Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on three salivary adipokines in diabetic patients with periodontitis

Background. This study investigated the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on clinical indices and salivary levels of visfatin, chemerin, and progranulin in diabetic patients with periodontitis. Methods. This interventional clinical trial was performed on 20 patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (periodontitis stages II or III according to the new classification of periodontal diseases). Clinical indices, including gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and plaque index (PI), were recorded and visfatin, chemerin, and progranulin adipokines levels were also measured in unstimulated saliva by ELISA technique at baseline and twelve weeks after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Results. GI dropped from 1.92±0.27 to 0.71±0.14 after the intervention (P<0.001). Also, there were significant changes in the PPD and PI (P<0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in the CAL (P<0.05). The concentrations of all three salivary adipokines decreased after treatment, but this change was statistically significant only for progranulin (P<0.05). Conclusion. Non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in improvements in the clinical indices of GI, PPD, and PI in T2DM patients with periodontitis. Moreover, the significant reduction in the salivary level of progranulin after treatment suggests that it might be considered a target inflammatory marker in periodontal diseases.

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Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-11-3-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Fatin Awartani

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Control ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Serum Immunoglobulin ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Group 2 ◽

Immunoglobulin Levels

Abstract Aim The association between diabetes and periodontal disease has been well documented. Periodontitis is associated with alterations in immune responses in both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. While diabetes is considered to be a risk factor for periodontal disease progression, few studies have demonstrated an association between the level of glycemic control and periodontal disease. Although poor glycemic control is significantly associated with poor periodontal health, few studies have been performed in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the immune responses in poor and better glycemic control and its effect on periodontal tissue. The aim of this study is to assess serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, IgM) in type 2 diabetic (poor control and better control) and nondiabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. Methods and Materials A total of 105 female patients were included in the study and they were divided into three groups, with 35 patients in each group. Group 1 was comprised of cases of diabetes exhibiting better control (HbA1c≤9%) and Group 2 was comprised of cases of diabetes exhibiting poorer control (HbA1c>9%). The third group was comprised of nondiabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. In this study, clinical examination included plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and attachment level (measured in all three groups). Serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgM) levels were estimated and compared to the levels estimated for diabetic controls. Results Mean plaque index, bleeding index, and probing pocket depth showed no significant differences among the three groups. However, mean clinical attachment loss was significantly higher for Group 2 as compared to Groups 1 and 3. IgA and IgG levels were found to be significantly higher in Group 2 (poorly controlled diabetes) as compared to Group 1 (better control) and Group 3 (control group). There is a positive correlation between CAL and IgA and IgG, whereas there is a negative correlation between CAL and IgM. Conclusion The present study indicates that poor glycemic control may be associated with the increase in IgA and IgG serum antibodies. Elevated antibody levels may explain why poorly controlled diabetes exacerbates periodontal disease. Clinical Significance These findings demonstrate the importance of the immune system as well as good glycemic control, especially in patients diagnosed with periodontitis. The changes observed in immune response may be the cause or the effect of periodontal disease in diabetic patients. The increased incidence of periodontitis in diabetic patients suggests that the alteration in immune response may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Citation Awartani F. Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 May; 11(3):001-008. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue3- awartani.

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Regenerative therapy for the treatment of periimplantitis

SUCHASNA STOMATOLOHIYA ◽

10.33295/1992-576x-2021-3-50 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 50-57

Author(s):

G. Hakobyan ◽

◽

A. Seyranyan ◽

A. Khachatryan ◽

S. Burnazyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Laser Therapy ◽

Reliable Method ◽

Regenerative Therapy ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Osseointegrated Implants ◽

