The Effect of Screen Badminton Participation Following Age on the Body Components and Cardiorespiratory Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-908
Author(s):  
So-Hyung Kang ◽  
Kyu-Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Components

scholarly journals Genetic Association Analysis for Relative Growths of Body Compositions and Metabolic Traits to Body Weights in Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Hengyu Zhang ◽  
Yunfeng Zhao ◽  
Xiaojing Zhou ◽  
Jie Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allometric Scaling ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Scaling Models ◽  
Body Components ◽  
Body Compositions

In animal breeding, body components and metabolic traits always fall behind body weights in genetic improvement, which leads to the decline in standards and qualities of animal products. Phenotypically, the relative growth of multiple body components and metabolic traits relative to body weights are characterized by using joint allometric scaling models, and then random regression models (RRMs) are constructed to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for relative grwoth allometries of body compositions and metabolic traits in chicken. Referred to as real joint allometric scaling models, statistical utility of the so-called LASSO-RRM mapping method is given a demonstration by computer simulation analysis. Using the F2 population by crossing broiler × Fayoumi, we formulated optimal joint allometric scaling models of fat, shank weight (shank-w) and liver as well as thyroxine (T4) and glucose (GLC) to body weights. For body compositions, a total of 9 QTLs, including 4 additive and 5 dominant QTLs, were detected to control the allometric scalings of fat, shank-w, and liver to body weights; while a total of 10 QTLs of which 6 were dominant, were mapped to govern the allometries of T4 and GLC to body weights. We characterized relative growths of body compositions and metabolic traits to body weights in broilers with joint allometric scaling models and detected QTLs for the allometry scalings of the relative growths by using RRMs. The identified QTLs, including their highly linked genetic markers, could be used to order relative growths of the body components or metabolic traits to body weights in marker-assisted breeding programs for improving the standard and quality of broiler meat products.

DIRECT GENETIC AND POSTNATAL MATERNAL GENETIC EFFECTS ON BODY COMPOSITION IN MICE SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Hayes ◽  
E. J. Eisen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Body Components ◽  
Water Percent

Line crossfostering techniques were used to study differences among selected and control lines of mice in direct genetic and postnatal maternal genetic influences on preweaning (day 12) body weight and composition. The lines were selected for high (H6) and low (L6) 6-week body weight and the control line (C2) was maintained by random selection. There were positive correlated responses to selection in both direct genetic and postnatal maternal genetic effects on body weight and weights of all body components (P < 0.01) except for water and ash weight in H6. The correlated responses in postnatal maternal genetic effects were of the same order of magnitude as those in direct genetic effects. Correlated responses were greater in L6 than in H6. Correlated responses in direct genetic effects were positive (P < 0.01) for water percent in H6 and ether extract percent in L6, and negative (P < 0.01) for water percent and lean percent in L6. Correlated responses in postnatal maternal genetic effects were positive for ether extract percent and negative for water percent (P < 0.01). Correlated responses were far greater in L6 than in H6 and were greater for postnatal maternal genetic effects than for direct genetic effects. Analyses of covariance results indicated line differences in the relative growth rates of the body components.

scholarly journals Importance of Vehicle Body Elements and Rear Axle Elements for Describing Road Booming Noise

Vehicles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-603
Author(s):  
Michael Herrmann ◽  
Rainer Jöst ◽  
Florian Kehl ◽  
Ali Özkan ◽  
Simon Pless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rear Axle ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Coupled Modes ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Body Components

For investigating influences of vehicle components on the acoustic comfort at low frequencies, e.g., the booming noise behavior of a vehicle, building a whole car simulation model is useful. To reduce the model’s complexity and to save resources in the validation process, we first identify relevant components before building the model. Based on previous studies, we focus on the vehicle’s body and the rear axle. In this paper, we analyze which axle and body elements are crucial for describing road booming noise. For this purpose, we use impact measurements to examine noise transfer functions of the body and a vibro-acoustical modal analysis to identify coupled modes between the body’s structure and the interior cavity. For investigating relevant force paths from the rear axle to the body, we used a chassis test bench. We identify the main transmission paths of road booming noise and highlight which axle and body components have an influence on them. Mainly the rear axle in its upright direction in combination with a rigid body movement of the rear tailgate coupled with the first longitudinal mode of the airborne cavity causes road booming noise. Furthermore, the rear axle steering, the active roll stabilization and the trim elements of the vehicle’s body are essential to describe road booming noise. The results can be used to set priorities in the validation of individual axle and body components for future simulation models. We found that the ventilation openings, the front seats, the headliner, and the cockpit of a vehicle have little influence on its noise transfer functions from the rear axle connection points to the driver’s ear between 20 and 60 Hz.

