scholarly journals FEATURES OF FORMATION AND PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN WITH PYELONEPHRITIS AND VESICOURETERAL REFLUX

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
O. Morozova

FEATURES OF FORMATION AND PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN WITH PYELONEPHRITIS AND VESICOURETERAL REFLUXMorozova O.O.Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is observed in 40% of children with pyelonephritis and is one of the leading causes of its recurrent course, which subsequently leads to chronic kidney disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the peculiarities of the formation and progression of chronic kidney disease in children with pyelonephritis and vesicoureteral reflux. The clinical material from 141 children aged from 6 months to 17 years with grade I-V VUR in the period of clinical and laboratory remission of pyelonephritis was analyzed. The study showed that the risk of developing scarring of renal parenchyma in children with high-grade VUR was 8 times higher than in children with grade I-II VUR. And the risk of developing scarring of the renal parenchyma in patients with grade V VUR is 3.8 times higher than in children with grade III-IV VUR. In recurrent pyelonephritis, the risk of scarring of the renal parenchyma is 1.8 times higher than in one episode of inflammation. In patients with a high grade of reflux, the risk of recurrent pyelonephritis is 2.6 times higher than in children with grade I-II VUR. In patients with pyelonephritis and high-grade VUR, with signs of systemic undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, the risk of developing scarring of the renal parenchyma is 33.9 times higher. Depending on the grade of VUR and the presence of signs of scarring of the renal parenchyma, the degree of CKD increases, which reflects the functional state and severity of pathological changes in the kidneys.Formation and progression of chronic kidney disease in children with pyelonephritis and VUR depends on the course of pyelonephritis, the grade of VUR and presence of signs of scarring in the renal parenchyma.Keywords.Vesico-ureteralreflux, renalscarring, pyelonephritis, children. Резюме. ОСОБЛИВОСТІФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ПРОГРЕСУВАННЯ ХРОНІЧНОЇХВОРОБИ НИРОК У ДІТЕЙ З ПІЄЛОНЕФРИТОМ ТА ВЕЗИКО-УРЕТЕРАЛЬНИМ РЕФЛЮКСОМ.Морозова О.О.Везико-уретеральний рефлюкс (ВУР) спостерігається в 40% дітей з пієлонефритом та є однією з провідних причин його рецидивуючого перебігу, що згодом призводить до хронічної хвороби нирок. Метою цього дослідження буловизначенняособливостей формування та прогресування хронічної хвороби нирок у дітей з пієлонефритом та везико-уретеральним рефлюксом. Проаналізовано клінічний матеріал 141 дитини у віці від 6 місяців до 17 років з I-Vступенями ВУР в періоді клініко-лабораторної ремісії пієлонефриту. Визначено, щоризик виникнення рубцювання ниркової паренхіми у дітей з високим ступенем ВУР у 8 разів вище ніж у дітей з ВУР I-IIступеню. А ризик формування рубцювання ниркової паренхіми у пацієнтів з Vступенем ВУР у 3,8 разів вищій ніж у дітей з III-IVступенем. При рецидивуючому перебігу пієлонефриту ризик рубцювання ниркової паренхіми в 1,8 разів вище ніж при одному епізоді запалення. В пацієнтів з високим ступенем рефлюксу ризик рецидивуючого перебігу пієлонефриту в 2,6 разів вище ніж у дітей з ВУР I-IIступенів. В хворих з пієлонефритом та ВУР високих ступенів, які мають ознаки системної недиференційованої дисплазії сполучної тканини ризик виникнення рубцювання ниркової паренхіми у 33,9 разів вище. В залежності від ступеню ВУР та наявності ознак рубцювання паренхіми нирок зростає ступінь хронічної хвороби нирок, що відзеркалює функціональний стан та виразність патологічних змін у нирках.Формування та прогресування хронічноїхворобинирок у дітей з пієлонефритом та ВУР залежить від перебігу пієлонефриту, ступеню ВУР та наявності ознак рубцювання ниркової паренхіми.Ключові слова:везико-уретеральний рефлюкс; діти, пієлонефрит, рубцювання ниркової паренхіми.  Резюме.ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ПРОГРЕССИРОВАНИЯ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ПОЧЕК У ДЕТЕЙ С ПИЕЛОНЕФРИТОМ И ВЕЗИКО-УРЕТЕРАЛЬНЫМ РЕФЛЮКСОМ.Морозова О.О.Везико-уретеральный рефлюкс (ВУР) наблюдается у 40% детей с пиелонефритом и является одной из ведущих причин его рецидивирующего течения, что впоследствии приводит к хронической болезни почек. Целью этого исследования было определение особенностей формирования и прогрессирования хронической болезни почек у детей с пиелонефритом и везико-уретеральным рефлюксом. Проанализирован клинический материал 141 ребенка в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 17 лет с I-V степенью ВУР в периоде клинико-лабораторной ремиссии пиелонефрита. Установлено, что риск возникновения рубцевания почечной паренхимы у детей с высокой степенью ВУР в 8 раз выше чем у пациентов с I-II степенью. А риск формирования рубцевания почечной паренхимы у пациентов с V степенью ВУР в 3,8 раз выше чем у детей с III-IV степенью. При рецидивирующем течении пиелонефрита риск рубцевания почечной паренхимы в 1,8 раз выше чем при первом эпизоде воспаления. У пациентов с высокой степенью рефлюкса риск рецидивирующего течения пиелонефрита в 2,6 раз выше чем у детей с I-II степеню ВУР. У больных с пиелонефритом и ВУР высоких степеней, которые имеют признаки системной недифференцированной дисплазии соединительной ткани риск возникновения рубцевания почечной паренхимы в 33,9 раз выше. В зависимости от степени ВУР и наличия признаков рубцевания паренхимы почек возрастает степень хроничексой болезни почек, что отражает функциональное состояние и степень выраженности патологических изменений в почках. Формирование и прогрессирование хронической болезни почек у детей с пиелонефритом и ВУР зависит от течения пиелонефрита, степени ВУР и наличия признаков рубцевания почечной паренхимы.Ключевые слова.Везико-уретеральный рефлюкс, рубцевание почечной паренхимы, пиелонефрит, дети.

