scholarly journals Maternal care in Omaspides bistriata Boheman (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Mesomphaliini)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-622
Author(s):  
Rolando Ramírez C. ◽  
Marcela Sánchez-Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Stages Of Development

Maternal care (subsociality): characterization of the different stages of maternal care and its efficiency as a strategy. Maternal care and larval development of Omaspides bistriata Boheman, 1862 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Mesomphaliini) are described; including characteristics and manner in which maternal care is given across the different stages of development of the specie (eggs, larvae, pupae and teneral adults). We report the oviposition of eggs, the duration to hatch the eggs, and the duration of larval period, pupal stage, and emergence. A life table and survival curve is presented covering all life stages. Changes in the behavior and feeding habits are also noted for the immatures and the attending mother.

HEMOGRAMS OF SELECTED STAGES OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary B. Dunphy ◽  
Richard A. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Prepupal Stage ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Absolute

AbstractFive types of hemocytes (plasmatocytes, granular cells, spherule cells, oenocytoids, and prohemocytes) were identified in the larval, prepupal, and pupal stages of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Hemocyte numbers (total hemocyte counts and absolute hemocyte counts) increased during larval development. The absolute counts were greater in female larvae than in the male larvae during the fourth instar but were higher in the males during the fifth and sixth instars. Hemocyte numbers peaked in the prepupal stage in females and in the early pupal stage in males. The plasmatocytes and granular cells were the predominant hemocytes in both sexes. The plasmatocytes decreased and the granular cells increased throughout larval development of both sexes. There were more plasmatocytes in the males than in the females in all stages of development. There were more granular cells in the males than the females until the sixth instar when the reverse occurred.

The Utilisation of metabolic Water in Insects

1944 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fraenkel ◽  
M. Blewett
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
Ephestia Kuehniella ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Metabolic Water ◽  
Food Consumed

(1) Three insects,Tribolium confusum, Ephestia kuehniellaandDermestes vulpinus, have been grown at several humidities and the following factors have been determined: length of larval period; water content of food and of the freshly formed pupae; wet and dry weight of pupae and wet and dry weight of food consumed during larval development. The “net utilisation” of the food has been calculated as the ratio of dry weight of food eaten per larva to dry weight of pupa.(2) At lower humidities more food is eaten to produce a given unit of body weight. The length of the larval period increases and the weight of the pupae decreases.(3) More food is eaten at low humidities, because part of the food is utilised as water. As a consequence of this, the larva grows more slowly and its final size is smaller. It is shown forDermestesat 30 per cent. andEphestiaat 1 per cent. R.H. that less than 32·9 and 7·6 per cent. of the water in the pupae can be derived from water ingested with the food.

IN VIVO SYNTHESIS AND BREAKDOWN OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID IN TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM DUVAL

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Chaudhary ◽  
A. Lemonde
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
In Vivo Synthesis

The in vivo synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as shown by the rate of incorporation of14C-thymidine, has been investigated at different stages in the life cycle of Tribolium confusum. During the larval period, a close similarity is observed between the rate of DNA synthesis and the pattern of growth. The pupal stage, which is a non-growth phase, is characterized by a cessation of DNA synthesis. During the larval growth phase, although the 3-day-old larvae have the lowest and the 13-day-old have the highest rate of DNA synthesis, the rate of DNA degradation in the older larvae is almost twice as great as that of the younger larvae. These findings are consistent with the observed total concentration of DNA of the insect at these stages.

Larval development of the stygobitic shrimp Creaseria morleyi (Creaser, 1936) (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Sergio A Benítez ◽  
Thomas M Iliffe ◽  
Salvador Martínez ◽  
Juan Carlos Ojeda ◽  
José Luis Villalobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
Anchialine Caves

Abstract Although the larval development of epigean palaemonid shrimps has been studied extensively, only a few investigations deal with stygobitic species. We present the larval development of the cave-adapted Creaseria morleyi (Creaser, 1936) from anchialine caves in the Tulum area, Quintana Roo, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Through the discovery of a series of larvae at different stages of development, we constructed a sequence extending through the juvenile stage. The larvae (41) were captured in plankton tows above the halocline at depths ranging between 11 and 15 m during eight surveys conducted between 2013 and 2016. Six larval stages and the first juvenile were identified; however, it is clear from the gradual modification of structures and appendages that more stages exist. The first larvae have a large quantity of vitellum and do not feed, since they have only rudimentary, and possibly non-functional, mouthparts. In the sixth stage and the juvenile, when the stages have no vitellum left, the mouthparts, chelae, and pleopods develop entirely. A comparison with other palaemonid shrimps suggests that C. morleyi has a greater affinity with those palaemonid species possessing extended larval development as is seen in species of MacrobrachiumSpence Bate, 1868.