Predicting the chemical composition of the body and the carcass of 3/4Boer×1/4Saanen kids using body components

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H.M.R. Fernandes ◽  
K.T. Resende ◽  
L.O. Tedeschi ◽  
J.S. Fernandes ◽  
I.A.M.A. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Components

The influence of heavy infestations of Polydora ciliata on the flesh content of Mytilus edulis

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. L. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mantle Tissue ◽  
Polydora Ciliata ◽  
Weight Condition ◽  
Body Components

The dry weight condition index and water content of two groups of mussels, one with heavy infestations and the other with mild infestations of Polydora ciliata, were determined over a period of 15 consecutive months. The results were seasonally variable, but for most months the heavily infested mussels had a condition index significantly lower, and a water content significantly higher, than the mildly infested mussels. This suggests that heavy infestations of P. ciliata are associated with reduced flesh content in mussels.Further analyses of the body components of the two groups of mussels, showed that the mantle tissue of heavily infested mussels was reduced much more than the nonmantle tissue. Since the mantle is the main repository of gametes, this suggests that heavy infestations of P. ciliata might lower the fecundity of mussels.

Relationship of components of the body among mature cows as related to size, lactation potential and possible effects on productivity

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Jenkins ◽  
C. L. Ferrell ◽  
L. V. Cundiff
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Body Components ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTAttributes of lactation and weight of components of the empty body were analysed to evaluate relationships between performance potential of various breeds or breed crosses and the proportion of empty-body components relative to slaughter weight. Differences in major internal organs attributable to breed, breed cross, level of food intake, mature body size and milk production potential were observed. Milk yield was positively related to proportion of lung tissue, tended to be positively related to head and liver tissues but was negatively related to the proportion of warm carcass. As estimated from a three breed diallel, significant additive breed direct effects were observed for several empty-body components. In general, heterosis tended to be non-significant for all proportions of body components with the exception of proportion of head, fore and hind feet and lung tissue. Breed crosses characterized as having greater potential for mature weight were heavier at slaughter and had a greater proportion of structural components such as head, hide and fore and hind feet. Differences among visceral organs associated with production potential for size and milk production are discussed relative to the possible effect on basal energy expenditure and the effect these differences may have on the energy requirements for a cow/calf livestock enterprise.

The effect of pre- and post-natal nutrition on the growth of beef cattle. 3. The effect of severe restriction in early post-natal life on the development of the body components and chemical composition

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
GD Tudor ◽  
DW Utting ◽  
PK O'Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Body Components ◽  
Female Cattle

The effects of restricted growth of cattle both before and after birth, of the method of their realimentation, and of sex on (1) body and carcass composition, (2) the weights of visceral components, (3) the weights of selected individual muscles and bones, and (4) the heights of the animals at the withers and pelvis were ascertained. Castrate male and entire female cattle were slaughtered when their liveweights reached 400 and 370 kg respectively. Other male and female calves were slaughtered at 200 days of age following a controlled feeding period on either a high or a low plane diet. Although pre-natal nutrition significantly (P < 0.05) affected the height of the calves at 3 days of age, it had no lasting effect on this or other components. When adjusted to the same empty body weight or carcass weight, animals restricted in growth then intensively realimented had (P < 0.01) more fat and less protein, water and ash than animals unrestricted in growth and later fed intensively. Animals finished on pasture had (P < 0.01) less fat and more protein, water and ash than the intensively finished calves, but their composition was unaffected by the controlled feeding treatments. Significant differences (P < 0.01) between restricted and unrestricted animals in the percentage water or protein in the fat-free mass at the end of the controlled feeding period were eliminated when the animals had recovered. The weights of visceral components, individual muscles and bones were not influenced by the level of nutrition during the controlled feeding period. Animals finished on pasture had (P < 0.01) more blood, heavier livers, heavier individual muscles and bones than the intensively finished animals. They also had (P < 0.01) lighter fasted liveweight, empty body weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage and heavier wet rumen-reticulum contents than the intensively finished cattle. Although the pasture finished animals were (P < 0.01) shorter at 200 and 300 days of age than the intensively finished animals, they were (P < 0.01) taller just prior to slaughter. It is suggested that meat-producing animals can overcome restrictions imposed on growth immediately after birth to attain marketable weight on either pasture or intensive feeding.

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