KIDNEYS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
N.S. Lukyanenko ◽  
K.A. Kens ◽  
O.A. Dobrik

Purpose of the work: to substantiate the choice and eva­luate the effectiveness of the use of a metabolic therapeutic complex (vitamin E and L-carnitine) aimed at reducing tissue hypoxia and improving metabolic processes in the renal parenchyma du­ring the treatment of acute pyelonephritis against the background of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) as visceral manifestation of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) in young children. Materials and methods. Sixty-seven children aged 3 months to 3 years with pyelonephritis and VUR associated with UCTD were examined. The control group consisted of 65 young children with acute pyelonephritis, who after examination did not reveal VUR and signs of UCTD. The second control group included 40 somatically healthy children of the same age. In order to diagnose the presence of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, all children with remission of the inflammatory process underwent a hydroxyproline urine test. Markers of renal parenchymal hypoxia were determined ­using a test for anticrystallization function of urine and daily urinary salt excretion according to the method of Yu.Ye. Veltyshchev and Ye.O. Yurieva. The markers of the morphofunctional state of the renal epithelial cytomembranes were studied by means of a test for calcification — the presence of polar lipids in urine, and a test for the presence of lipid peroxidation products (LPР) in urine. For young children with pyelonephritis, VUR and UCTD in whose urine a high excretion of hydroxyproline was detected, in addition to protocol treatment in the period of remission of the inflammatory process, it was recommended to take for a month medications that have antihypoxant properties and are able to improve metabo­lic processes in the renal parenchyma — vitamin E and L-carnitine in age-related doses. Results. The high frequency of detection of phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia and significant urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (86.6 %) in children with pyelonephritis against the background of vesicoureteral reflux reliably indicate the presence of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia as a result of fibrillogenesis disorders. In young children with pyelonephritis against the background of vesicoureteral reflux, the presence of renal parenchymal hypoxia and nephrothelial membrane destruction was revealed, as indicated by a decrease in the anticrystallization function of urine, daily excretion of phosphates and a high excretion of lipid peroxidation products from urine and polar lipids. In children in whom the association of the pathological process with UCTD was detected, these changes were more significant. This is indicated by a more pronounce decrease, compared to children in whom no association with UCTD was found, in the anticrystallization function of urine, an increase in the oxalate excretion and a decrease in the daily urinary excretion of phosphates and urates, which was accompanied by a significant intensification of lipid peroxidation processes and the appearance of polar lipids in daily urine. After metabolic therapy with antihypoxant and membrane-protective action, the exa­mined children showed a significant positive dyna­mics of the studied markers of tissue hypoxia and membrane destruction of the renal parenchyma. Conclusions. A positive effect of a metabolic complex (vitamin E and L-carnitine) during remission of the inflammatory process in the kidneys was revealed, which was expressed in a decrease in the degree of tissue hypoxia and membrane destruction, which confirms the possibility of reducing tissue hypoxia in children with pyelonephritis and vesicoureteral reflux associated with undifferentiated dysplasia connective tissue using vitamin E and L-carnitine in age-related doses for a month and allows you to recommend metabolite therapy to these children.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 592.e1-592.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romaine de Sépibus ◽  
François Cachat ◽  
Blaise J. Meyrat ◽  
Gezim Dushi ◽  
Ariane Boubaker ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4(2)) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
T. A. Kolosovskaya ◽  
S. A. Khardikova ◽  
Ye. V. Kalyuzhina ◽  
L. G. Surkova ◽  
K. A. Zamyshevskaya ◽  
...  

