scholarly journals Determination and risk assessment of heavy metals in air dust fall particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
Amir Javid ◽  
Alireza Nasiri ◽  
Hakimeh Mahdizadeh ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Momtaz ◽  
Mahdieh Azizian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Dust Fall ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Continuous Measures ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index

Background: Urban and industrial development has increased the concentration of heavy metals in various environments, and also, increased their amount in dust fall particles. The aim of this study was to determine and assess the risk of heavy metals in air dust fall particles. Methods: Sampling of air dust fall particles was performed using the British model Dust Fall Jar devices. Heavy metals concentrations in the samples were determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer device. Then, the risk assessment of heavy metals in air dust fall was calculated by three indicators including enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and integrated pollution index (IPI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Excel 2016 software. Results: Zn was the most abundant heavy metal. The results of EF index showed that the highest degree of enrichment of dust fall particles with heavy metals is related to Ag and the lowest one is related to Cr. Also, the changes of Mean of both Igeo and IP indicators were as Ag > Pb > Zn > Cd > Cu > Co > Cr. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that Cr metal is originated from the earth and other metals are of man-made origin and are mainly due to the emissions of vehicles and industries. Also, on average, the samples had very low pollution in relation to all metals. Although the amount of pollution caused by heavy metals has not exceeded the allowable limits, but considering industrial development programs in the region, continuous measures to control air pollution caused by industries, are absolutely necessary.

Distribution and Contamination Status of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments along Western Coast of Bali Strait, Banyuwangi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Defri Yona ◽  
Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari ◽  
Anedathama Kretarta ◽  
Citra Ravena Putri Effendy ◽  
Misba Nur Aini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

This study attempted to analyze the distribution and contamination status of heavy metals (Cu, Fe and Zn) along western coast of Bali Strait in Banyuwangi, East Java. Bali Strait is one of the many straits in Indonesia with high fisheries activities that could potentially contributed to high heavy metal pollution. There were five sampling areas from the north to south: Pantai Watu Dodol, Pantai Kalipuro, Ketapang Port, Pantai Boom and Muncar as the fish landing area. Heavy metal pollution in these locations comes from many different activities such as tourism, fish capture and fish industry and also domestic activities. Contamination factor (CF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) of each heavy metal were calculated to obtain contamination status of the research area. The concentrations of Fe were observed the highest (1.5-129.9 mg/kg) followed by Zn (13.2-23.5 mg/kg) and Cu (2.2-7.8 mg/kg). The distribution of Cu, Fe and Zn showed variability among the sampling locations in which high concentrations of Cu and Zn were higher in Ketapang Port, whereas high concentration of Fe was high in almost all sampling locations. According to the pollution index, contamination factors of Cu, Fe and Zn were low (CF < 1 and Igeo < 1). However, high index of EF (> 50) showed high influence of the anthropogenic activities to the contribution of the metals to the environment. This could also because of the high background value used in the calculation of the index due to the difficulties in finding background value from the sampling areas.Keywords: heavy metals, pollution index, contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, Bali Strait

scholarly journals Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Heavy Metals by Using Chemical Indices Approach in Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-366
Author(s):  
Aziz Ur Rahman ◽  
Haq Nawaz Abbasi ◽  
Muhammad Owais
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Industrial Estates ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Freshwater Consumption

Freshwater consumption has been increased because of population growth and economic development. At the same time, depletion and contamination of groundwater is subject of great concern. Karachi is the industrial hub and serves as the economic backbone of Pakistan. The research aims to investigate the heavy metal pollution in the groundwater of Korangi Industrial Area, one of the largest industrial estates in Karachi. Eighteen representative locations were selected to collect groundwater samples and study the concentrations of heavy metals Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Pollution load index, Nemerow's pollution index, and geo accumulation index approaches were used to interpret the basic data. The average concentrations of the measured heavy metals were 354.67 µg.L-1 , 694.33 µg.L-1 , 39.2 µg.L-1 , 12.89 µg.L-1 , 9.5 µg.L-1 , and 6.17 µg.L-1 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Ni, respectively. The results showed that groundwater quality in the study area is poor and mainly contaminated by Pb and Fe.

scholarly journals Heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of dust fall related to industrial activities in desert steppes

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12430
Author(s):  
Zhe Xu ◽  
Wenbao Mi ◽  
Nan Mi ◽  
Xingang Fan ◽  
Ying Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
Dust Fall ◽  
Desert Steppes