scholarly journals Metamorphosis in the summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus: changes in gill mitochondria-rich cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (18) ◽  
pp. 2475-2484
Author(s):  
A.M. Schreiber ◽  
J.L. Specker
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Summer Flounder ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Paralichthys Dentatus ◽  
Gill Mitochondria ◽  
Dark Staining ◽  
Dense Matrices ◽  
Light Staining

Salinity tolerance changes during larval development and metamorphosis in the summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) and other teleosts. The physiological mechanisms responsible for osmoregulation during these early stages of development are not well understood. This study characterized changes in ultrastructure, intracellular membranes and immunoreactive Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase of mitochondria-rich cells (MRCs) in the gills of summer flounder during metamorphosis. Gill ultrastructure at the start of metamorphosis revealed only one type of MRC, which had weak reactivity to osmium and lacked a well-defined apical pit. In juveniles, two types of MRCs were observed: light-staining MRCs (LMRCs) with weak reactivity to osmium, and dark-staining MRCs (DMRCs) with strong reactivity to osmium and positioned adjacent to LMRCs. Compared with MRCs at the start of metamorphosis, the mitochondria of juvenile MRCs appeared smaller, with more transverse cristae and electron-dense matrices. Changes in MRCs during metamorphosis were also accompanied by increased immunoreactive Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. These findings suggest that gill MRCs develop during the metamorphosis of summer flounder as the gill takes on an increasingly important osmoregulatory role.

scholarly journals Characterization of ladybird Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata transcriptomes across various life stages

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Lin Zhang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Xian-Yu Deng ◽  
Jun-Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stages ◽  
Henosepilachna Vigintioctopunctata

Use of Microwave Heating Technology for Disinfestation of Stored Green Gram (Vigna radiata) against Cowpea Bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kooner ◽  
D.K. Sharma ◽  
K.S. Suri
Keyword(s):  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Cowpea Weevil ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Cowpea Bruchid ◽  
Heating Technology

Background: Pulses are an integral component of food in India which acts as major source of protein required for growth and maintenance of body. But during their storage they suffer heavy losses resulting in depletion of their quality and edibility. The present studies focused on disinfestation of green gram grains using microwaves as an alternative approach to chemical methods for controlling insects in grains and pulses. Methods: In this laboratory studies during 2017-18, the grains of green gram were infested with different life stages of the cowpea weevil and exposed to 200, 400, 600 and 800 W microwave power levels, each at an exposure period of 10, 20, 30 and 40 s. Result: Eggs were the most susceptible, while pupal and adults were the least susceptible life stages to microwave treatments. Complete mortality of eggs was achieved with microwave treatments (400, 600 and 800 W), each at an exposure period of 30 and 40 s. Complete inhibition of larval stage was attained with 400 and 600 W (30 and 40 s) and 800 W (20, 30 and 40 s exposure) while for pupal stage it was observed at the higher wattages of 600 (40 s exposure) and 800 (30 and 40 s exposure). Microwave wattage of 600 W for 40 sand 800 W for 30 and 40 s exposure caused 100% mortality of 2d old adults of cowpea bruchid.

scholarly journals How Is Fitness of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Affected When Different Developmental Stages Are Exposed to Chlorfenapyr?

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Anna Skourti ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Nikos E. Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is an important pest of stored products. Insecticidal treatment is a common practice for the control of this notorious insect pest. Most studies are focused on the immediate and/or delayed mortality effects, while there are no data on the effects of insecticides on the population fitness. This study deals with the effect of chlorfenapyr on T. castaneum, investigating the cost of exposure of different developmental stages on population performance, by using life table statistics and a survival analysis method. For this purpose, eggs, larvae, and parental adult females of T. castaneum were exposed to chlorfenapyr and birth or death rates were calculated daily. The exposure of eggs and larvae to chlorfenapyr was detrimental for T. castaneum and they did not complete development. When parental females were exposed to chlorfenapyr, the progeny survival curve, biological features, as well as the life table parameters did not differ significantly compared to the control treatment. Thus, egg hatching, larval and pupal developmental periods, female and male longevities for the control treatment, and the progeny of the females that were exposed to chlorfenapyr were 4.66 and 4.76 days, 25.85 and 25.71 days, 5.00 and 5.26 days, 87.33 and 104.22 days, and 76.87 and 91.87 days, respectively. In addition, the mean values of the net reproductive rate, the intrinsic rate of increase, the mean generation time and the doubling time for the control treatment and the progeny of the parental females which were exposed to chlorfenapyr were 14.3 and 9.3 females/female, 0.038 and 0.028 females/female/day, 1.039 and 1.029, 70.0 and 76.9 days, and 18.5 and 24.9 days, respectively. We expect these results to have bearing on the management of T. castaneum, since the repeatedly insecticidal applications could be reduced in storage facilities.

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