scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SUCCESS OF PINE SELF-RENEWAL FORESTS ON BURNT-OUT AREAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Olga Gavrilova ◽  
Egor Kolganov ◽  
Karina Pak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
The State ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Rocky Outcrops

It is reported about the state of natural regeneration of pine in a burnt-out area in a lingonberry pine forest. After the fire, rocky outcrops were exposed on the hills. Organic layer was completely burned out with spots and it has not recovered in 10 years. Pine undergrowth appeared in the first or second years after the fire. The number of self-seeding pine reaches 4-6 thousand/ha. The maximum number of pines is observed on rocky heights, where other forest-forming species are represented by single trees. Birch dominates in the relief depressions. The undergrowth is represented by mountain ash, willow, and wild rose. Heather, lingonberry, thin-bladed grass, reed grass, green mosses and lichens grow in the composition of the living ground cover

scholarly journals THE HEALTH STATUS AND NATURAL REGENERATION OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. AFTER THE SURFACE FIRE IN VACCINIOSA FOREST TYPE IN LATVIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga MIEZĪTE ◽  
Jeļena RŪBA ◽  
Lāsma FREIMANE ◽  
Imants LIEPA ◽  
Edgars DUBROVSKIS
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Surface Fire ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
One Year

From abiotic factors the most effecting influence on forest ecosystems has fire. Two years after surface fire in the pine stands growing in Vacciniosa forest type. Two PL (hereinafter PL) were installed in medium-aged (49 years old, 2.3 ha) and two PLs - in maturing (96 years old, 2.5 ha) stands. In each PL (20x20 m), the numbering of the trees was carried out and their placement was fixed, as well as the diameter, height and height of the green crown were measured. The sanitary condition of each tree was evaluated. For registration of one-year and two-year seedlings in each sample plot 25 sampling units (1 m2) were used. The similar sampling units were used for evaluation of ground cover (5 in each PL diagonally arranged), the obtained samples were weighed. The purpose of the study was to analyze the health status and natural regeneration of P.sylvestris after the surface fire. The ground vegetation was completely burned out in the medium-aged stand, but in the maturing stand both ground vegetation and organic layer - mosaically. The average burning height of trees in the medium-aged forest stand was 0.6±0.64 m, in the maturing stand - at 2.3±0.34 m. The natural regeneration was not detected in the first year after surface fire in the medium-aged forest (only 58800 one-year seedlings were recorded at the second year after fire), while in the maturing stand it was at this time (46600 one-year and 14200 two-year seedlings). Insect damage and cracked bark was not detected.

Analysis of natural regeneration of Scots pine forest in the high Campine after a fire

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Seed Supply ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Fire Area ◽  
Scots Pine Forest

The  study deals with the spontaneous resettlement of a fire area, after  destruction of 600 ha Scots pine forest. The following items have been  examined in particular: the composition of the tree species, the duration of  the regeneration period, the influence of the parent stand, the exposition,  the slope, the treatment, the fire regime and the social differentiation.      The resettlement took place very quickly and over a very short period.  Birch and Scots pine take up 95 % of the stem number. The regeneration result  is precarious, yet mostly good. The parent stand is favourable both to seed  supply and to microclimate, but only over a short distance. The Scots pine  prefers more open and dry areas, whereas birch needs more humidity.     Practice has shown that natural regeneration of Scots pine stands is  possible. The forest treatment, however, is very important. It determines not  only the immediate result of the regeneration, but also the composition and  the structure of the future stand.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration of the Tree Stand in the Bilberry Spruce Forest—Clear-Cutting Ecotone Complex in the First Post-Logging Decade

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Genikova ◽  
Viktor N. Mamontov ◽  
Alexander M. Kryshen ◽  
Vladimir A. Kharitonov ◽  
Sergey A. Moshnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting

Bilberry spruce forests are the most widespread forest type in the European boreal zone. Limiting the clear-cuttings size leads to fragmentation of forest cover and the appearance of large areas of ecotone complexes, composed of forest (F), a transition from forest to the cut-over site under tree canopy (FE), a transition from forest to the cut-over site beyond tree canopy (CE), and the actual clear-cut site (C). Natural regeneration of woody species (spruce, birch, rowan) in the bilberry spruce stand—clear-cut ecotone complex was studied during the first decade after logging. The effects produced by the time since cutting, forest edge aspect, and the ground cover on the emergence and growth of trees and shrubs under forest canopy and openly in the clear-cut were investigated. Estimating the amount and size of different species in the regeneration showed FE and CE width to be 8 m—roughly half the height of first-story trees. Typical forest conditions (F) feature a relatively small amount of regenerating spruce and birch. The most favorable conditions for natural regeneration of spruce in the clear-cut—mature bilberry spruce stand ecotone are at the forest edge in areas of transition both towards the forest and towards the clear-cut (FE and CE). Clear-cut areas farther from the forest edge (C) offer an advantage to regenerating birch, which grows densely and actively in this area.

scholarly journals Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) associated with xyelid sawflies (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) in Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey I. Khalaim ◽  
Enrique Ruíz-Cancino
Keyword(s):  
Pine Forest ◽  
The State ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Nuevo Leon ◽  
Nuevo León ◽  
First Time

Two species of ichneumon wasps (Ichneumonidae),Gelanes horstmanniKhalaim,sp. n.(Tersilochinae) andIdiogramma elbakyanaeKhalaimsp. n.(Tryphoninae), are described from the pine forest at 2800–2900 m from the State of Tlaxcala in Central Mexico; a third species,I. comstockii(Ashmead), is found to occur in the State of Nuevo León in Northeast Mexico. The generaGelanesHorstmann andIdiogrammaFörster are associated with xyelid sawflies (Xyelidae), and both, as well as the tryphonine tribe Idiogrammatini, are recorded from Mexico for the first time. An identification key to the twoIdiogrammaspecies occurring in Mexico is provided.

