Effects of vitamin D supplementation on apolipoprotein A1 and B100 levels in adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death around the world. According to the studies, apolipoproteins A1 and B100 play crucial role in CVD development and progression. Also, findings have indicated the positive role of vitamin D on these factors. Thus, we conducted the present meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to demonstrate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on apolipoproteins A1 and B100 levels in adults. PubMed and Scopus databases and Google Scholar were searched up to 21 December 2020. Relevant articles were screened, extracted, and assessed for quality based on the Cochrane collaboration’s risk of bias tool. Data analysis conducted by random-effect model and expressed by standardized mean difference (SMD). The heterogeneity between studies was assessed by I-squared (I2) test. Subgroups and sensitivity Analyses were also conducted. Seven RCTs were identified investigating the impact of vitamin D on Apo A1 levels and six on Apo B100 levels. The findings showed the insignificant effect of vitamin D supplementation on Apo A1 (SMD=0.26 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.10, 0.61; P= 0.155) and Apo B100 (standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.06 mg/dL; 95% CI, −0.24, 0.12; P=0.530) in adults. There was a significant between-study heterogeneity in Apo A1 (I2=89.3%, P<0.001) and Apo B100 (I2=57.1%, P=0.030). However, significant increase in Apo A1 in daily dosage of vitamin D (SMD=0.56 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.02, 1.11; P=0.044) and ≤12 weeks of supplementation duration (SMD=0.71 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.08, 1.34; P=0.028) was observed. No significant effects of vitamin D on Apo A1 and Apo B100 levels after subgroup analysis by mean age, gender, study population, dosage and duration of study. Overall, daily vitamin D supplementation and ≤12 weeks of supplementation might have beneficial effects in increasing Apo A1 levels, however, future high-quality trials considering these a primary outcome are required.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination of Health Workers

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9101104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1104

Author(s):

Tingting Li ◽

Xiaoling Qi ◽

Qin Li ◽

Wenge Tang ◽

Kun Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Health Workers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Standardized Mean Difference ◽

Influenza Vaccinations

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled effect of influenza vaccinations for health workers (HWs). Nine databases were screened to identify randomized clinical trials and comparative observational studies that reported the effect of influenza vaccination among HWs. The risk ratio (RR), standardized mean difference, and 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to study the effect size using fixed/random-effect models. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted accordingly. Publication bias was examined. Sixteen studies (involving 7971 HWs from nine countries) were included after a comprehensive literature search. The combined RR regarding the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza was 0.36 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.54), the incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.45 to 1.06), the absenteeism rate was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.46 to 0.86), and the integrated standardized mean difference of workdays lost was −0.18 (95% CI: −0.28 to −0.07) days/person. The subgroup analysis indicated that vaccination significantly decreases the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza in different countries, study populations, and average-age vaccinated groups. Influenza vaccinations could effectively reduce the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza, absenteeism rates, and workdays lost among HWs. It is advisable, therefore, to improve the coverage and increase the influenza vaccination count among HWs, which may benefit both workers and medical institutions.

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Effects of Vitamin D in Post-Exercise Muscle Recovery. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13114013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 4013

Author(s):

Hugo J. Bello ◽

Alberto Caballero-García ◽

Daniel Pérez-Valdecantos ◽

Enrique Roche ◽

David C. Noriega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Future Research ◽

Muscle Recovery ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Exercise Muscle ◽

Experimental Group

Vitamin D is a key micronutrient modulating function and health in skeletal muscle. Therefore, we sought to systematically review the role of vitamin D in muscle recovery. A search in different databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, WOS, Google Scholar, and Scopus) was carried out following PRISMA® and PICOS. The search period was from inception to April 2020. Changes in post-exercise muscle damage were quantified comparing experimental group vs. placebo in each study by using number of participants, standardized mean difference (SMD), and standard error of the SMD. Hedges’s g was used to calculate the SMDs for each study group and biased by the inverse of variance that allows calculating an overall effect and the 95% confidence interval (CI). The net vitamin D supplementation effect was calculated by subtracting the placebo SMD from SMD of the experimental group. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used as a random effect model, taking into account that the effect of vitamin D on muscular damage may vary according to the dose administered and additional moderators. Six studies were selected. In conclusion, regarding circulating levels of muscle biomarkers and additional limitations of the studies, it cannot be concluded that vitamin D supplementation exerts an effect in post-exercise muscle recovery. Likely, the anti-inflammatory action of vitamin D is quicker than the recovery of tissue structure and function. This aspect is pending verification in future research.