Clinical Indices ◽

Autologous Bone ◽

Clinical Measurements

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of regenerative therapy of peri-implantitis. The 32 patients involved in this study with inflammatorydestructive processes in the field of peri-implant tissues of osseointegrated implants. The diagnostic parameters used for assessing peri-implantitis include clinical indices, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Bleeding On Probing (BOP), periimplant radiography. 16 implants with peri-implant mucositis, 8 implants with early peri-implantitis and 5 implants with moderate peri-implantitis was treated only conservative treatments methods, 6 implants with early peri-implantitis, 7 implants with moderate peri-implantitis and 4 implants with severe periimplantitis was treated surgically. PPD and BOP data at the re-examination were retrospectively compared to baseline data. A statistical significant reduction in both PPD and BOP were seen at alltimepoints as compared with the baseline clinical measurements. Stable clinical measurements PPD and BOP were demonstrated after 1 year the initial treatment, remaining stable during the following three years. Surgical regenerative treatment combined with mechanical and chemical detoxification of the implants’ surface, magneto-laser therapy and regenerative therapy using an autologous bone, xenograft, hyaluronic acid and a restorablemembrane a reliable method for stopping and treatment peri-implantitis. Key words: Peri-Implantitis; Dental Implant; Regenerative Therapy; Magneto-Laser Therapy; Hyaluronic Acid.

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Relationship between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis and the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402009000500001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 355-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Márcia de Noronha Pinho ◽

Renê Donizeti Ribeiro Oliveira ◽

Arthur Belém Novaes Jr. ◽

Júlio César Voltarelli

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Periodontal Treatment ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Old Patients ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Relationship ◽

Group 1

This study analyzed the association of periodontal disease (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Seventy-five 35-60-year-old patients were assigned to 5 groups according to the presence (+) or not (-) of PD and RA and the treatment received (TR+) or not (TR-) for PD. Group 3 uses total prosthesis (TP). Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed at baseline, 3 and 6 months of follow-up by probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing and plaque index for PD, HAQ, DAS28, SF-36 and laboratory: AAG, ESR, CRP for RA. Statistically significant differences for PD after 3 (p=0.0055) and after 6 months (p=0.0066) were obtained in Group 1 (RA+PD+TR+) and 2(RA+PD+TR-); significant reduction in the % of BOP after 6 months (p=0.0128) and significant reduction in the % of Pl after 3 (p=0.0128) and 6 months (p=0.0002) in Group 1. Statistically significant differences between Groups 1 and 3 (RA+TP) for DAS28 at baseline and after 3 months were observed, but not after 6 months. No other parameters for RA were significantly affected. The relationship between RA and PD disease activities is not clear, but the importance of periodontal treatment in the control of inflammation to avoid tooth extraction is evident.

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Assessment of the Plasma/Serum IgG Test to Screen for Periodontitis

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/0022034512461796 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 91 (12) ◽

pp. 1190-1195 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

C. Kudo ◽

K. Naruishi ◽

H. Maeda ◽

Y. Abiko ◽

T. Hino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Antibody Titer ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Periodontal Treatment ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth

Chronic periodontitis is a silent infectious disease prevalent worldwide and affects lifestyle-related diseases. Therefore, efficient screening of patients is essential for general health. This study was performed to evaluate prospectively the diagnostic utility of a blood IgG antibody titer test against periodontal pathogens. Oral examination was performed, and IgG titers against periodontal pathogens were measured by ELISA in 1,387 individuals. The cut-off value of the IgG titer was determined in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and changes in periodontal clinical parameters and IgG titers by periodontal treatment were evaluated. The relationships between IgG titers and severity of periodontitis were analyzed. The best cut-off value of IgG titer against Porphyromonas gingivalis for screening periodontitis was 1.682. Both clinical parameters and IgG titers decreased significantly under periodontal treatment. IgG titers of periodontitis patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, especially in those with sites of probing pocket depth over 4 mm. Multiplied cut-off values were useful to select patients with severe periodontitis. A blood IgG antibody titer test for Porphyromonas gingivalis is useful to screen hitherto chronic periodontitis patients (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01658475).

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Periodontal Status and Subgingival Biofilms in Cystic Fibrosis Adults

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2019-040 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 377-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

TAMARA PAWLACZYK-KAMIEŃSKA ◽

RENATA ŚNIATAŁA ◽

HALINA BATURA-GABRYEL ◽

MARIA BORYSEWICZ-LEWICKA ◽

SZCZEPAN COFTA

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Periodontal Status ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Probing Pocket Depth

