THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL AND INSTRUMENTAL RESEARCH METHODS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY

2021 ◽  
pp. 750-755
Author(s):  
Т.В. Таютина ◽  
А.В. Лысенко ◽  
Т.М. Казарян ◽  
Д.С. Лысенко
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Более чем у 500 пожилых пациентов с ХОБЛ оценивали частоту применения спиральной КТ легких и эхо-КГ сердца с диагностической целью и для контроля за течением болезни. Проведенное исследование показало, что, несмотря на высокую клиническую значимость показателя ОФВ(объем форсированного выдоха за 1-ю секунду), сам показатель при постановке диагноза ХОБЛ у пожилых пациентов является крайне неспецифичным. Высокая специфичность КТ легких обусловливает необходимость использования данного диагностического метода у пожилых пациентов для выявления морфологических изменений легких при наличии клинических признаков бронхиальной обструкции и отрицательных данных спирометрии. Необходимо усилить роль эхо-КГ при диагностике хронического легочного сердца и стратификации тяжести основного заболевания у пожилых больных ХОБЛ. In more than 500 elderly patients with COPD, the frequency of spiral computed tomography (SCT) of the lungs and echo-CG of the heart was evaluated for diagnostic purposes and to monitor the course of the disease. The study showed that despite the high clinical significance of the FEV indicator (the volume of forced exhalation in the first second), the indicator itself is extremely non-specific when diagnosing COPD in elderly patients. The high specificity of lung CT makes it necessary to use this diagnostic method in elderly patients to detect morphological changes in the lungs in the presence of clinical signs of bronchial obstruction and negative spirometry data. It is necessary to strengthen the role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary heart disease and stratification of the severity of the underlying disease in elderly patients with COPD.

scholarly journals Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with coronary heart disease of elderly age groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
G.P. Voinarovska ◽  
E.O. Asanov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background. Among the combinations of comorbid conditions, a special role belongs to the combination of coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Because COPD is often associated with CHD, most authors believe that there is a direct link between COPD, progression of bronchial obstruction, and pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system, including mortality from myocardial infarction. In elderly patients, according to some researchers, the link between COPD and CHD is most pronounced. Objective. To establish the frequency of COPD in patients with CHD in older age groups. Materials and methods. The studies are based on the results of a comprehensive survey of 635 patients with CHD aged 60-89 years, who were observed for a long time of the State Institution “Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. Results and discussion. The share of patients with CHD in whom COPD was detected in the group of elderly people is 19.4 %. This is much more than the average population. The frequency of COPD in patients with CHD decreases significantly with further aging. The prevalence of COPD among elderly patients is much lower than among elderly patients. This can most likely be explained by the fact that a significant proportion of patients with CHD with COPD do not live to old age. The analysis revealed that in elderly patients there is bronchial obstruction of more severe stages. This is due to the fact that CHD patients with COPD who live to old age have worsening bronchial patency due to the longer duration of the disease. It has been established that the majority of patients with CHD with COPD, both elderly and senile, are male. This can be explained by the negative effects of smoking. Conclusions. The incidence of COPD in patients with CHD in the elderly is much higher than in the population. At the same time, the incidence of COPD among patients with CHD in the elderly is much lower than among the elderly. In patients of advanced age bronchial obstruction is more expressed.

scholarly journals Hypoxia resistance among the agedpatients with chronic obstructive lung disease: possibilities of using hypoxic trains

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Iryna Dyba ◽  
Ervin Asanov ◽  
Seviliya Asanova ◽  
Juliya Holubova
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Resistance To Hypoxia ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Age Related

Age-related morphological and functional changes in the body lead to the development of arterial hypoxemia, tissue hypoxia and hypoxic changes, which reduces the body's resistance to hypoxia and contributes to the development of lung diseases, in particular chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the elderly. The aim of the study was to clarify the effect of interval normobaric hypoxic training (INHT) on hypoxia resistance in elderly patients with COPD. The survey showed that with an increase in bronchial obstruction, the shifts of blood saturation during hypoxia increase. The course of INHT leads to increased resistance to hypoxia, and also increases the ventilation response to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF RESISTANCE TO HYPOXIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
E. O. Asanov ◽  
Yu. I. Golubova ◽  
I. A. Dyba ◽  
S. O. Asanova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Resistance To Hypoxia ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Healthy Elderly People ◽  
Ventilation Response

FEATURES OF RESISTANCE TO HYPOXIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE E. O. Asanov, Yu. I. Golubova, I. A. Dyba, S. O. Asanova Abstract Aim: to study the features of resistance to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD. Material and methods. We examined 46 elderly patients with COPD and 18 apparently healthy elderly people. Hypoxia resistance was determined by performing a hypoxic test with inhalation of 12 % O2 for 20 minutes. The state of ventilation and blood saturation were assessed. Results. Hypoxia caused the reduction of SpO2 and the development of arterial hypoxemia in elderly patients with COPD, which were more significant than in healthy elderly people. It was found that among elderly patients with COPD and healthy elderly subjects there were people with preserved and reduced resistance to hypoxia. However, reduced resistance to hypoxia was much more common in elderly patients with COPD. Decreased resistance to hypoxia in elderly patients with COPD was associated with the degree of bronchial obstruction: deterioration of bronchial passability led to reduced resistance to hypoxia. Elderly patients with COPD with reduced resistance to hypoxia had a decrease in the ΔVE/ ΔSpO2 ratio and a slow ventilation response to hypoxic exposure. Conclusions. Among healthy elderly people and elderly patients with COPD there were subjects with reduced and preserved resistance to hypoxia. Decreased resistance to hypoxia was much more common in elderly patients with COPD. Decreased resistance to hypoxia was more common in patients with moderate than mild bronchial obstruction. Elderly patients with COPD with reduced resistance to hypoxia had reduced ventilation response to hypoxia and chemoreflex sensitivity. Key words: COPD, older age, resistance to hypoxia, ventilation, saturation. Ukr. Pulmonol. J. 2021;29(3):36–40:

scholarly journals Contributing Factors to Hospital Readmissions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Amalfitano
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Transitional Care ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Care Of Elderly