The aim of the investigation was to study of features of сhronic kidney disease in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis (CO), psoriasis (Ps) and their combination. Examination was performed on 360 patients with CO, 100 patients with Ps, 50 patients with Ps combinated CO and 30 healthy subjects. In addition to complete clinical and instrumental examination accepted in specialised clinic, biopsy of kidney was conducted. The interrelation of intensity of sclerous processes in kidneys and renoprival syndrome with duration of CO and activity of Ps was found. Dehelmintization with biltricid promoted improvement of functional state of kidneys.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chujin Cao ◽  
Ying Yao ◽  
Rui Zeng

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a major global public health concern due to its high morbidity and mortality. The progression from AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) makes it a scientific problem to be solved. However, it is with lack of effective treatments.Summary: Both innate and adaptive immune systems participate in the inflammatory process during AKI, and excessive or dysregulated immune responses play a pathogenic role in renal fibrosis, which is an important hallmark of CKD. Studies on the pathogenesis of AKI and CKD have clarified that renal injury induces the production of various chemokines by renal parenchyma cells or resident immune cells, which recruits multiple-subtype lymphocytes in circulation. Some infiltrated lymphocytes exacerbate injury by proinflammatory cytokine production, cytotoxicity, and interaction with renal resident cells, which constructs the inflammatory environment and induces further injury, even death of renal parenchyma cells. Others promote tissue repair by producing protective cytokines. In this review, we outline the diversity of these lymphocytes and their mechanisms to regulate the whole pathogenic stages of AKI and CKD; discuss the chronological responses and the plasticity of lymphocytes related to AKI and CKD progression; and introduce the potential therapies targeting lymphocytes of AKI and CKD, including the interventions of chemokines, cytokines, and lymphocyte frequency regulation in vivo, adaptive transfer of ex-expanded lymphocytes, and the treatments of gut microbiota or metabolite regulations based on gut-kidney axis.Key Message: In the process of AKI and CKD, T helper (Th) cells, innate, and innate-like lymphocytes exert mainly pathogenic roles, while double-negative T (DNT) cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) are confirmed to be protective. Understanding the mechanisms by which lymphocytes mediate renal injury and renal fibrosis is necessary to promote the development of specific therapeutic strategies to protect from AKI and prevent the progression of CKD.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
A. V. Sabirova ◽  
D. K. Volosnikov ◽  
O. V. Matyash

During Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) development and progression emphasis is placed on structural-functional state of red blood cells. The aim of this paper is to examine red blood values and red blood cells morphological type in peripheral blood among children with CKD. 75 children with CKD aged 5-16 years were examined. The control group consisted of 25 healthy children of the same age range. Analysis of the morphometric parameters of red peripheral blood cells - mean volume (MCV) and erythrocyte diameter, mean content (MCH) and mean hemoglobin concentration in the erythrocyte (MCHC), were performed using a Gobas Micros (Roche) hematology counter. Smears were marked according to Romanovsky-Giemsa. Morphometric studies of red blood cells were carried out using the Morphology 5.2 program and red blood cell confocal microscopy on a LSM-710 Confocal Microscope, manufactured by Carl Zeiss. The tendency to poikilocytosis in CKD was confirmed. We identified that among children with CKD the distribution of red blood cells in diameter is disturbed, the content of microcytes increases, poikilocytosis is observed with an increase in the content of irreversibly transformed elements. The revealed features may serve as an additional criterion for the diagnosis of chronic kidney insufficiency at the early stage.


2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (1050) ◽  
pp. 20140714 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Menzilcioglu ◽  
M Duymus ◽  
S Citil ◽  
S Avcu ◽  
G Gungor ◽  
...  

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