated using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Serum epiplakin levels were significantly higher in patients with BC than in those with stone disease (p = 0.0013) and in healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001). The AUC-ROC level for BC was 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69–0.87). Using a cut-off point of 873, epiplakin expression levels exhibited 68.3% sensitivity and 79.2% specificity for BC. However, the serum epiplakin levels did not significantly differ by sex, age, pathological stage and grade, or urine cytology. We performed immunohistochemical staining using the same antibody on another cohort of 127 patients who underwent radical cystectomy. Univariate and multivariate analysis results showed no significant differences between epiplakin expression, clinicopathological findings, and patient prognoses. Our results showed that serum epiplakin might be a potential serodiagnostic biomarker in patients with BC.

scholarly journals Study On Coronary Dissection Complication Caused by Uneven Rotational Atherectomy Due To Guidewire Bias for Severe Calcified Lesions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ye ◽  
Wei You ◽  
Hong-li Zhang ◽  
Tian Xu ◽  
Pei-na Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Rotational Atherectomy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Meaning ◽  
Oct Imaging ◽  
Calcified Coronary Lesions ◽  
Catheter Location

Abstract BACKGROUND In the treatment of coronary calcification by rotational atherectomy (ROTA), guidewire bias is often considered to lead to procedure associated coronary dissections or perforations. However, the actual meaning of guidewire bias is unclear, though it usually refers to the cross-section location of the intravascular imaging (IVI) catheter in the coronary artery. OBJECTIVES This study tentatively explores the quantitative criteria in optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of guidewire bias which may cause ROTA induced coronary dissection. METHODS A total of twenty-one patients with severe calcified coronary lesions who has undergone ROTA treatment were enrolled in our study. These patients were detected by OCT successfully pre- and post-ROTA. All the observational coronary segments were analyzed cross-sectionally at every mm interval after manual coregistration of OCT imaging pre- and post-ROTA. ROTA related coronary dissection was the primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 388 OCT cross-sectional images were effectively measured and analyzed for distribution and characteristics of plaque and OCT catheter location pre-ROTA, and the presence or absence of coronary dissections post-ROTA after manual coregistration. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, distance from the center of OCT catheter to media at the bias direction (Dcmb) (area under the curve (AUC): 1.000, p<0.001, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.999 to 1.000) and touch angle (AUC: 0.988, p<0.001, 95%CI: 0.968 to 1.000) had a higher correlation with ROTA-related coronary dissection with the corresponding cutoff value of 0.720mm and 98.2º significantly. CONCLUSIONS Dcmb and touch angle detected by OCT are two very valuable and convenient independent predictors of ROTA-related coronary intimal dissections caused by guidewire bias.

scholarly journals 215 Assessment of the Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity of Pain Biomarkers in Cattle Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Miriam S Martin ◽  
Michael Kleinhenz ◽  
Karen Schwartzkopf-Genswein ◽  
Johann Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Good Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Biomarkers are commonly used to assess pain and analgesic drug efficacy in livestock. However, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers for different pain conditions over time have not been described. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are graphical plots that illustrate the diagnostic ability of a test as its discrimination threshold is varied. The objective of this analysis was to use area under the curve (AUC) values derived from ROC analysis to assess the predictive value of pain biomarkers at specific timepoints. The biomarkers included in the analysis were blood cortisol, salivary cortisol, hair cortisol, infrared thermography (IRT), mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT), substance P, and outcomes from a pressure/force measurement system and visual analog scale. A total sample size of 7,992 biomarker outcomes were collected from 6 pain studies involving pain associated with castration, dehorning, lameness, and surgery were included in the analysis. Each study consisted of three treatments; pain, no pain, and analgesia. All statistics were performed using statistical software (JMP Pro 14.0, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC). Results comparing analgesia verses pain yielded good diagnostic accuracy (AUC &gt; 0.7; 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.99) for blood cortisol (timepoints 1.5, 2, and 6 hours); IRT (timepoints 6, 8, 12, and 72 hours); and MNT (timepoints 6, 25, and 49 hours). These results indicate that ROC analysis can be a useful indicator of the predictive value of pain biomarkers and certain timepoints seem to yield good diagnostic accuracy while many do not.

