scholarly journals Preliminary geochemical work on the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, South Greenland

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
J.C Bailey ◽  
R Gwozdz ◽  
J Rose-Hansen ◽  
H Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Delayed Neutron ◽  
Geological Investigation ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Alkaline Intrusion ◽  
Ore Minerals

As part of the geological investigation of the Ilimaussaq intrusion (Sørensen, 1970; Ferguson, 1964; Andersen, et al., 1973; Sørensen et al., 1974), trace-element analyses have been performed on carefully chosen rock samples. Material was selected on the basis of detailed field mapping and with particular attention paid to its fresh and representative nature; in every case more than 15 kg was obtained by blasting. The samples have aiready been used for the separation of accessory ore minerals and for analysis of fluid inclusions. To date, the rocks have been analysed for trace elements by neutron activation (R.G.) and X-ray fluorescence (J.B.) analysis. Comparisons with earlier analyticai results indicate closest agreement with the work of Gerasimovsky (1969), except for the element Ga where his results are consistently higher. Experiments by Ib Sørensen (GGU Chemical Laboratory) indicate that fused samples yield low totals for many Ilimaussaq rocks; the absorption effects of heavy minor elements (Zr, Nb, REE) on the light major elements will be quantitatively corrected for. Analyses by isotope fluorescence, delayed neutron analysis, X-ray spectrometry and other techniques are in progress.

Total Nondestructive Analysis of Caas Syenite

1967 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
A. Volborth ◽  
B. P. Fabbi ◽  
H. A. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Calcium Iron

AbstractDetermination of 35 trace and 8 major elements in a granitic rock by nondestructive X-ray emission and fast-neutron activation methods has been accomplished. Trace elements arsenic, barium, cadmium, cerium, cobalt, chromium, cesium, copper, gallium, gadolinium, germanium, hafnium, mercury, indium, lanthanum, molybdenum, manganese, niobium, neodymium, nickel, rubidium, antimony, scandium, samarium, tin, strontium, tantalum, thorium, titanium, vanadium, yttrium, ytterbium, zinc, and zirconium and major elements aluminum, calcium, iron, potassium, and silicon have been estimated in the vacuum X-ray spectrograph. Phosphorus has been excited by a chromium-target tube. Major elements magnesium, sodium, and oxygen have been estimated by the Henke aluminumtarget X-ray spectrograph. Major elements oxygen and silicon have also been determined by fast-neutron activation. Detection limits for traces are in cur system in the range of 1 to 100 ppm with standard deviations of about 1 to 10 ppm. Precision in the determination of major constituents is better than 1% in relative standard deviation. The data are reported in parts per million for the trace elements and for the major elements as well. It is suggested that this type of repotting of geochemical data be preferred to the conventional reporting of major constituents as oxides.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL STUDY OF THE PELLANA LIGNITE (PREFECTURE OF LAKONIA)

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Α. Χατζηαποστόλου ◽  
Σ. Καλαϊτζίδης ◽  
Σ. Παπαζησίμου ◽  
Κ. Χρηστάνης ◽  
Δ. Βάγιας
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Element Mobility ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
Type Factor

The aim of this study is to estimate the environmental impacts in case of exploitation the Pellanalignites for power generation. The object of the study is to predict the element mobility during lignite combustion using mineralogical and geochemical data from bulk-lignite samples and their ashes of two cores from this area. The mineralogical determinations on the ashes revealed that quartz, K-feldspars and illitemicas are the major mineral phases contained in the lignite. The identification of anhydrite in ashes implies the presence of gypsum, althought neoformation of anhydrite from organic associated with Ca+2 and SO42 can not be excluded. These minerals correspond to primary phases. Oxides and hydroxides occur subordinately and probably represent minerals that do not correspond to primary phases. The results of the elemental analysis show that the major elements (>1000 ppm) are AI, Fe, Ca, Mg and Κ in the bulk samples of both cores. Minor elements (100-1000 ppm) are Na, Mn and Ba, while the concentrations of Be, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cs, Cu, Eu, Ga, Hf, La, Li, Lu, Mo, Nb, Nd, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Te, Th, TI, U, Y, Yb and Zr do not exceed 100 ppm. The concentrations of many elements like As, Ba, Cr, Ni, V and Zn have a wide range among the bulk samples. In order to assess the geochemical affiliation of the studied elements, R-type factor analysis was applied on the element contents of bulk lignite and ash. The elements Ca, S, V, As, Μη, Mo, Na, Sb, Hf, Zr and U provide both organic and inorganic affiliations, while Se and Nb provide organic affiliations. To approach the mobility of each trace element, the relative enrichment factor (RE) was calculated. The most depleted trace elements according to RE mean (<0.5) are Hf and Sb, while the elements Se and Ba are moderately depleted (0.7>RE mean>0.5).

