scholarly journals An archaeobotanical investigation on the beginning of rice agriculture in Gimpo, Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol null (35) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
김민구 ◽  
김우락 ◽  
김영준
Keyword(s):  
Rice Agriculture

Northeast India as an Indigenous Centre for the Domestication of Plants and Animals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjil Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Animal Domestication ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diverse Cultures

Northeast India is situated at the nexus of the South Asian, Southeast Asian, and East Asian biogeographical realms and harbours diverse biota, providing a unique opportunity to archaeologists and anthropologists for the study of the relationship between humans and their environment over the ages. Moreover, this region, the abode of diverse ethnic groups with diverse cultures and customs, hints at a long history of continuous and close association between humans and nature, which is important in the understanding of plant and animal domestication. Genetic analysis of present-day domesticates with their wild counterparts provides valuable insights into their differentiation, time of domestication, and changes in their morphological traits through control by humans. The chapter also elucidates the role played by rice in Northeast Indian culture and highlights the long-term history of rice agriculture in the region.

The Effects of Rice Agriculture on Prehistoric Korea

1982 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Shang Dynasty ◽  
Rice Agriculture

Rice was first introduced from China 1122 B.C., but millet had already been grown there for many centuries.” When Hulbert (1906:15) wrote these words in the early years of this century, he presumably followed some written or oral tradition regarding Kija's (Chi-tzu), the legendary agnate of the last Shang king, bringing rice to Korea. It is interesting that there was a tradition that millet cultivation preceded rice, which came from northern China at approximately 1100 B.C. Seventy-five years after Hulbert recorded the tradition in English, archaeological research has demonstrated that millet did precede rice in Korea, and that the timing of the introduction of rice at the end of the Shang dynasty is probably too late rather than too early.

scholarly journals Accounting for multisectoral dynamics in supporting equitable adaptation planning: A case study on the rice agriculture in the Vietnam Mekong Delta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bramka Arga Jafino ◽  
Jan Kwakkel ◽  
Frans Klijn ◽  
Nguyen Viet Dung ◽  
Hedwig van Delden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Rice Agriculture

scholarly journals Identification of Bacterial Blight Resistance Loci in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) against Diverse Xoo Thai Strains by Genome-Wide Association Study

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Siriporn Korinsak ◽  
Clive T. Darwell ◽  
Samart Wanchana ◽  
Lawan Praphaisal ◽  
Siripar Korinsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Serious Disease

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a serious disease affecting global rice agriculture caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Most resistant rice lines are dependent on single genes that are vulnerable to resistance breakdown caused by pathogen mutation. Here we describe a genome-wide association study of 222 predominantly Thai rice accessions assayed by phenotypic screening against 20 Xoo isolates. Loci corresponding to BLB resistance were detected using >142,000 SNPs. We identified 147 genes according to employed significance thresholds across chromosomes 1–6, 8, 9 and 11. Moreover, 127 of identified genes are located on chromosomal regions outside estimated Linkage Disequilibrium influences of known resistance genes, potentially indicating novel BLB resistance markers. However, significantly associated SNPs only occurred across a maximum of six Xoo isolates indicating that the development of broad-spectrum Xoo strain varieties may prove challenging. Analyses indicated a range of gene functions likely underpinning BLB resistance. In accordance with previous studies of accession panels focusing on indica varieties, our germplasm displays large numbers of SNPs associated with resistance. Despite encouraging data suggesting that many loci contribute to resistance, our findings corroborate previous inferences that multi-strain resistant varieties may not be easily realised in breeding programs without resorting to multi-locus strategies.

