scholarly journals Prevalence of Renal Colic in the Emergency Departments: A Multi-center Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Mehdi Torabi ◽  
Fahimeh Shojaee ◽  
Moghaddameh Mirzaee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kidney Calculi ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
East Of Iran ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Center Study

Background: Kidney calculi are the most common cause of kidney failure. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of renal colic and its risk factors in the patients referred to two emergency departments during a year. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in two hospitals in Kerman city, south-east of Iran, for one year from March 2019 to March 2020. All the archives of the two emergency departments were reviewed, and the required information was recorded in a checklist. The data was analyzed in SPSS 20 software. Results: A total of 504 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of renal colic was 0.5%. Most of the patients (58.5%) had an age between 19 and 39 years, and the majority (60.1%) were males and had a body mass index (BMI) above 25. A family history of renal colic was reported in 68.7% of the patients, and 63.9% had either hypertension or diabetes. Most of the patients consumed less than 3 liters of water per day. The highest referrals were seen in autumn (31.5%) and summer (27.4%). Conclusion: Considering the relationship between renal colic and age, sex, BMI, occupation, a family history of the disease, the presence of underlying diseases, the amount and type of drinking water, and the season of referral, it is recommended to control these risk factors to reduce the incidence of the disease.

scholarly journals Study on Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension at Sipaghat of Sindhupalchowk District, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Naresh Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies. Males have slightly higher prevalence than female in most of countries of Southeast-Asian region.Objective: The objective of study is to find out prevalence and the risk factors of hypertension at Sipaghat, Sindhulchowk, Nepal.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sipaghat of Sindhupalchowk district in May 2016 and 260 persons were selected randomly. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was higher in male (25.4%) than female (17.4%). Mean age of study population was 42.08 years with standard deviation, 15.95 years. Variables namely age group, smoking, alcohol consumption and family history of hypertension were found to be significant at 5 percent level of significance. Alcohol consumption and smokers have more than two times higher chance of getting hypertension compared to alcohol non-consumer and nonsmoker with 95% confidence intervals were 1.08-4.80 and 1.21-6.10, respectively. Persons with family history of hypertension have 3.8 times more chance of getting hypertension compared to no family history of hypertension with 1.89-7.61 of 95% confidence interval.Conclusion: Lifestyle modification reduces blood pressure which prevents or delays the incidence of hypertension. Hypertension can be controlled and prevented by modifying the lifestyle. People should be advised to avoid modifiable risk factors of hypertension like smoking, consumption of alcohol and physical inactivity through health education programs.Nepalese Journal of Statistics, 2017, Vol. 1, 73-82

scholarly journals Prevalence of major cardiovascular disease risk factors among a group of sub-Saharan African young adults: a population-based cross-sectional study in Yaoundé, Cameroon

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e029858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
Bibiane Siaheu Kameni ◽  
Felix Kembe Assah ◽  
Jean Joel Bigna ◽  
Saint-Just Petnga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Consumption