Aims and objectives. To investigate the elderly patient’s perspective about the reasons for discharge to home being unsuccessful, resulting in rehospitalization. Background. Elderly patients have a high rate of readmission to the hospital within 30 days of discharge. Starting in October of 2013, hospitals having a high rate of readmission of patients with heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), and pneumonia (PNA) will face financial penalties. Evidence indicated that by utilizing risk prediction tools and incorporating transition interventions the risk of a hospital readmission may be reduced. Design. A qualitative, descriptive design was used. Methods. In 2013, a student investigator interviewed elderly patients over the age of 65 who were readmitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of HF, MI, PNA or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) within 30 days of discharge. A total of six (N=6) patients and/or surrogates participated in the interviews. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and subjected to thematic content analysis. Results. Three major themes emerged: discharge readiness, communication, and education. Implications for the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). Practicing in an APRN role provides the opportunity for the nurse to facilitate the appropriate transitional care of elderly patients placing them at less risk for hospital readmission within 30 days.

scholarly journals The polymorphisms of FGFR2 and MGAT5 affect the susceptibility to COPD in the Chinese people

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Li ◽  
Guangyu Zhou ◽  
Xiaobo Tian ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Guoyao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
New Biomarkers

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by incomplete reversible airflow limitation and chronic inflammatory response lesions. This study mainly explored whether FGFR2 and MGAT5 polymorphisms affected the risk of COPD in the Chinese people. Methods Five variants in FGFR2 and MGAT5 were chosen and genotyped using Agena MassARRAY platform from 315 COPD patients and 314 healthy controls. The correlation of FGFR2 and MGAT5 with COPD susceptibility was evaluated with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) via logistic regression. Results We found rs2420915 enhanced the risk of COPD, while rs6430491, rs2593704 reduced the susceptibility of COPD (p < 0.05). Rs2420915 could promote the incidence of COPD in the elderly and nonsmokers. Rs1907240 and rs2257129 also increased the susceptibility to COPD in nonsmokers (p < 0.05). MGAT5-rs2593704 played a protective role in COPD development in different subgroups (age ≤ 70, male, smokers, and individuals with BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2). Meanwhile, rs6430491 was linked with a lower risk of COPD in nonsmoking and BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2 subgroups. Conclusions We concluded that FGFR2 and MGAT5 genetic polymorphisms are correlated with the risk of COPD in the Chinese people. These data underscored the important role of FGFR2 and MGAT5 gene in the occurrence of COPD and provided new biomarkers for COPD treatment. Trial registration: NA.

scholarly journals ROLE OF IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 CYTOKINES IN THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Trushina ◽  
E. M. Kostina ◽  
B. A. Molotilov ◽  
V. A. Tipikin ◽  
N. I. Baranova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is socially significant disease. COPD is based on chronic inflammatory process of respiratory tract, which determines steady progression of the bronchial obstruction. Studies of the role of cytokines in immune pathogenesis of COPD are of crucial importance. The biological mediators determine local, systemic inflammation, and pathophysiological effects of extra-systemic pathological manifestations. In this work, we studied spontaneous and induced production of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 cytokines by blood leukocytes from the patients with moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, beyond the exacerbation phase. It is shown that the evident role in formation of the inflammatory process in COPD belongs to the IL-6, IL-8. We have found a significant increase in both spontaneous and induced production of IL-6 and IL-8 (p < 0.05) in the patients. Induced production of cytokines strongly suggests the reserve capabilities of immunocompetent cells in response to the pathogenic factor. Neutrophilic type of inflammation, manifesting as activation of granulocytes, mostly, neutrophils, in response to toxic agents (in particular, smoking) and bacterial pathogens, is primarily associated with IL-6 and IL-8. These results reflect the type and intensity of respiratory tract inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its persistent course.High levels of the studied cytokines confirm their role in bronchial remodeling and contribute to irreversibility of bronchial obstruction in this disorder. The relationship between spontaneous and induced production of the studied cytokines and the clinical indices of the disease course has been shown. Statistically significant increase between frequency of COPD recurrences (more than 2 times pro year, p < 0.05), and low FEV1values (p < 0.05) were observed in patients with high values of spontaneous and induced production of IL-6 and IL-8. It may be associated with persistent course of neutrophilic inflammation of respiratory tract and progressive bronchial obstruction. IL-6 and IL-8 significantly contribute to pathogenetic mechanisms, determining the clinical course of COPD and may serve as markers of severity in this disorder. Certainly, the immune mechanisms of pathological inflammation in COPD are complex and multifaceted. Studies of clinical significance of induced cytokine production will help the physician when determining type and duration of treatment. Personalized approach to the therapy of patients with COPD depends on the phenotype of pathology, pattern, severity and intensity of inflammation.

Survey of Depression in the Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hwan Sung ◽  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Se-Hoon Shim ◽  
Hee-Yeun Jeong ◽  
Jae-Sung Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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