Relationship of components of the body among mature cows as related to size, lactation potential and possible effects on productivity

ABSTRACTAttributes of lactation and weight of components of the empty body were analysed to evaluate relationships between performance potential of various breeds or breed crosses and the proportion of empty-body components relative to slaughter weight. Differences in major internal organs attributable to breed, breed cross, level of food intake, mature body size and milk production potential were observed. Milk yield was positively related to proportion of lung tissue, tended to be positively related to head and liver tissues but was negatively related to the proportion of warm carcass. As estimated from a three breed diallel, significant additive breed direct effects were observed for several empty-body components. In general, heterosis tended to be non-significant for all proportions of body components with the exception of proportion of head, fore and hind feet and lung tissue. Breed crosses characterized as having greater potential for mature weight were heavier at slaughter and had a greater proportion of structural components such as head, hide and fore and hind feet. Differences among visceral organs associated with production potential for size and milk production are discussed relative to the possible effect on basal energy expenditure and the effect these differences may have on the energy requirements for a cow/calf livestock enterprise.

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RELATIONSHIP OF SKIN MEASUREMENTS AND MILK PRODUCTION LEVELS IN CATTLE BREEDS MAINTAINED IN THE TROPICS

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v4i2.2301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 92-95

Author(s):

S. F. Amakiri

Keyword(s):

Hair Follicle ◽

Milk Production ◽

Skin Thickness ◽

Production Potential ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Positive Linear Correlation ◽

The Tropics ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Selection Of

The relationship between mean skin thickness or hair follicle depth of the skin from the midside (12th rib) area and milk production levels of pure Friesian (Holstein)cattle breeds, their ¾ and 7/8 crosses with White Fulani zebu, and pure White Fulanis, maintained in South-Western Nigeria were studied. A strongly positive linear correlation (r = 0.9), significant at 1% level was found between skin thickness and hair follicle depth, and milk production levels in these breeds. The results indicate that for cows maintained in a hot humid tropical environment, comparative midside skin thickness and hair follicle depth could be used as indices of the milk production potential of cows. It could be a useful field tool for selection of cows for milk production when considered along with other characteristics

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Experience in studying blood alkalinity in eczema

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj58171 ◽

1930 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 83-88

Author(s):

B. S. Bikkenin ◽

N. N. Yasnitsky

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Point Of View ◽

The Body ◽

Autonomic Innervation ◽

General State ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Symptom Complex ◽

Biological Relationship ◽

Relationship Of

The etiology of eczema is still one of the darkest and most controversial, still awaiting its resolution in dermatology. The peculiarity of the course and clinical varieties of eczema, which in some cases do not fit into the framework of a certain symptom complex, its occurrence in persons suffering from constitutional diseases, undoubtedly in some cases causing dependence on disorders in the field of autonomic innervation, finally, studied experimentally by Jadassohn, Bloch , Wеidеnfeld'om the reactivity of the skin of eczematics, its special state of readiness for eczema (Eczembereit-schaft), which is an expression of sensitization all this makes the view of eczema quite reasonable as a process that is etiologically closely associated with changes in the general state of the body. From this point of view, those studies that are aimed at finding out the intimate biological relationship of the skin with various systems of internal organs and to establish the ways in which the influence of metabolic disorders should be transmitted to the skin are of particular importance.

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The effectiveness of use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es when rearing of young pigs

Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production) ◽

10.33920/sel-05-2001-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 3-11

Author(s):

S. Grikshas ◽

N. Kulmakova ◽

K. Spitsyna ◽

A. Dar’in ◽

T. Mittelshtein

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Additives ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Feed Digestibility ◽