The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal status of cystic fibrosis (CF) adult patients and to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the bacterial population of the subgingival biofilm and the health status of the periodontal tissues in this group of adults. The study involved 22 cystic fibrosis adult patients. The periodontal condition was assessed using Plaque Index (PLI), Gingival Index (GI), and Probing Pocket Depth (PPD). The gingival sulcus samples were analyzed by the Real-Time PCR assay (RT-PCR). Majority of patients showed moderate or severe bacterial dental plaque accumulation, but none of them had clinical symptoms of periodontal diseases. RT-PCR showed the presence of periopathogens in 50% of patients. Red complex microorganisms were detected in 9.09%, orange complex in 27.27%, and green complex in 31.82% of the samples analyzed. In cystic fibrosis patients colonized by periopathogens, the periodontal markers were significantly higher in comparison to not colonized by periopathogens patients. Despite the widespread presence of bacterial dental deposits in the cystic fibrosis adult patients examined, none of them has clinical symptoms of periodontal disease; however, the presence of periodontal pathogens in subgingival biofilm may represent a possible risk factor of this disease in the future. An unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene in any patient with cystic fibrosis indicates a need to focus on standards of dental care for such patients.

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Adjunctive Subgingival application of Chlorhexidine gel in nonsurgical periodontal treatment for chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.16824/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Han Zhao ◽

Jingchao Hu ◽

Li Zhao

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Periodontal Treatment ◽

Scaling And Root Planing ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Manual Search ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Root Planing ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background Subgingival applications of chlorhexidine (CHX) gel are commonly used as an adjunct in nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) for chronic periodontitis (CP). However, there is lack of data supporting the effects of adjunctive CHX gel on clinical outcomes. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive subgingival administration of CHX gel in NSPT compared to NSPT alone for CP.Methods An electronic search of four databases and a manual search of four journals were conducted up to August 2019. Only randomized controlled trials reporting on the clinical outcomes of subgingival use of CHX gel adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP), as compared to SRP alone or with placebo, for at least 3 months were included. Primary outcomes were probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain at 3 and 6 months, when data on at least three studies were obtained.Results 17 studies were included for qualitative analysis and seven studies for quantitative analysis (four studies for the application of CHX gel adjunct to SRP at selected sites with at least pocket depth≥4mm and three studies for comparison of full-mouth disinfection (FMD) with subgingival use of CHX gel and full-mouth scaling and root planing (FMSRP). For subgroups, the clinical outcomes between adjunctive use of Xanthan-based CHX gel (XAN-CHX gel) and CHX gel were analyzed. Results indicated a significant improvement of PPD reduction following local adjunctive administration of XAN-CHX gel for SRP at selected sites (MD: 0.15mm). However, no difference was found in CAL gain. Moreover, no significant difference was observed in PPD and CAL at both 3 and 6 months post-treatment between FMD and FMSRP.Conclusion Adjunctive subgingival administration of XAN-CHX gel at individual selected sites appears to provide slight benefits in PPD reduction. Due to the lack of high-quality studies, further studies with larger sample sizes and strict standards are needed to confirm the conclusions.

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BETA GLUCURONIDASE ACTIVITY IN DIABETES ASSOCIATED PERIODONTITIS

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/11778 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1222-1230

Author(s):

Gawali S ◽

◽

Padhye A ◽

Chavan P ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Tissue Destruction ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Glucuronidase Activity ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for development of periodontal disease with progressive periodontal destruction seen in diabetic patients. Advances in oral and periodontal disease diagnostic research are moving towards methods whereby periodontal risk can be identified and quantified by objective measures such as biomarkers. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of beta glucuronidase activity as an enzymatic biomarker of periodontal tissue destruction in patients of Diabetes mellitus associated with Periodontitis. β Glucuronidase activitywas estimated in saliva, GCF (Gingival Crevicular Fluid) and serum in healthy subjects and patients with Diabetes mellitus, Periodontitis and Diabetes associated periodontitis. Enzyme activity was compared with clinical parameters like Probing pocket depth, Plaque Index and Gingival Index. It was maximally raised in diabetic cases with periodontitis. Enzyme activity was found to be highest in crevicular fluid compared to saliva and serum. However, serum Glucuronidase correlated significantly with clinical indices. β-glucuronidase may be employed on routine basis as a chair side test for screening and diagnosis of patients with periodontitis in diabetics.