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The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Markers Related to Endothelial Function Among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-0651-4842 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (08) ◽

pp. 587-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Reza Tabrizi ◽

Sina Vakili ◽

Kamran Lankarani ◽

Maryam Akbari ◽

Mehri Jamilian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Cochrane Library

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to summarize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function among people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders. Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science database were searched to identify related RCTs published up 20th May 2018. To check heterogeneity a Q-test and I2 statistics were used. Data were pooled by using the random-effect model and standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as summary effect size. Twenty-two trials of 931 potential citations were found to be eligible for current meta-analysis. The pooled findings by using random effects model indicated that vitamin D supplementation to individuals with MetS and related disorders significantly increased flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) (SMD=1.10; 95% CI, 0.38, 1.81, p=0.003). However, it did not affect pulse-wave velocity (PWV) (SMD=0.04; 95% CI, –0.25, 0.33, p=0.80) and augmentation index (AI) (SMD=0.07; 95% CI, –0.25, 0.40; p=0.65). Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation to patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders resulted in an improvement in FMD, but did not influence PWV and AI.

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Vitamin D Supplementation and Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12041163 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1163 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Myriam Abboud

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Quality Of Evidence

Suboptimal vitamin D status is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Whether vitamin D supplementation reduces BP remains unclear. To systematically review whether vitamin D supplementation reduces BP in children and adolescents, we conducted a literature review according to the PRISMA statement. We included vitamin-D supplementation human interventions studies that reported on BP as an outcome. We searched PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the clinical trials website. We also hand searched the references of the included articles and previous reviews of vitamin D therapy. No language or time restrictions were applied. We extracted data on population characteristics, baseline and endline vitamin D and BP values, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. We performed a narrative review of the findings, conducted a meta-analysis when possible, and performed sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of our results. We assessed the overall quality of the evidence produced in the meta-analysis. We included eight studies in our review and five studies in the meta-analysis, none of which included hypertensive only participants. The risk of bias was variable. In non-randomized studies, no effect of vitamin D supplementation was seen on systolic BP (SBP) (mean difference: 0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.9; 1.68) mmHg; p = 0.55; I2 = 0%). Only a significant decrease in diastolic BP (DBP) (mean difference: −1.87 (95% CI: −3.02; −0.72) mmHg; p = 0.001; I2 = 0%) was noted. Both analyses had a low quality of evidence. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), no effect was noted on SBP (mean difference: −2.04 (95% CI: −5.12; 1.04) mmHg; p = 0.19; I2 = 71%) nor DBP (mean difference: 0.01 (95% CI: −1.09; 1.12) mmHg; p = 0.98; I2 = 0%). The final quality of evidence ranged between low and moderate. Sensitivity analyses did not affect the results. Vitamin D supplementation was found to be ineffective in lowering SBP and DBP in children and adolescents.

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Multiple effects of probiotics on different types of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2016-0230 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 611-622 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Xia Wang ◽

Qi-Fang Juan ◽

Yu-Wei He ◽

Li Zhuang ◽

Yuan-Yuan Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Included Study ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Standardized Mean Difference

AbstractBackground:A systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on diabetes and its associated risk factors.Methods:We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science to June 2016. We also hand-searched the citation lists of included studies and previously identified systematic reviews to identify further relevant trials. Our primary outcome variables included glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin. The pooled standardized mean difference was used to compare the effect between the probiotics and controlled groups, and the pooled standardized mean difference effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran’s Q and HigginsI2tests. Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data independently. The analysis and bias for each included study was performed and assessed using Review Manager 5.2.Results:Eighteen randomized, placebo-controlled studies (n=1056 participants, 527 consuming probiotics, 529 not consuming probiotics) were included for analysis. Comparing the probiotics groups with the control groups, there were statistically significant pooled standardized mean differences on the reduction of glucose (−0.61, 95% CI −0.98, −0.24; p=0.001), insulin (−0.49, 95% CI −0.93, −0.04; p=0.03) and HbA1c(−0.39, 95% CI −0.60, −0.19%; p=0.0001). Subgroup analysis also indicated statistical significance on the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in non-type 2 diabetes (non-T2DM) mellitus patients with diabetes, for the pooled standardized mean difference was −0.29 (95% CI −0.54, −0.04; p=0.02).Conclusions:Probiotics may have beneficial effects on the reduction of glucose, insulin and HbA1cfor diabetes, especially for T2DM mellitus patients.