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence estimates of some major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a young adult-aged population living in Yaoundé, Cameroon.DesignA cross-sectional study held from May to July 2017.SettingParticipantsStudents aged 18–35 years, with no known history of CVD, found at the campus during recruitment and who voluntarily agreed to be included in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresData were collected on personal and family history as well as lifestyle and nutritional habits; anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were also measured. Prevalence rates were calculated with their respective 95% CI.ResultsOverall, 931 participants (53.8% males) were included, with a median age of 23 years (IQR 21–25). The prevalence estimates for some major CVD risk factors were: 3.1% (95% CI 2.0 to 4.2) for family history of heart attack, 6.3% (95% CI 4.7 to 7.9) for family history of stroke, 26.7% (95% CI 23.9 to 29.5) for hazardous alcohol consumption, 0.9% (95% 0.3 to 1.5) for current tobacco smoking, 27.6% (95% CI 24.7 to 30.5) for secondhand smoking, 88.9% (95% CI 86.9 to 90.9) for physical inactivity, 99.0% (95% CI 98.4 to 99.6) for inadequate fruits and/or vegetables consumption, 39.8% (95% CI 36.7 to 42.9) for self-reported anxiety, 49.2% (95% CI 46.0 to 52.4) for self-reported depression, 22.1% (95% CI 19.4 to 24.8) for overweight, 3.9% (95% CI 2.7 to 5.1) for obesity, 14.4% (95% CI 12.1 to 16.7) for abdominal obesity, 14.5% (95% CI 12.2 to 16.8) for excess body fat mass, 30.0% (95% CI 27.1 to 32.9) for suspected prehypertension and 2.8% (95% CI 1.7 to 3.9) for suspected hypertension.ConclusionThe prevalence of some major CVD risk factors is high among young adults living in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Therefore, specific actions should be undertaken in this population to mitigate the upcoming burden of CVD. Accordingly, younger-aged adult populations should be encouraged and accompanied to practice physical activity, eat healthily, and stop or avoid smoking and/or hazardous alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Acute MI in a Secondary Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ullah ◽  
Suman Kumar Saha ◽  
Md Toufiqur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Karim ◽  
Rashid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Hospital

Background: Incidence of noncommunicable disease, specially cardiovascular diseases, is increasing in Bangladesh. Prevalence of risk factors in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) has been studied in different tertiary hospitals and institutes. This study was done in a secondary hospital with a patient population mainly of low socioeconomic condition and was compared with other patient groups of the country and Indian subcontinent. Methods: this cross sectional study was conducted in Manikganj Sadar Hospital from July 2019 to December 2019. All the patients admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) were included. Cardiovascular risk factors, like smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), family history of premature cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidaemia and obesity, were evaluated among the patients. Results: This cross-sectional study showed most of the patients were in the age group of 50-59 years. 66% of the male patients and 2% of the female patients were smoker. 66% of the patients were hypertensive, 44% patients were diabetic, 28.5% patients were overweight, 60.4% patients had total cholesterol > 200mg/dl, 73.6% patients had LDL>130 mg/dl, 110 76.3% patients had HDL < 40 mg/ dl, 72.2% had triglyceride >150 mg/dl and 39% patients had family history of premature cardiovascular disease. Ninety (62.5%) patients had anterior MI, 50 (34.7%) patients had inferior MI and 4 (2.7%) patients had NSTEMI. 65 patients had no major risk factor and 57 % had three or more risk factors. Conclusion: The study population was more aged in comparison to other studies conducted in different parts of Bangladesh. Prevalence of smoking habit was lower but the prevalence of HTN, DM and dyslipidaemia were higher than the general population and other cohorts of MI patients. The prevalence of major risk factors was much higher than the general population of Bangladesh. Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 96-101

scholarly journals Prevalence of bronchial asthma and its associated factors among children of known population: an epidemiological study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2119
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar Sukhani ◽  
Nasima Banu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
History Of