scholarly journals Serum Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity Predicts Prognosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzo Suzuki ◽  
Takafumi Suda ◽  
Kazuhiro Asada ◽  
Seiichi Miwa ◽  
Masako Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Rate Limiting

ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major health problem, and there are few biomarkers for predicting prognosis. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a potent immunoregulatory molecule, catalyzes the rate-limiting step of tryptophan (Trp) degradation in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway. An increase in IDO activity determined by the serum Trp/Kyn ratio has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in cancers and bacteremia. In TB, however, there are no studies measuring serum IDO activity to determine its clinical significance. We evaluated serum IDO activity with 174 pulmonary TB (PTB) patients and 85 controls, using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. IDO activity was estimated by calculating the serum Kyn-to-Trp ratio. PTB patients had significantly higher Kyn concentrations and IDO activity and significantly lower Trp concentrations (P< 0.0001,P< 0.0001, andP< 0.0001, respectively) than the controls. Of 174 PTB patients, 39 (22.4%) died. The patients who died had significantly higher concentrations of Kyn and significantly lower Trp concentrations, resulting in significantly higher IDO activity (P< 0.0001,P< 0.0001, andP< 0.0001, respectively). In a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, serum IDO activity had the highest area under the curve (0.850), and this activity was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. These results suggest that serum IDO activity can be used as a novel prognostic marker in PTB.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma: Elevated microRNA miR-181b-5p and Reduced miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p Expression as Potential Biomarkers with Diagnostic Value

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Sarah Atef Fahim ◽  
Mahmoud Salah Abdullah ◽  
Nancy A. Espinoza-Sánchez ◽  
Hebatallah Hassan ◽  
Ayman M. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
E Box ◽  
Aggressive Breast Cancer ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare yet aggressive breast cancer variant, associated with a poor prognosis. The major challenge for IBC is misdiagnosis due to the lack of molecular biomarkers. We profiled dysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in primary samples of IBC and non-IBC tumors using human breast cancer miRNA PCR array. We discovered that 28 miRNAs were dysregulated (10 were upregulated, while 18 were underexpressed) in IBC vs. non-IBC tumors. We identified 128 hub genes, which are putative targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs and modulate important cancer biological processes. Furthermore, our qPCR analysis independently verified a significantly upregulated expression of miR-181b-5p, whereas a significant downregulation of miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p was detected in IBC tumors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves implied that the four miRNAs individually had a diagnostic accuracy in discriminating patients with IBC from non-IBC and that miR-203a-3p had the highest diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.821. Interestingly, a combination of miR-181b-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-200c-3p robustly improved the diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.897. Intriguingly, qPCR revealed that the expression of zinc finger E box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) mRNA, the putative target of miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p, was upregulated in IBC tumors. Overall, this study identified a set of miRNAs serving as potential biomarkers with diagnostic relevance for IBC.

Evaluation of Serum GDF15, AFP, and PIVKA-II as Diagnostic Markers for HBV-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Chen ◽  
Dongling Tang ◽  
Chu Xu ◽  
Zhili Niu ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Objective To evaluate the potential diagnostic value of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) alone and its combination with protein induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Serum levels of GDF15, PIVKA-II, and AFP were measured in 110 patients with HBV-associated HCC, 70 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC), 70 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and 110 healthy patients. Results Serum GDF15 was positively related to the levels of PIVKA-II and AFP in patients with HCC (r = 0.352 and r = 0.378; all P &lt;.0001). When the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for patients with HCC vs all control patients, serum GDF15 had diagnostic parameters of an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.693, a sensitivity of 67.30%, and a specificity of 66.70%, which were lower than parameters for PIVKA-II and AFP (all P &lt;.0001). When the ROC curve was plotted for patients with HCC vs patients with LC, the combination of GDF15 and PIVKA-II had the highest diagnostic accuracy of AUC and specificity as compared with other combinations (all P &lt;.0001). Conclusion We found that GDF15 is a potent serum marker for the detection of HBV-associated HCC and that PIVKA-II combined with GDF15 can improve diagnostic accuracy for HBV-associated HCC.

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