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Cancer Caregiver Quality of Life: Meta-Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-839937/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kusum K Rohilla ◽

C Vasantha Kalyani ◽

Amit Gupta ◽

Sweety Gupta ◽

Manoj Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Final Report ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Cancer Caregivers ◽

The Impact

Abstract People living with cancer benefit greatly from informal caregivers. There has never been a previous meta-analysis on the quality of life of cancer caregivers or the efficacy of caregiver intervention programmes. The goal of this meta-analysis was to look at the quality of life of cancer caregivers and the impact of various initiatives aimed at improving it. From January 2006 to April 2021, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, PubMed Central, Clinical Key, Google Scholar and Cochrane database. The effect of caregiver interventional programs on quality of life was evaluated using a mean difference between experimental and control groups. A random-effect model was used to measure the risk ratio (RR) for calculating the quality of life of cancer caregivers. The final report comprised eight trials with a total of 1142 participants. The caregiver intervention programme was found to improve the quality of life of cancer caregivers, but not statistically significantly (mean difference=0.10; p<0.00001). A caregiver interventional program had a positive effect on the quality of life of cancer caregivers, according to this meta-analysis. To prove that caregiver interventional programs are successful strategies for improving the quality of life of cancer caregivers, further randomised controlled trials are required.

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Meta-analysis on the Impact of Positive Psychological Resources on Quality of Life in Cancer Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-491168/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xinxin Zhao ◽

Siqi Tong ◽

Ye Yang

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Future Research ◽

Psychological Resources ◽

The Impact

Abstract Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to assess the evidence of the association between positive psychological resources and quality of life among cancer patients. Methods: Electronic search was performed to retrieve articles from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and CBM (from inception to November 10, 2020). Summary correlation coefficient (r) values were extracted from each study, and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated by random-effect model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential heterogeneity.Results: Forty-three articles were included in the present study. The pooled r for resilience was 0.52 (95%CI: 0.43, 0.62), hope 0.50 (95%CI: 0.44, 0.56), self-efficacy 0.54 (95%CI: 0.41, 0.63), self-esteem 0.45 (95%CI: 0.26, 0.64) and optimism 0.32 (95%CI: 0.17, 0.46). For subgroup analysis, the effects of hope and resilience varied with patients’ age.Conclusion: Our study indicated that cancer patients with high level of positive psychological resources tend to live a better quality of life. Therefore, interventions programs based on difference in age for cancer patients could be developed by increasing positive psychological resources in the future research.

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The impact of leptomeningeal collaterals in acute ischemic stroke

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36392/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nida Fatima ◽

Maher Saqqur ◽

Ashfaq Shuaib

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Mesh Terms ◽

Favorable Clinical Outcome ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives: Leptomeningeal collaterals provide an alternate pathway to maintain cerebral blood flow in stroke to prevent ischemia, but their role in predicting outcome is still unclear. So, our study aims at assessing the significance of collateral blood flow (CBF) in acute stroke. Methods: Electronic databases were searched under different MeSH terms from Jan 2000 to Feb 2019. Studies were included if there was available data on good and poor CBF in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The clinical outcomes included were modified rankin scale (mRS), recanalization, mortality, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) at 90 days. Data was analyzed using random-effect model.Results: A total of 47 studies with 8,194 patients were included. Pooled meta-analysis revealed that there exist 2-fold higher likelihood of favorable clinical outcome (mRS≤2) at 90 days with good CBF compared with poor CBF (RR: 2.27; 95%CI: 1.94-2.65; p<0.00001) irrespective of the thrombolytic therapy [RR with IVT: 2.90; 95%CI: 2.14-3.94; p<0.00001, and RR with IAT/EVT: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.55-2.55; p<0.00001]. Moreover, there exists 1-fold higher probability of successful recanalization with good CBF (RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.15-1.49; p<0.00001). However, there was 54% and 64% lower risk of sICH and mortality respectively in patients with good CBF in AIS (p<0.00001).Conclusions: The relative risk of favorable clinical outcome is more in patients with good pretreatment CBF. This could be explained due to better chances of recanalization, combined with lesser risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in good CBF status.