Background: Asthma is widely known as a multifactorial respiratory disorder with both genetic and environmental underlying risk factors. Exposures to common allergens and air pollution from various sources have all been implicated as triggers of the disease. Chronic respiratory diseases are leading cause of death worldwide. The objective of this study was to study the prevalence of bronchial asthma and its associated factors among children of known population.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study consisting of 400 children. Data was obtained from two government schools and two private schools. Both males and females aged below 10 years were selected for the study. A pretested and validated questionnaire was designed.Results: The prevalence of asthma in current asthmatics in present study was found to be 20%. The prevalence rate was higher among those with family history of asthma. 82.5% current asthmatics were suffering from rhinitis.Conclusions: Asthma is a common problem faced in today world especially in children the symptoms and risk factors should not be ignored. Those with family history of asthma should take precautions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pre-diabetes and its associated risk factors: A cross-sectional study in West Tripura district of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-539
Author(s):  
Bitan Sengupta ◽  
Himadri Bhattacharjya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Family History ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Early detection of Pre-diabetes and controlling the risk factors may delay the development of Diabetes and related complications. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of Pre-diabetes in West Tripura district of India and to study it’s associations with selected risk factors. Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted in West Tripura district of India, during 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019 among 320 individuals selected by multistage sampling. Fasting blood sugar was tested for diagnosing Pre-diabetes. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS-24. Result: Prevalence of Pre-diabetes in West Tripura district was 19.4%, 28.1% were hypertensive and 32.5% had high BMI. Multivariable logistic regression has identified age ≥40 yr (OR: 20.62, 95% CI: 4.97 – 85.49) higher socioeconomic status (OR: 4.99, 95% CI: 1.95 – 12.72), family history of diabetes (OR: 9.72, 95% CI: 2.51 – 37.61), higher BMI (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.32 – 5.89) and physical inactivity (OR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.66 – 7.46) as the predictors of Pre-diabetes. Conclusion: West Tripura district of India has higher prevalence of pre-diabetes than the national average. Age ≥40 yr, higher socioeconomic status, family history of diabetes, higher BMI and physical inactivity were identified as significant predictors of Pre-diabetes in this region.

Prevalence of hypertension among school going adolescent boys in Najafgarh, Delhi, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Singh ◽  
Anita Verma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

AbstractIntroductionHypertension is a global epidemic. Hypertension has become an increasingly important medical problem in children and adolescents. Evidence shows that hypertension begins in childhood and its associated risk factors like obesity, unhealthy eating habits also emerge in children of school going age.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of hypertension among school going adolescent boys in Najafgarh, Delhi and to find out the factors associated with hypertension among them.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was planned in which a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from the study participants. A total of 600 adolescent boys of 9th to 12th classes from four different schools in Delhi, were included in the study over a period of 12 months. Blood pressure, height, weight and waist circumference were measured for all children. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0 and for qualitative data analysis a chi-square (χ2) test was used.ResultsThe mean age of study subjects was 15.1 years. The majority of the study subjects, 372 (62%), were in the age group of 14–16 years. Among the study subjects, 44 (7.3%) had pre-hypertension and 26 (4.3%) had hypertension. Hypertension was significantly higher in those with a family history of hypertension and who were overweight/obese.ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension was significantly high among adolescents of Delhi. Obesity and family history of hypertension were identified as important risk factors prevalent in the study population.

scholarly journals Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An urban perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Reshma Patil ◽  
Jayashree Gothankar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Diabetes mellitus is rising to an alarming epidemic level; hence, strategies formulated based on the risk factors can be helpful to curb the rising trend of the same. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus and correlate it with various risk factors and sociodemographic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected wards under the field practice area of Urban Health Training Center of Private Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra. A total of 425 subjects aged 20 years and above residing in the study area were screened for diabetes mellitus. Risk factors such as age, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), family history of diabetes, and physical activities were recorded. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus found in this study was 9.88%. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes as age increases (age 20–34 years: 1.66%, 35–49 years: 7.53%, ≥50 years: 15.66%, and P < 0.05). Furthermore, male gender, obesity, waist circumference, WHR, and diabetes mellitus were found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: Risk factors such as rising age, family history of diabetes mellitus, lack of physical activity, and central obesity were the most common factors found in diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, lifestyle changes and awareness regarding risk factors is needed to make control over the diabetes.