Young Pigs ◽

Carcinogenic Effects ◽

Experimental Group

Mycotoxins have been formed in feed are secondary metabolites of fungi and are quite stable substances that have teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. An effective way to combat mycotoxins in feed is the use of feed additives that adsorb toxins, prevent their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are excreted from the body. The infl uence of coconut enterosorbent Shelltic Es on fattening and meat qualities of young pigs has been studied. It has been found in the process of fattening that the highest feed digestibility was in pigs of the experimental group, in the diet of which enterosorbent has been added. The results of studies of the chemical composition and technological properties of pork have been provided. The positive eff ect of enterosorbent on precocity, absolute average daily gain of live weight and reduction of feed expenditures per 1 kg of gain has been revealed. In pigs from the experimental group the average thickness of the fat was higher and the area of the “muscle eye” was lower compared with animals of the control group, which indicates that higher rates of carcass yield have been obtained due to faster accumulation of fat tissue. The weight of internal organs of pigs indicates the intensity of metabolic processes in the body. In experimental animals the weight of the lungs was 0,1 kg lower, and the liver and heart were higher by 0,13 and 0,01 kg, respectively. Enterosorbent had no effect on the content of vitamins in the liver of pigs of the compared groups. The content of impurities of organochlorine toxicants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of animals of the experimental group was lower than that of control analogues. Therefore, the use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es promotes more active excretion of them from the body.

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THE RELATIONSHIP OF MASS OF THE BODY, FISHERY LENGTH AND THE FISH – PRODUCTIVITY OF ONE-YEARS OF PIKEPERCH BY THE BREEDING THEM IN PONDS FOR CARPS

NATURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.21672/1818-507x-2017-59-2-014-021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 014-021

Author(s):

Saya K. Koyshibaeva ◽

◽

Shokhan A. Alpeyisov ◽

Evgeniy V. Fedorov ◽

Nina S. Badryzlova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fish Productivity

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Epilogue

10.1093/oso/9780190653507.003.0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua S. Walden

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

The Self ◽

The Individual ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The book’s epilogue explores the place of musical portraiture in the context of posthumous depictions of the deceased, and in relation to the so-called posthuman condition, which describes contemporary changes in the relationship of the individual with such aspects of life as technology and the body. It first examines Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo to view how Bernard Herrmann’s score relates to issues of portraiture and the depiction of the identity of the deceased. It then considers the work of cyborg composer-artist Neil Harbisson, who has aimed, through the use of new capabilities of hybridity between the body and technology, to convey something akin to visual likeness in his series of Sound Portraits. The epilogue shows how an examination of contemporary views of posthumous and posthuman identities helps to illuminate the ways music represents the self throughout the genre of musical portraiture.

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Ferromagnetic soft catheter robots for minimally invasive bioprinting

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-25386-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Zhou ◽

Youzhou Yang ◽

Jiaxin Wang ◽

Qingyang Wu ◽

Zhuozhi Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Minimally Invasive ◽

The Body ◽

Magnetic Actuation ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Planar Surfaces ◽

Reinforced Polymer ◽

Direct Fabrication ◽

Digitally Controlled

AbstractIn vivo bioprinting has recently emerged as a direct fabrication technique to create artificial tissues and medical devices on target sites within the body, enabling advanced clinical strategies. However, existing in vivo bioprinting methods are often limited to applications near the skin or require open surgery for printing on internal organs. Here, we report a ferromagnetic soft catheter robot (FSCR) system capable of in situ computer-controlled bioprinting in a minimally invasive manner based on magnetic actuation. The FSCR is designed by dispersing ferromagnetic particles in a fiber-reinforced polymer matrix. This design results in stable ink extrusion and allows for printing various materials with different rheological properties and functionalities. A superimposed magnetic field drives the FSCR to achieve digitally controlled printing with high accuracy. We demonstrate printing multiple patterns on planar surfaces, and considering the non-planar surface of natural organs, we then develop an in situ printing strategy for curved surfaces and demonstrate minimally invasive in vivo bioprinting of hydrogels in a rat model. Our catheter robot will permit intelligent and minimally invasive bio-fabrication.

