scholarly journals Enseñanza del diseño mecánico mediante un proyecto CAD documentado

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Zamarripa-Muñoz ◽  
Pedro Agustín Ojeda-Escoto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Design And Manufacturing

In mechanical project development, there are two kind of knowledge, theoretical, taught according on syllabus at universities, and in the other hand, practical, usually learned in the working environment. For graduated recently engineers, it means a disadvantage once they are trying to get a job. Seeking to achieve better results on student performance from a real design plane, learning strategy is presented to enhance both knowledges applying them to an educational project completed, learning topics that normally is not covered on syllabus and generating all information required about design and manufacturing project. This paper shows a case of study about a telescopic crane design, analyzing all information generated from conceptual to detail engineering. Finally, preliminary results about all information generated through the different project stages is presented, helping in this way the decision-making process of the students and the information management when developing project from the beginning to the end.

Minimizing Bias in Forensic Handwriting Examinations

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Alewijnse ◽  
E.J.A.T. Mattijssen ◽  
R.D. Stoel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Management Procedures

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the increasing awareness about the potential bias on the interpretation and conclusions of forensic handwriting examiners (FHEs) by contextual information. We briefly provide the reader with an overview of relevant types of bias, the difficulties associated with studying bias, the sources of bias and their potential influence on the decision making process in casework, and solutions to minimize bias in casework. We propose that the limitations of published studies on bias need to be recognized and that their conclusions must be interpreted with care. Instead of discussing whether bias is an issue in casework, the forensic handwriting community should actually focus on how bias can be minimized in practice. As some authors have already shown (e.g., Found & Ganas, 2014), it is relatively easy to implement context information management procedures in practice. By introducing appropriate procedures to minimize bias, not only forensic handwriting examination will be improved, it will also increase the acceptability of the provided evidence during court hearings. Purchase Article - $10

scholarly journals UK consultants’ experiences of the decision-making process around referral to intensive care: an interview study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044752
Author(s):  
Kaja Heidenreich ◽  
Anne-Marie Slowther ◽  
Frances Griffiths ◽  
Anders Bremer ◽  
Mia Svantesson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Moral Duties

ObjectiveThe decision whether to initiate intensive care for the critically ill patient involves ethical questions regarding what is good and right for the patient. It is not clear how referring doctors negotiate these issues in practice. The aim of this study was to describe and understand consultants’ experiences of the decision-making process around referral to intensive care.DesignQualitative interviews were analysed according to a phenomenological hermeneutical method.Setting and participantsConsultant doctors (n=27) from departments regularly referring patients to intensive care in six UK hospitals.ResultsIn the precarious and uncertain situation of critical illness, trust in the decision-making process is needed and can be enhanced through the way in which the process unfolds. When there are no obvious right or wrong answers as to what ought to be done, how the decision is made and how the process unfolds is morally important. Through acknowledging the burdensome doubts in the process, contributing to an emerging, joint understanding of the patient’s situation, and responding to mutual moral duties of the doctors involved, trust in the decision-making process can be enhanced and a shared moral responsibility between the stake holding doctors can be assumed.ConclusionThe findings highlight the importance of trust in the decision-making process and how the relationships between the stakeholding doctors are crucial to support their moral responsibility for the patient. Poor interpersonal relationships can damage trust and negatively impact decisions made on behalf of a critically ill patient. For this reason, active attempts must be made to foster good relationships between doctors. This is not only important to create a positive working environment, but a mechanism to improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Gender-wise contribution in carbon management by high himalayan ethnic group of Gatlang VDC, Rasuwa, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashila Deshar ◽  
Madan Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Carbon Management ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Participation In Decision Making ◽  
Major Decision

In mountainous country Nepal having large populations of culturally unique indigenous peoples poses threats of glaciers retreat and resource bases change. The indigenous people living in mountain plays the major role in carbon management. Further, the role and responsibilities of men and women varies differently in natural resource conservation and management. However, their participation in decision-making and benefit sharing is poor. The majority of women have unequal access to productive resources and decision-making process. Therefore, study on gender based agro-pastoral activities, their contribution on carbon management and decision-making process were carried out in Tamang ethnic group of Gatlang VDC of Rasuwa district, Nepal. For the purpose, 30 households were selected purposively. Similarly, four focus group discussions were carried out among the separate group of women, men and group consisting both men and women. Carbon management types: input carbon and output carbon activities were studied on men and women. In total, 23 different agro-pastorals related activities were found, among them 57% of work were supported by women, 39% by both men and women, and 4% by men only. With respect to fuel-wood, in average, 10 kg per day fuelwood is necessary for one household. The use of biomass for cooking emits chocking smoke and causes indoor air pollution. All these disadvantages lead to carbon emission which might lead to health deterioration of women by increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disorders. The average fuel-wood requirement was found to be 840 kg/capita/year which are found to be higher than the other physiographic regions of Nepal. This is due to use of fuel-wood as only source of energy in the study area. Out of total respondent, it was observed that 30% literate men allow their wife to make joint decision on the major household issues. Similarly, 3% literate women respondents took the major decision by their own or jointly with their husbands. On the other hand, 30% illiterate men and 37% illiterate women either didn’t allow their wife or don’t participate in major decision-making process. Further, it is revealed from the chi square test that literacy plays major role in decision making (x2 = 5.625, df =1, p=0.017). Similarly, educated women actively join together with their husband in decision making. Moreover, women have high contribution in carbon input and output activities. Therefore, the women education should be promoted to make their equal and strong participation in decision making, which ultimately contribute in carbon input and output activities, through their greater roles in livestock husbandry and fuel-wood management relative to men. Further, importance of women’s role in carbon management should be given greater prominence.

