Conversion of plastic wastes to alternative fuel using G2F system

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-700
Author(s):  
Naresh Srinivasan ◽  
Mohanraj Rajamanickam ◽  
Mythili Gnanamangai Balasubramaniyan ◽  
Philip Robinson Jayachandran
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Present Decade ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Minimal Energy Cost ◽  
High Investment

The present decade saying ban plastic is much worried about the water scarcity. It’s being revealed banning plastic bring more water scarcity as the alternative goods to plastic are more water consuming in its production. Water, air and land being the primary requirement for life should be preserved in every product invention and technological innovation. The present study proposes a suitable technology that saves all the required land resources. The so far used plastics are said to be dump threat to land resources and micro lives in it. The existence of plastic ban is a profound threat to water. Air is being polluted every day due to the exhaust of fuel and heaps of land fill. An alternative to plastics might be good invention but to recycle the already existing plastics are the real solutions to the plastics. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass and often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals. However an array of variants are made from renewable materials such as polylactic acid from corn or cellulosic from cotton linters. Having a strong chemical bond that makes them degrade very slowly, which creates environmental issues and makes the soil unfit for vegetation. Conversion of plastic into alternative fuel may require high investment in terms of energy. The present project addresses the minimal energy (cost effective) to convert plastic wastes and sources to convert into crude and purified fuel resources. The results revealed that 600-800ml of crude oil can be obtained from one kilogram of one time disposable plastics through paralysis in 15 minutes. During the conversion 10% per Kg methane is also produced as by product.

scholarly journals Energy Retrofitting Opportunities Using Renewable Materials—Comparative Analysis of the Current Frameworks in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Darija Gajić ◽  
Slobodan Peulić ◽  
Tim Mavrič ◽  
Anna Sandak ◽  
Črtomir Tavzes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Eu Member States

Sustainable approaches for retrofitting buildings for energy efficiency are becoming necessary in a time when the building sector is the largest energy consumer. Retrofitting building stock is effective for reducing global energy consumption and decreasing resource exploitation. Less developed EU member states and neighboring developing countries show reluctance towards healthy and renewable materials. Implementation of sustainable materials for energy retrofitting is slowed down due to gaps in legislation and effective strategic programs, availability of bio-based materials, lack of knowledge regarding use and maintenance of renewable products, and marketing lobbies. Use of bio-based materials in refurbishment is important due to their negative or low global warming potential (GWP), low primary energy (PEI) need for production, cost-effective benefits, and recycling/reuse potential. Role of environmentally friendly solutions and low-carbon economy growth is particularly relevant in developing countries, such as Bosnia-Herzegovina, that cannot afford innovative energy recovery systems, yet possess a significant amount of poorly managed building stock. This research aims to analyze frameworks regarding retrofitting of residential buildings in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Slovenia. The analysis tackles indirect causes, studies the legal background, and examines strategic frameworks; thus, it indicates potential barriers for implementation of recommended retrofitting solutions based on renewable materials.

Application of Epoxy Resin for Improvement of the Banana Stem-Acoustic Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Azril Riduan ◽  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Afifudin Habulat ◽  
Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
To Come

Background: Greener epoxidation by using vegetable oil to create an eco-friendly epoxide is being studied because it is a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly commodity that is safer than non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to come up with low-cost solutions for banana trunk acoustic panels with kinetic modelling of epoxy-based palm oil. Method: In this study, the epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by in situ performic acid to produce epoxidized palm oleic acid. Results: Banana trunk acoustic panel was successfully innovated based on the performance when the epoxy was applied. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed by using the numerical integration of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, and the results showed that there is a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model. Conclusion: Overall, the peracid mechanism was effective in producing a high yield of epoxy from palm oleic acid that is useful for the improvement of acoustic panels based on the banana trunk.

Production of an alternative fuel by the co-pyrolysis of landfill recovered plastic wastes and used lubrication oils

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacha Breyer ◽  
Loucine Mekhitarian ◽  
Bart Rimez ◽  
B. Haut
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Lubrication Oils

scholarly journals Seawater Desalination: A Review of Forward Osmosis Technique, Its Challenges, and Future Prospects

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 901
Author(s):  
Aondohemba Aende ◽  
Jabbar Gardy ◽  
Ali Hassanpour
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Individual Domain ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
To Come

Currently over 845 million people are believed to be living under severe water scarcity, and an estimated 2.8 billion people across the globe are projected to come under serious water scarcity by the year 2025, according to a United Nations (UN) report. Seawater desalination has gained more traction as the solution with the most potential for increasing global freshwater supplies amongst other solutions. However, the economic and energy costs associated with the major desalination technologies are considered intrinsically prohibitive largely due to their humongous energy requirements alongside the requirements of complex equipment and their maintenance in most cases. Whilst forward osmosis (FO) is being touted as a potentially more energy efficient and cost-effective alternative desalination technique, its efficiency is challenged by draw solutes and the draw solutes recovery step in FO applications alongside other challenges. This paper looks at the present situation of global water scarcity, and a brief leap into the major desalination technologies employed. A closer look at the key drivers of FO as a seawater desalination technique in their individual domain and its outlook as an technology are further highlighted.