China’s desert steppe is the transition zone between the grasslands in central China and the arid desert. Ecological security in this region has long been a subject of debate, both in the local and academic communities. Heavy metals and other pollutants are readily released during industrial production, combustion, and transportation, aggravating the vulnerability of the desert steppes. To understand the impact of industrial activiteis on the heavy metal content of dust fall in the desert steppe, a total of 37 dust fall samples were collected over 90 days. An inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (NexION 350X) was used to measure the concentration of heavy metals Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Co, and Zn in the dust. Using comprehensive pollution index and multivariate statistical analysis methods, we explored the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution. We also quantitatively assessed the carcinogenic risks of heavy metals resulting from dust reduction with the help of health risk assessment models. The heavy metals’ comprehensive pollution index values in the study area’s dust fall were ranked as follows: Zn > Cd > Pb > Mn > Cu > Co > Cr. Among these, Zn, Cd, and Pb were significant pollution factors in the study area, and were affected by industrial production and transportation. The high pollution index was concentrated in the north of the research industrial park and on both sides of a highway. The seven heavy metals’ total non-carcinogenic risk index (HI) values were ranked as follows: Mn > Co > Pb > Zn > Cr > Cu > Cd (only the HI of Mn was greater than one). Excluding Mn, the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk index values of the other six heavy metals were within acceptable ranges. Previous studies have also shown that industrial transportation and production have had a significant impact on the heavy metal content of dust fall in the desert steppe.

scholarly journals South-West Benin Coastal Lagoon: Waters and sediments’ toxicity and contents in heavy metals during high water period (Togbin to the Mono Mouth)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1249-1263
Author(s):  
O.B.M. Lucinde Bocodaho ◽  
Waris Kéwouyèmi Chouti ◽  
R. Arthur Cakpo ◽  
Daouda Mama
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
High Water ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
High Water Period ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index

The uncontrollable population growth is reaching Benin's rivers, especially the coastal lagoon, raising then the thorny problem of pollution, which is considerably accentuated by the malevolent behavior of the populations. The aim of this paper is to characterize the degree of contamination of the water and sediments of the lagoon in heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb and Fe) through the dosage with the molecular absorption spectrophotometer type DR 3900. At the same time, a cytotoxicity test with Allium cepa will be carried out in order to evaluate the toxic potential of the pollutants responsible for the degradation of the lagoon. The Cd, Cu and Zn contents in the water and sediments far exceed the accepted standards at almost all the stations. The Pollution Index (PI) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicate the existence of polymetallic pollution in the sediments, which is extremely strong and dominated in order to decrease abundance by: Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb. The results of the cytotoxicity test highlight acute toxicity on 82% of the stations surveyed. The poor states of the coastal lagoon indexed by this study, impose the application of urgent measures of participative management, preservation and sanitation of the coastal zone

Geo-Accumulation Index of Heavy Metals in Pond Water Sediment of Raipur

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Jena ◽  
Sanjay Ghosh ◽  
Aditi Pande ◽  
Kresimir Maldini ◽  
Natalija Matic
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

scholarly journals Source and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil–Ginger System in the Jing River Basin of Shandong Province, North China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6749
Author(s):  
Songtao Wang ◽  
Zongjun Gao ◽  
Yuqi Zhang ◽  
Hairui Zhang ◽  
Zhen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Cr Content

This study investigated the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in a soil–ginger system and assessed their health risks. To this end, 321 topsoil samples and eight soil samples from a soil profile, and 18 ginger samples with root–soil were collected from a ginger-planting area in the Jing River Basin. The average concentration of heavy metals in the topsoil followed the order: Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. In the soil profile, at depths greater than 80 cm, the contents of Cr, Ni, and Zn tended to increase with depth, which may be related to the parent materials, whereas As and Cu contents showed little change. In contrast, Pb content decreased sharply from top to bottom, which may be attributable to external environmental and anthropogenic factors. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd contents in soil are affected by natural sources, Pb and As contents are significantly affected by human activities, and Hg content is affected by farmland irrigation. Combined results of the single pollution index (Pi), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and potential ecological risk assessment (Ei and RI) suggest that soil in the study area is generally not polluted by heavy metals. In ginger, Zn content was the highest (2.36 mg/kg) and Hg content was the lowest (0.0015 mg/kg). Based on the bioconcentration factor, Cd and Zn have high potential for enrichment in ginger. With reference to the limit of heavy metals in tubers, Cr content in ginger exceeds the standard in the study area. Although Cr does not accumulate in ginger, Cr enrichment in soil significantly increases the risk of excessive Cr content in ginger.