An Epidemiological Study of Kidney Calculi in Western Guangdong

2022 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialong Li ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Chang Gao ◽  
Zunnan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Kidney Calculi ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of kidney calculi in its high prevalence areas of western Guangdong, and provide the proper prevention measures. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among individuals in Maoming, western Guangdong. Univariate and Poisson regression analyses were applied to investigate the influence of the epidemiology, lifestyle, and environmental factors on renal calculi. Risk ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to estimate the association between the investigated factors and the prevalence of renal calculi. Results: 500 questionnaires were sent out and 481 valid questionnaires were recycled. Among 481 respondents, 84 had renal calculi with a prevalence rate of 17.46%. Univariate regression analysis showed statistically significant differences in the prevalence of renal calculi among different groups of sex, ages, family history of kidney calculi, diet and drinking habit. Poisson regression analysis showed that daily water intake and drinking boiled water were protective factors, while male, family history of kidney calculi, diet high in protein, sugar, vitamin C and calcium were risk factors. Additionally, high sugar diet was not statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of renal calculi. Conclusion: The occurrence of kidney calculi in western Guangdong is closely related to demographic characteristics of individuals, living and dietary habits of the resident populations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors for Low Back Pain in 1,355 Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Ganesan ◽  
Anita Shankar Acharya ◽  
Ravi Chauhan ◽  
Shankar Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Cross-sectional study.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To evaluate the prevalence and various risk factors for low back pain (LBP) in young adults in India.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>LBP is an emerging problem in adolescents, with an incidence that is the highest in the third decade of life worldwide. Various risk factors such as obesity, smoking, family history, stress, and exercise have been described in the literature. This study was conducted because of paucity of data in the Indian literature.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A total of 1,355 (741 males and 641 females) young Indian Administrative Service aspirants and medical postgraduate aspirants aged 18–35 years were enrolled in the study. The subjects completed a detailed, semi-structured questionnaire that gathered data regarding their sociodemographic profile and factors considered to be risk factors for LBP. Anthropometric measurements, including height and weight, were measured and body mass index was calculated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Most subjects (90.6%) were aged 20–29 years (mean, 24.49; range, 18–35 years). Results indicated that the following factors were associated with LBP in young adults: marital status, previous history of spine problems, strenuous exercise, job satisfaction, monotony, stress, daily number of studying hours, and family history of spine problems (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0.05). However, age, sex, smoking, alcoholism, coffee intake, mode and duration of travel, diet, frequency of weightlifting, wearing heels, studying posture, and frequency and type of sports activities were not associated with LBP.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The study identified various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that precipitated LBP in young adult Indians. Identifying these risk factors at an early stage will prevent LBP progression to a chronic disease state, thereby improving an individual's quality of life and increasing productivity.</p></sec>

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus and HIV infection among active tuberculosis patients in Northwest Ethiopia: health facility-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Begna Tulu ◽  
Eden Amsalu ◽  
Yohannes Zenebe ◽  
Melkamu Abebe ◽  
Yeshimebet Fetene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally and its comorbidity with tuberculosis (TB) is re-emerging, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Objective The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of DM and HIV infection and their associated risk factors among active tuberculosis patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February 1st and June 30th, 2017 among active TB patients in two hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia. Two hundred and sixty-seven active TB cases aged 18 years or older were screened for diabetes using fasting blood glucose (FBG) test. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic data, lifestyle habits and clinical data. Identification of pre-diabetes or diabetes in TB patients was achieved according to American Diabetes Association guidelines (2016). Results Prevalence of DM and TB comorbidity was 11.5% (95% confidence interval, CI 7.8–15.2) compared to 24.9% (95% CI 20.1–30.1) for pre-diabetes. Prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection was 21.9% (95% CI 16.7–26.8). Risk of DM was higher in TB patients from a rural location (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 3.13, 95% CI 1.02–9.62, p = 0.046). Similarly, DM was higher in TB patients who have a family history of DM (aOR 4.54, 95% CI 1.31–15.68, p = 0.017). Furthermore, HIV/TB co-infection was identified as a predictor of DM comorbidity in active TB patients (aOR 5.11, 95% CI 2.01–12.98, p = 0.001). Conclusion The magnitude of DM and pre-diabetes in active TB patients in Northwest Ethiopia was high, warranting collaborative efforts to improve screening and adopt better clinical management strategies for DM–TB comorbid patients. Furthermore, being rural residents, family history of DM and HIV/TB co-infection were found to associate with DM among TB patients, highlighting the importance of the above-mentioned risk factors in the clinical management of this comorbidity.

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