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Effect of maternal birth positions on duration of second stage of labor: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-019-2620-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marta Berta ◽

Helena Lindgren ◽

Kyllike Christensson ◽

Sollomon Mekonnen ◽

Mulat Adefris

Keyword(s):

Weighted Mean Difference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Second Stage Of Labor ◽

Second Stage ◽

Birth Position ◽

Study Designs ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background It is believed that giving birth in an upright position is beneficial for both mother and the infant for several physiologic reasons. An upright positioning helps the uterus to contract more strongly and efficiently, the baby gets in a better position and thus can pass through the pelvis faster. Upright and lateral positions enables flexibility in the pelvis and facilitates the extension of the outlet. Before implementing a change in birthing positions in our clinics we need to review evidences available and context valid related to duration of second stage of labor and birthing positions. Therefore this review aimed to examine the effect of maternal flexible sacrum birth position on duration of second stage of labor. Method The research searched articles using bibliographical Databases: Medline/PUBMED, SCOPUS, Google scholar and Google. All study designs were considered while investigating the impact of maternal flexible sacrum birthing positioning in relation duration of second stage of labor. Studies including laboring mothers with normal labor and delivery. A total of 1985 women were included in the reviewed studies. We included both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results We identified 1680 potential citations, of which 8 articles assessed the effect of maternal upright birth positioning on the reduction during the duration of second stage of labor. Two studies were excluded because of incomplete reports for meta analysis. The result suggested a reduction in duration of second stage of labor among women in a flexible sacrum birthing position, with a mean duration from 3.2–34.8. The pooled weighted mean difference with random effect model was 21.118(CI: 11.839–30.396) minutes, with the same significant heterogeneity between the studies (I2 = 96.8%, p < 000). Conclusion The second stage duration was reduced in cases of a flexible sacrum birthing position. Even though the reduction in duration varies across studies with considerable heterogeneity, laboring women should be encouraged to choose her comfortable birth position. Researchers who aim to compare different birthing positions should consider study designs which enable women to choose birthing position. Prospero registration number [CRD42019120618]

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The Impact of Dementia on the Clinical Outcome of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 1775-1782

Author(s):

Nanyang Liu ◽

Jiahui Sun ◽

Xiyuan Wang ◽

Ming Zhao ◽

Qianqian Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Effect Model ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

High Risk Factor ◽

The Impact ◽

Substantial Heterogeneity ◽

Significant Publication Bias

Background: The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought large challenges to dementia patients. We reviewed the existing literature on COVID-19 to assess the incidence and mortality of dementia comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. Objective: To investigate the impact of pre-existing dementia comorbidities on COVID-19. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for patients with preexisting dementia who were diagnosed with COVID-19. The statistical data on the prevalence and mortality of dementia comorbidities were examined. A fixed-or random-effect model was used to calculate the overall pooled risk estimates. Forest plots were generated to show the summarized results. Results: A total of 265 articles were retrieved from the three databases. After removing duplicates and performing two screenings, 10 articles were selected for meta-analysis, including 119,218 participants. Overall, the meta-analysis of the 10 studies showed that the incidence of dementia in COVID-19 patients was (R: 9%, [95% CI: 6% to 13%]). Moreover, the meta-analysis of 9 studies showed that the mortality rate of individuals with dementia after being infected with COVID-19 was higher than that of individuals with no dementia (OR: 5.17 [95% CI: 2.31 to 11.59]). Substantial heterogeneity was observed in this meta-analysis. Significant publication bias was also found. Conclusion: Emerging literature shows that dementia comorbidities are a high risk factor for the prevalence and mortality of COVID-19. Our results should have an impact on preventive interventions and encourage more targeted approaches to prioritize older people with specific risk factors, such as dementia.

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