Production of an Alternative Fuel by Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 1781-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Quesada ◽  
Mónica Calero ◽  
María Ángeles Martín-Lara ◽  
Antonio Pérez ◽  
Gabriel Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Plastic Wastes

scholarly journals Chroma+, a new automontage method of image background selection for Insects and other structurally complex objects

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Pavel Jakubec ◽  
Martin Novák ◽  
Jarin Qubaiová
Keyword(s):  
Film Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Green Background ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Additional Image ◽  
Color Background ◽  
Necessary Evil ◽  
True Color

Obtaining taxonomic-grade images is a vital part of probably every present-day morphological study of insects, even though the task itself is perceived as a “necessary evil” due to high investment of both time and effort to produce representable images. Cleaning the background and making it appear as a solid color of known properties is probably one of the most time-demanding tasks. Several techniques have been developed to reduce the time requirement; the most convenient and cost-effective one presumably being the chroma isolation. This method uses a green background that can be isolated and conveniently replaced with another picture or solid color, as used in the film industry. However, the main drawback of this technique is spilling of color onto the object, which is unavoidable and can be corrected only by sacrificing the true color of the object to some extent. Our improved Chroma+ method is based on classical chroma isolation workflow and helps to overcome this problem by taking an additional image of the object with a neutral color background and applying a selection obtained from the chroma-isolated picture on it. This technique is, in terms of the resulting image quality, superior to classical chroma isolation, while the time difference between these two methods is negligible. Furthermore, it does not require any additional equipment (hardware or software), thus being accessible to both employed taxonomists, low budget laboratories, and enthusiasts.

scholarly journals 2D Cam Capture: An Optimal Real-Time Dimension Measurement System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 10856-10862
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Shape Distortion ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Dimension Measurement ◽  
High Investment

In the textile industry, dimension measurement of patterns plays a major role to obtain a perfect fit for a garment. The process of obtaining the measurements must be fast enough with high accuracy to avoid wastage of materials and also to ensure customer satisfaction. Currently digitizer is used to do the measurements of industrial patterns in textile industries. The existing digitizer has certain disadvantages which include high investment and less accuracy due to manual intervention for coordinate mapping. In recent trends image processing is a growing tool to analyse and process the image captured by a camera, which plays the major role in quality control system and material inspection system in various industries. The proposed method acts as a pinch-hitting to the conventional processes by providing a 2D Cam Capture algorithm using sequence of image processing techniques. This eases the measuring process by providing accurate dimensions of multi shapes without any distortion. This computer vision-based system involves capturing the image, processing and shape analysis using pixel calculation algorithm thereby providing accurate measurements. 2D Cam Capture provides an accuracy of 98.6% obtained from 245 samples at a minimum rate of 189.90 ms per iteration.It is cost effective by using a camera and it ease the process of capturing multi shapes without any shape distortion. This method increases accuracy and let the user to achieve their time schedule by way of increasing the productivity.

scholarly journals Current and Emerging Adsorbent Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Trends, Limitations, and Environmental Implications

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Fazila Younas ◽  
Adnan Mustafa ◽  
Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Sadia Younas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Secondary Pollutants ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Agricultural Materials

Wastewater generation and treatment is an ever-increasing concern in the current century due to increased urbanization and industrialization. To tackle the situation of increasing environmental hazards, numerous wastewater treatment approaches are used—i.e., physical, chemical, and biological (primary to tertiary treatment) methods. Various treatment techniques being used have the risks of producing secondary pollutants. The most promising technique is the use of different materials as adsorbents that have a higher efficacy in treating wastewater, with a minimal production of secondary pollutants. Biosorption is a key process that is highly efficient and cost-effective. This method majorly uses the adsorption process/mechanism for toxicant removal from wastewater. This review elaborates the major agricultural and non-agricultural materials-based sorbents that have been used with their possible mechanisms of pollutant removal. Moreover, this creates a better understanding of how the efficacy of these sorbents can be enhanced by modification or treatments with other substances. This review also explains the re-usability and mechanisms of the used adsorbents and/or their disposal in a safe and environmentally friendly way, along with highlighting the major research gaps and potential future research directions. Additionally, the cost benefit ratio of adsorbents is elucidated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document