Managing Abiotic Stresses With Rice Agriculture to Achieve Sustainable Food Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiban Krishna Biswas ◽  
Md. Shahjahan Kabir ◽  
Md. Sazzadur Rahman ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Sustainable Food

scholarly journals MALACAK, MANATAK, MAIMBUL: KEARIFAN LOKAL PETANI DAYAK BAKUMPAI DALAM PENGELOLAAN PADI DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu ◽  
Nasrullah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Marsh Area

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mngeksplorasi kearifan lokal petani Dayak dalam pengelolaan padi di lahan rawa pasang surut. Penulis ingin membuktikan persepsi bahwa Indonesia yang kaya pertaniannya dapat memberikan kemakmuran bagi para petani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa iklim yang tidak menentu dan bencana alam merupakan tantangan bagi para petani yang perlu banyak mendapat perhatian. Untuk itu, dalam budaya kearifan lokal, para petani Bakumpai Dayak memiliki cara tertentu mengelola pertanian dan teknologi produksi terutama termanifestasikan dalam konsep lokal malacak, manatak dan maimbul. Kearifan lokal juga manifest dalam  cara mencangkul, bantangan dan siklus pertanian.The objective of this study is to discuss the local wisdoms of Dayak rice farmers in managing rice fields in todal marsh area. This study is to prove the assumption that Indonesian rice agriculture can provide welfare for its farmers. Research methods used in this study is qualitative approach, data collection was done by observation, interviews, and documentation. Research found that the erratic climate or natural disaster are the challenges for farmers. In Kalimatan, however, to maintain agricultural and production technology Dayak farmers have developped local wismon in managing agriculture most apparently manifested in three forms: malacak, manatak, dan maimbul. Local knowledge  is also apparent in hoeing methods, bantangan management, and agricultural cycles.

scholarly journals Net global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity in rice agriculture driven by high yields and nitrogen use efficiency: a 5 year field study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 18883-18911 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
Z. Zhou ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Intensity ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Net Global Warming Potential

Abstract. Our understanding of how net global warming potential (NGWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) is affected by management practices aimed at food security with respect to rice agriculture remains limited. In the present study, a 5 year field experiment was conducted in China to evaluate the effects of integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM) on NGWP and GHGI after accounting for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from all sources (methane, CH4, and nitrous oxide, N2O, emissions, agrochemical inputs, Ei, and farm operations, Eo) and sinks (i.e., soil organic carbon, SOC, sequestration). For the improvement of rice yield and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), four ISSM scenarios consisting of different nitrogen (N) fertilization rates relative to the local farmers' practice (FP) rate were carried out, namely, N1 (25 % reduction), N2 (10 % reduction), N3 (FP rate) and N4 (25 % increase). The results showed that compared with the FP, the four ISSM scenarios, i.e., N1, N2, N3 and N4, significantly increased the rice yields by 10, 16, 28 and 41 % and the agronomic NUE by 75, 67, 86 and 82 %, respectively. In addition, compared with the FP, the N1 and N2 scenarios significantly reduced the GHGI by 14 and 18 %, respectively, despite similar NGWPs. The N3 and N4 scenarios remarkably increased the NGWP and GHGI by an average of 67 and 36 %, respectively. In conclusion, the ISSM strategies are promising for both food security and environmental protection, and the ISSM scenario of N2 is the optimal strategy to realize high yields and high NUE together with low environmental impacts for this agricultural rice field.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic impacts on Late Holocene land-cover change and floristic biodiversity loss in tropical southeastern Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2022210118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Zheng ◽  
Ting Ma ◽  
Patrick Roberts ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Yuanfu Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Key Species ◽  
The Face

Southern China and Southeast Asia witnessed some of their most significant economic and social changes relevant to human land use during the Late Holocene, including the intensification and spread of rice agriculture. Despite rice growth being associated with a number of earth systems impacts, how these changes transformed tropical vegetation in this region of immense endemic biodiversity remains poorly understood. Here, we compile a pollen dataset incorporating ∼150,000 identifications and 233 pollen taxa to examine past changes in floral biodiversity, together with a compilation of records of forest decline across the region using 14 pollen records spanning lowland to mountain sites. Our results demonstrate that the rise of intensive rice agriculture from approximately 2,000 y ago led not only to extensive deforestation but also to remarkable changes of vegetation composition and a reduction in arboreal diversity. Focusing specifically on the Tertiary relic tree species, the freshwater wetland conifer Glyptostrobus (Glyptostrobus pensilis), we demonstrate how key species that had survived changing environmental conditions across millions of years shrank in the face of paddy rice farming and human disturbance.

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