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Periodontal status of adult patients treated with fixed buccal appliances and removable aligners over one year of active orthodontic therapy

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/031212-217.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 146-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Marzieh Karkhanechi ◽

Denise Chow ◽

Jennifer Sipkin ◽

David Sherman ◽

Robert J. Boylan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Orthodontic Appliance ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Periodontal Status ◽

Orthodontic Therapy ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Study Population ◽

Clinical Indices ◽

One Year ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Objective: To compare the periodontal status of adults treated with fixed buccal orthodontic appliances vs removable orthodontic aligners over 1 year of active therapy. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 42 subjects; 22 treated with fixed buccal orthodontic appliances and 20 treated with removable aligners. Clinical indices recorded included: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing pocket depth (PPD). Plaque samples were assessed for hydrolysis of N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamide (BANA test). Indices and BANA scores were recorded before treatment and at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after initiation of orthodontic therapy. Results: After 6 weeks, only mean PPD was greater in the fixed buccal orthodontic appliance group. However, after 6 months, the fixed buccal orthodontic appliance group had significantly greater mean PI, PPD, and GI scores and was 5.739 times more likely to have a higher BANA score. After 12 months, the fixed buccal orthodontic appliance group continued to have greater mean PI, GI, and PPD, while a trend was noted for higher BANA scores and BOP. Conclusions: These results suggest treatment with fixed buccal orthodontic appliances is associated with decreased periodontal status and increased levels of periodontopathic bacteria when compared to treatment with removable aligners over the 12-month study duration.

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Effectiveness of Propolis in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease: Updated Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10020269 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 269

Author(s):

Nansi López-Valverde ◽

Beatriz Pardal-Peláez ◽

Antonio López-Valverde ◽

Javier Flores-Fraile ◽

Silvia Herrero-Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Disease Treatment ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Quantitative Synthesis ◽

And Oxidative Stress

In recent times, the use of natural products has gained momentum, either as a treatment or as adjuvants for other drugs in the treatment of different conditions. Propolis is a natural substance produced by bees which has proven useful for treating periodontal disease. This systematic review and meta-analysis gather evidence of the effectiveness of propolis in this kind of condition. The MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched for scientific articles to identify the findings published up to October 2020. The MeSH phrases used in the search were: “periodontal diseases AND propolis treatment”; “gingivitis AND propolis treatment”; “periodontitis AND propolis treatment”; “propolis treatment AND oral health”; “propolis AND oxidative stress AND periodontitis”. The Boolean operator “AND” was used to combine the searches. Randomized trials where propolis was used in the treatment of different periodontal conditions were included. Non-randomized clinical studies were systematically reviewed and 224 studies were detected, eight of which met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Only three of these were selected for quantitative synthesis. In conclusion, propolis is safe to use and can improve the results of periodontal disease treatment, reducing probing pocket depth compared with treatment with a placebo (difference in means, fixed effects −0.67 [95% CI: −0.84, −0.50]).

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Efficacy of silver nanoparticles in chronic periodontitis patients: a clinico-microbiological study

Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine ◽

10.53986/ibjm.2020.0026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 142-147

Author(s):

Pooja Kadam ◽

◽

Swapna Mahale ◽

Prasad Sonar ◽

Dipali Chaudhari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Local Drug Delivery ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

High Antibacterial Activity ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: Recent advances in nanotechnology have introduced new therapeutic materials for periodontal therapy. Previous studies showed that nanoparticles of silver provide high antibacterial activity. Taking this in consideration, it can be used in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The present study focuses on efficacy of subgingival local drug delivery of silver nanoparticles in comparison with tetracycline in chronic periodontitis. Methods: To understand the effect of silver nanoparticles and tetracycline gel in chronic periodontitis, patients which were divided in different: Group A: Scaling and root planning (SRP) with sub-gingival delivery of silver nanoparticles gel, Group B: SRP with sub-gingival delivery of tetracycline gel and Group C: SRP alone. The other data recorded was Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) at baseline (just before placement of gel), 1 month and 3 months of application of gel. Microbiological evaluation (Colony Forming Units, CFU) were recorded at baseline and after 3 months. Results: The results showed that the use of silver nanoparticles delivery after SRP was as efficacious as tetracycline subgingival delivery to treat chronic periodontitis patients. All the clinical as well as microbiological parameters showed statistically significant difference from baseline to 3 months in all the groups. Conclusions: As compared to other therapeutic modalities employed against infection, silver nanoparticles gel is non-toxic at given concentration, has no side effects and does not require complicated application method or any complex armamentarium. It is well tolerated and well accepted by the patients. Silver nanoparticles gel with SRP gives promising results and it can definitely aid in periodontal diseases.

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