Forest regeneration in northeastern Poland following a catastrophic blowdown

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dobrowolska
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Tree Vitality

The aims of the investigation were to (i) quantify the changes in natural regeneration and stand structure, (ii) determine the role of deadwood in the process of regeneration following the disturbance, and (iii) determine the effect of disturbance severity on tree recruitment. The study was conducted in the Szast Protected Forest, which was established after a blowdown in 2002. The results showed that the trees were mainly wind-snapped. The basal area of the slightly disturbed stands increased over time. Herb cover increased, whereas moss cover decreased in 2011. The disturbance severity influenced the density of tree species regeneration, moss and herb ground cover, species diversity, average tree height, tree vitality, and damage caused by herbivores. The density of natural regeneration increased and new species became established after the disturbance. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was the dominant tree species during the regeneration process except in the severely disturbed stand from which wood had been removed; in this case, birch was the dominant species. Wind disturbance increased species diversity and created a new forest with a particular species structure and trees that varied in age and height. The results of this study will be useful for foresters and policymakers to change the existing approaches to large-scale disturbances in the Polish forests.

scholarly journals Evaluating riparian vegetation in semi-arid Mediterranean watercourses in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. JACOBA SALINAS ◽  
GABRIEL BLANCA ◽  
ANA T. ROMERO
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
The State ◽  
Degradation Index ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Semi Arid

Riparian vegetation is vulnerable to human impact worldwide, and this is especially so in arid areas, yet there have been few quantitative studies and this is especially so in Spain. The state of the riparian vegetation along three major rivers and seasonal watercourses of south-eastern Spain was evaluated during 1992–93, using the species composition and community structure in watercourses of different sizes under different management. Reaches of the watercourses were classified using five vegetation indices, namely percentage cover, species richness, degree of connectivity between patches of the plant communities, number of exotic species, and evidence of natural regeneration. With the integration of these into one index, the degradation state of the riparian vegetation in each reach was quantified. In addition, types of human activities exerting the greatest impact were noted, and a scale to evaluate the intensity of each impact was established. The indications are that agriculture has very substantially altered the natural vegetation, and this index has served to highlight the most altered zones, and thus those in most urgent need of restoration. Less-degraded zones could serve as models and sources of plant species for future restoration. The degradation index made it possible to establish quickly, easily, and with a high degree of accuracy, the state of conservation of the riparian vegetation in the study area.

scholarly journals Impact of different habitat parameters on carabid beetle assemblages in selected areas of a forest-field landscape in Poland – 10 years of data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Schwerk ◽  
Agata Jojczyk ◽  
Izabela Dymitryszyn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Individual Study ◽  
Biomass Removal ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

Species diversity in a given landscape depends to a high degree on its habitat diversity. However, the specificity of different environmental factors may play a different role and individual habitats may undergo changes in time (succession). Moreover, some large-scale environmental factors may affect the habitats in the same way but differ from year to year. A long-term study was carried out with the aim to study the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of individual study site over the years and the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of the set of all study sites in selected years. the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of individual study site over the years and the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of the set of all study sites in selected years. In order to deal with this task, the carabid beetles assemblages on different study sites in a forest-field landscape in Poland were collected using pitfall traps over a period of ten years (2009-2018). The sites were a planted pine forest (12 years old in 2009), a planted pine forest (31 years old in 2009), a naturally-regenerated pine stand (about 10 years old in 2009), a naturally-regenerated pine forest (about 67 years old in 2009), an naturally regenerated pine forest with a share of oak, beech and birch (about 82 years old in 2009), two irregularly-mown sites without biomass removal, and a regularly-mown site with biomass removal. With respect to individual study sites the impact of the factors age (year of the study), temperature and rainfall in the year of inventory, and temperature and rainfall in the preceding year was tested. The impact of the factors age (stand age in the respective year), carbon in the organic layer, carbon in the mineral soil and distance from the nearest forest was analyzed for the set of all study sites in the years 2011 and 2015. Altogether, 9208 individuals belonging to 77 species were collected. Redundancy Analyses (RDA) indicated that on the individual study sites the year of study was generally positively correlated with temperature and negatively with rainfall, indicating increasing temperatures and decreasing amount of rainfall over the years. For study sites in forest stands in most cases the rainfall was a significant factor, especially the rainfall in the year before the inventory. For study sites in open areas both rainfall and temperature showed significant results. Using Canonical Correspondence Analyses (CCA) for analyzing the impact of the factors on carabid assemblages of the full set of study sites in 2011 and 2015, it was shown that age was positively correlated with carbon in the organic layer, but not with carbon in the mineral soil. Significant factors were carbon in the organic layer and distance from the nearest forest. The results of the study enlarge our knowledge on the impact of different predictable and stochastic environmental factors on the formation of carabid beetle assemblages in rural landscapes.

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