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Dynamic evolution of emphysema and airway remodeling in two mouse models of COPD

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-021-01456-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yue Yang ◽

Tingting Di ◽

Zixiao Zhang ◽

Jiaxin Liu ◽

Congli Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Airway Remodeling ◽

Exposed Group ◽

The Body ◽

Mouse Lung ◽

Control Group ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Exposure Method

Abstract Background Establishment of a mouse model is important for investigating the mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we observed and compared the evolution of the pathology in two mouse models of COPD induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods One hundred eight wild-type C57BL/6 mice were equally divided into three groups: the (1) control group, (2) CS-exposed group (CS group), and (3) CS + LPS-exposed group (CS + LPS group). The body weight of the mice was recorded, and noninvasive lung function tests were performed monthly. Inflammation was evaluated by counting the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and measuring the expression of the IL-6 mRNA in mouse lung tissue. Changes in pathology were assessed by performing hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining of lung tissue sections. Results The two treatments induced emphysema and airway remodeling and decreased lung function. Emphysema was induced after 1 month of exposure to CS or CS + LPS, while airway remodeling was induced after 2 months of exposure to CS + LPS and 3 months of exposure to CS. Moreover, the mice in the CS + LPS group exhibited more severe inflammation and airway remodeling than the mice in the CS group, but the two treatments induced similar levels of emphysema. Conclusion Compared with the single CS exposure method, the CS + LPS exposure method is a more suitable model of COPD in airway remodeling research. Conversely, the CS exposure method is a more suitable model of COPD for emphysema research due to its simple operation.

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Genetic Association Analysis for Relative Growths of Body Compositions and Metabolic Traits to Body Weights in Broilers

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020469 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 469

Author(s):

Ying Zhang ◽

Hengyu Zhang ◽

Yunfeng Zhao ◽

Xiaojing Zhou ◽

Jie Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allometric Scaling ◽

Mapping Method ◽

The Body ◽

Random Regression ◽

Broiler Meat ◽

Metabolic Traits ◽

Body Weights ◽

Scaling Models ◽

Body Components ◽

Body Compositions

In animal breeding, body components and metabolic traits always fall behind body weights in genetic improvement, which leads to the decline in standards and qualities of animal products. Phenotypically, the relative growth of multiple body components and metabolic traits relative to body weights are characterized by using joint allometric scaling models, and then random regression models (RRMs) are constructed to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for relative grwoth allometries of body compositions and metabolic traits in chicken. Referred to as real joint allometric scaling models, statistical utility of the so-called LASSO-RRM mapping method is given a demonstration by computer simulation analysis. Using the F2 population by crossing broiler × Fayoumi, we formulated optimal joint allometric scaling models of fat, shank weight (shank-w) and liver as well as thyroxine (T4) and glucose (GLC) to body weights. For body compositions, a total of 9 QTLs, including 4 additive and 5 dominant QTLs, were detected to control the allometric scalings of fat, shank-w, and liver to body weights; while a total of 10 QTLs of which 6 were dominant, were mapped to govern the allometries of T4 and GLC to body weights. We characterized relative growths of body compositions and metabolic traits to body weights in broilers with joint allometric scaling models and detected QTLs for the allometry scalings of the relative growths by using RRMs. The identified QTLs, including their highly linked genetic markers, could be used to order relative growths of the body components or metabolic traits to body weights in marker-assisted breeding programs for improving the standard and quality of broiler meat products.

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The Psychology of Memory in Spenser's Faerie Queene

PMLA ◽

10.2307/458020 ◽

1932 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 89-96

Author(s):

Daniel C. Boughner

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

World City ◽

Faerie Queene ◽

Extended Treatment ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Faerie Queene

From Plato and Aristotle, Hippocrates and Galen, through the medieval commentators, the Elizabethans inherited a body of complex psychological principles. An examination of these principles and their bearing on The Faerie Queene has so far been only casual and incidental. Since in Book ii, Canto ix, the poet combines one of the most widely used of medieval motifs—the conception of the body as a world, city, or castle—with certain current doctrines of psychology, such an inquiry is especially apposite. Spenser's use of the abundant contemporaneous literature of psychology affords material for an extended treatment such as that which Miss Anderson has made of Shakespeare's plays. The present study purposes to set forth one aspect of his system of psychology—his psychology of memory in the allegory of the Castle of Alma, to make clear the relationship of his system to the current Elizabethan doctrines, and to establish the purpose of certain departures from those doctrines.

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