Use of the Soft X-Ray Spectrograph and the Electron-Probe Microanalyzer for Determination of Elements Carbon Through Iron in Minerals and Rocks

1965 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 487-503
Author(s):  
A. K. Baird ◽  
D. H. Zenger
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalyzer ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Sodium Magnesium

AbstractThe major elements m common rocks are of low atomic number, but analyses of high precision are possible by soft X-ray spectrography if several grams of rock sample are available. The electron-probe microanalyzer is shown to complement this established method by permitting analyses of particles as small as 1 μ in diameter. This paper describes applications of these methods to the analysis of the major and minor elements of silicate, carbonate, and phosphate minerals and rocks.Elements of particular interest are as follows : carbon in particles enclosed in carbonate rocks; oxygen, as the major constituent of the specimens; phosphorus in phosphatic nodules and apatites; manganese and iron, as colorations in fossil shells; and the group oxygen, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, potassium, calcium, and iron as complex segregations and zonations within single crystals of several mineral phases.If the bulk composition of a rock is known, and also the chemistry of the constituent minerals, it is possible to compute quantitative minéralogie analyses of high precision. Thus, the combined use of soft X-ray spectrography and electronprobe microanalysis can provide quantitative chemical and mineralogicat information on the earth's crust on all scales from thousands of square miles (by means of appropriate sampling) down to the scale of 1 μ.

scholarly journals ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF AEROSOL SAMPLES USING PIXE TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Deepali Modi
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Hpge Detector ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements

In this work a complex study of the capabilities Particle Induced X-Ray emission(PIXE) technique for the determination of minor constituents of aerosol samples has been done.The PIXE experiments were carried out at Cyclotron at Department of Physics, Panjab University Chandigarh using ~2.7MeV proton beam. The X-rays were detected with the help of low energy HPGE detector. Total fifteen samples were collected from various locations in Chandigarh.The minor elements identified in the aerosol samples wereS,Cl,K,Ca,Ti,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Zn,V,Br and Pb. The data analysis was done using GUPIX software to extract the quantity of the trace elements.

An Elemental Analysis of Different CD-R discs

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 752-756
Author(s):  
Amir Pishkoo
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

In this study Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) as reliable and non-destructive techniques has been applied to compare thickness, major and trace elements of different brands of CD-R discs. Three elements, namely Ag, Ba, and Ti were found to be the major elements.

Quantitative Analysis of 300 and 400 Series Stainless Steel by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
Bradner D. Wheeler ◽  
Nancy Jacobus
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Absolute Methanol ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Successful Analysis ◽  
Fluorescence Analyzer

Recent developments in analytical techniques and software have allowed the accurate quantitative determinations of both the major and minor elements in stainless steels by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence. The successful analysis of 300 and 400 series stainless steel is reported utilizing this technique. The analysis of this type of material represents one of the most severe tests of the method due to numerous peak overlaps and interelement effects such as absorption and enhancement.Sixteen standards of ASTM 300 series and ten 400 series were prepared by polishing on a 220 grit aluminum oxide belt and subsequently washing the surface in absolute methanol. Analyses were performed with an EG&G ORTEC 6110 Tube Excited Fluorescence Analyzer utilizing a dual anode (Rh/W) x-ray tube. Peak deconvolutions and interelement corrections were made with a 16K PDP-11/05 computer utilizing the program FLINT (1). Utilization of spectral deconvolutions and interelement corrections yields a relative accuracy of approximately IX of the concentrations of the major elements.