scholarly journals Biological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments and Health Risk Assessment in Marine Organisms from Daya Bay, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Zexing Kuang ◽  
Yangguang Gu ◽  
Yiyong Rao ◽  
Honghui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Primary Pollutant ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The concentrations of heavy metals in sediments and marine organisms in Daya Bay were investigated, and the Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the uncertainty of the results of geo-accumulation characteristics and ecological and health risks. The mean concentrations of metal elements in sediments were in the following order: Zn > Cr > Cu > As > Cd > Hg, while those in marine organisms were Zn > Cu > As > Cr ≈ Cd > Hg. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that the primary pollutant was Hg, with 5.46% moderately polluted, and 39.52% for unpolluted to moderately polluted. Potential ecological risks (RI) were between low and high risks, and the contributions of Hg, Cd, and As to ecological risks were 50.85%, 33.92%, and 11.47%, respectively. The total hazard coefficients (THQ) were less than 1, but on the basis of total carcinogenic risks (TCR), the probability of children and adults exceeded the unacceptable risk threshold of 22.27% and 11.19%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis results showed that the concentrations of carcinogenic elements contributed to risk in the order of As > Cd > Cr. Therefore, in order to effectively control heavy metals contamination in Daya Bay, it is necessary to strengthen the management of Hg, Cd, and As emissions.

Baseline Values for Heavy Metals in Soils on Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen Island, Arctic: The Extent of Anthropogenic Pollution

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1260-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Ling Hao ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Hai Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Cumulative Sums

Heavy metal contents (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb) have been measured in 40 surface soils on Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen Island, Arctic, which were in concentrations (in milligrams kilogram1) of 13.3-127 (Cr), 1.72-38.8 (Ni), 7.84-47.3 (Cu), 26.5-123 (Zn), 2.17-9.22 (As), 0-2.4 (Cd), 0.21-0.38 (Hg), 0-129 (Pb). Relative cumulative sums analysis and relative cumulative frequency analysis were used to determine the baseline values for the 8 metals, yielding values of Cr (24.7 mg/kg), Ni (6.24 mg/kg) , Cu (11.5 mg/kg) , Zn (77.3 mg/kg) , As (2.60 mg/kg) , Hg (0.27 mg/kg) , Pb (4.38mg/kg). Geo-accumulation index method was applied in order to determine the extent of anthropogenic contamination. Principal component analysis was put into use aiming to identify the sources of these heavy metals. The results showed that Pb, Cr, Cd and Hg have been significantly elevated in concentration by human activities.

scholarly journals Distribution, source, water quality and health risk assessment of dissolved heavy metals in major rivers in Wuhan, China

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11853
Author(s):  
Xingyong Zhang ◽  
Qixin Wu ◽  
Shilin Gao ◽  
Zhuhong Wang ◽  
Shouyang He
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Source Water Quality

Heavy metals are released into the water system through various natural processes and anthropogenic activities, thus indirectly or directly endangering human health. The distribution, source, water quality and health risk assessment of dissolved heavy metals (V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Mo, Sb) in major rivers in Wuhan were analyzed by correlation analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR). The results showed that the spatial variability of heavy metal contents was pronounced. PCA and CA results indicated that natural sources controlled Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Mo, and industrial emissions were the dominant factor for V, Zn and Sb, while As was mainly from the mixed input of urban and agricultural activities. According to the heavy metal pollution index (HPI, ranging from 23.74 to 184.0) analysis, it should be noted that As and Sb contribute most of the HPI values. The health risk assessment using HI and CR showed that V and Sb might have a potential non-carcinogenic risk and As might have a potential carcinogenic risk to adults and children in the study area (CR value exceeded target risk 10−4). At the same time, it was worth noting that As might have a potential non-carcinogenic risk for children around QLR (HI value exceeded the threshold value 1). The secular variation of As and Sb should be monitor in high-risk areas. The results of this study can provide important data for improving water resources management efficiency and heavy metal pollution prevention in Wuhan.

scholarly journals Concentration and pollution assessment of heavy metals within surface sediments of the Raohe Basin, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wei ◽  
Maoqing Duan ◽  
Yiping Li ◽  
Amechi S. Nwankwegu ◽  
Yong Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Extraction Scheme ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

Abstract Surface sediment samples were collected from four areas (the Jingdezhen Industrialized Area (JDZ), Upstream (UP), the Dexing Mining Area (DX), and Downstream (DM)) to investigate the concentration and chemical composition of heavy metals. The sediments were analysed for Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Ni using a sequential extraction scheme according to the improved BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) method. The obtained results show that the maximum values of Cu (793.52 μg·g−1), Zn (72.09 μg·g−1), Pb (222.19 μg·g−1), and Cd (1.60 μg·g−1) were collected from the DX sampling area, while the JDZ area had the highest concentrations of Cr (97.09 μg·g−1), As (318.05 μg·g−1), and Ni (66.35 μg·g−1). The majority of metal values far exceeded their corresponding background values. The risk analysis of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that the heavy metals Cu and As were the main pollution factors and each element of the pollution degree followed the order of: Cu > As > Pb > Cd > Cr > Zn. Metal partitioning characteristics were also considered and more than 80% of metals show potential bioavailability and toxic effects.

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