scholarly journals Determination of Major-to-Trace Minerals and Polyphenols in Different Apple Cultivars

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Adina TODEA ◽  
Oana CADAR ◽  
Dorina SIMEDRU ◽  
Cecilia ROMAN ◽  
Claudiu TANASELIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Apple Cultivars

The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration level of some major-to-trace elements and toxic minerals and polyphenols (catechin, epicatechin and quercetin) in fruits belonging to different apple cultivars (‘Auriu de Cluj’, ‘Florina’, ‘Generos’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Prima’, ‘Productiv de Cluj’ and ‘Starkrimson’), under specific climate conditions to northwestern Romania. The apple minerals were determined by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after a preliminary, microwave-assisted, acid digestion. The polyphenols were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with MS/MS detection. According to the obtained results, the edible part of the apple contains many minerals with high relative nutritional value (RNV). The major minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg and P), minor elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr and Zn) and toxic trace elements (Cd, Cr and Pb) were comparatively identified and quantified. It was found that K (31976 mg/kg) was predominant among the major elements, while Fe (3.68 mg/kg) and Cu (3.57 mg/kg) were comparable. The toxic trace metals (Cd, Cr and Pb) were below the limits of detection (0.01, 0.10 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively) and did not determine any health risk to consumers. The main polyphenols composition (catechin, epicathechin, quercetin) differs slightly among different cultivars. In ‘Idared’ and ‘Jonathan’ cultivars, the investigated polyphenols are in higher quantities comparing to the others. In all investigated apple cultivars, quercetin was proved to be the major polyphenol, followed by epicathechin and catechin. These results suggest that, regarding only the investigated polyphenols, ‘Idared’ and ‘Jonathan’ cultivars have the highest antioxidant character in all investigated genotypes.

TRACE ELEMENTS IN HUMAN BLOOD: ALTERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

1992 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. PINHEIRO ◽  
W. MAENHAUT ◽  
U. WÄTJEN ◽  
M.J. HALPERN
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Cu And Zn

The alteration of concentration levels for two minor elements (K and Ca) and 7 trace elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb and Pb) in serum and packed blood cells was investigated. The samples originated from 35 patients that had a myocardial infarction and from 29 healthy individuals. The Mn and Pb concentrations were only determined in packed blood cells. Particle-induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) was used to determine the elemental concentrations in the various samples. In blood serum the Fe, Cu and Zn concentrations were found to be altered from normal, while in packed blood cells significant differences were encountered for Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Se and Pb. Factor analysis performed on the serum and packed blood cells data matrices revealed one factor for each sample type which allowed distinguishing between healthy and pathological individuals. Furthermore, the elements that permit this discrimination are different for the two data sets. The elements related to this discrimination factor were Fe and Cu for serum and Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn for packed blood cells.

scholarly journals Major elements as possible factors of trace element urban pedochemical anomalies

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimantė Zinkutė ◽  
Ričardas Taraškevičius ◽  
Tomas Želvys
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between real total contents of the major elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and the trace elements Ag, As, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, U, Zn in topsoil from the central part of Vilnius is analysed. The amounts of most elements were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, while amounts of Ag, B, Co were measured by optical atomic emission spectrophotometry. Two factors were distinguished according to major elements: anthropogenic (A) including Ca, Mg, Fe, P, S and clayey (C) including K, Al, Ti. Boron, Mn, Cr and U are significantly correlated with members of both factors, Sb with none of them and other trace elements either with all (Cu, Zn, Pb, Se, Ba, Ni, Co) or with separate (V, Ag, Sn, Mo, As) members of the A-factor. Only B, Mn, Cr, U (partly their additive index Z1) are influenced by the C-factor, while twelve other trace elements (also their additive index Z2) are influenced by the A-factor. The additive index Z of all 17 elements is also affected by the A-factor. Four groups of sites have been distinguished according to normal or higher contents of both factors. The majority of trace element anomalies are related to the sites affected by the A-factor.

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