Situation Awareness and the Decision-Making Process in a Dynamic Situation: Avoiding Collisions at Sea

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Chauvin ◽  
J. P. Clostermann ◽  
Jean-Michel Hoc
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Training Facility ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the authors aim to determine the impact of situation awareness (SA) in the decision-making process of “young” watch officers of a Merchant Marine training facility. The trainees were shown an ambiguous interaction situation in which they could choose among several actions. The results show that Level 1 SA (perception of the elements in the environment) tends to be of secondary importance in decision making. The major variables of the decision-making process are the interpretation of the rules and anticipation of the other vessel's intentions. Moreover, four different trainee “profiles” emerged. The main difference between them lies in the distance at which they decided to change course, the direction of this maneuver (port or starboard), the way in which they interpreted the other vessel's intentions (is it going to change course?), and whether the trainees referred to the rules. Of the trainees, 55% performed a maneuver that was against regulations, and 34% did so in an unsafe manner. This result provides an incentive to rethink the training course to put more stress on recognizing prototypical situations and choosing which actions to take in situations such as the one presented here.

scholarly journals Investigating the role of public participation in wind energy project development in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Asadolahniajami
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Knowledge Broker ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Project Development ◽  
The Public

the past several decades, the scope of decision-making in the public domain has changed from a focus on unilateral regulatory verdicts to a more comprehensive process that engages all stakeholders. Consequently, there has been a distinct increase in public participation in the environmental decision-making process. While the potential benefits of public engagement are substantial in terms of identifying synergies between public and industry stakeholders that encourage project development, this participation does not come without its challenges. To meet global energy demands and fulfill ambitious targets for greenhouse gas reduction, renewable energy has received increased attention as a feasible alternative to conventional sources of energy. However, current literature on renewable energy, particularly on wind power, highlights potential social barriers to renewable energy investment. This study investigates the role of public participation by reviewing two case studies of the Ontario wind power generation market to identify the facilitators and constrainers that affected public input into wind project development in Ontario and recommends a participatory framework in the hope of improving public engagement in the wind project development decision-making process. The recommended framework in this research requires all stakeholders to reconsider their current roles in the decision-making process. The public should engage in project planning and monitor the decision-making processes to ensure that their concerns have been addressed. Developers should address public concerns through a consensus building process initiated early in their planning process. Federal and provincial governments have to reclaim their role of ongoing leadership and provide better criteria for implementation and evaluation of the public participation processes. Finally, the process requires a third party who is not only an intermediary, but also plays the role of a knowledge-broker to connect with stakeholders, share and exchange knowledge, and work on overcoming barriers. The knowledge-broker helps to fulfill the main requirement of the collaborative decision-making, which is effective communication.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Return Saham (Studi Pada Emiten Saham Syariah Sektor Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia Tahun 2011-2012)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Rizkary Roslianti ◽  
Leo Herlambang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Stock Return ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Equity Ratio

Islamic stocks is one of the most preffered investment type by Muslim investors. In the decision making process, the investors have to considered the financial reports and stock analysis. This study aims to investigate the effect of fundamental factors that represented by Return on Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio and Total Assets Turnover toward stock return.This study used a quantitative approach using secondary data, they are financial statements and stock return companies listed on Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia years 2011-2012. This study used a significance level of 5%.Based on the regression analysis results, it indicates that Return on Assets variable has a very significant effect on the stock return. On the other hand, Debt to Equity Ratio variable and Total Assets Turnover variable do not have significant effect to the stock return. Simultaneously, Return on Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio and Total Assets Turnover have significant effect to stock return.

scholarly journals Effects of reward history on decision-making and movement vigor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruthi Sukumar ◽  
Reza Shadmehr ◽  
Alaa A Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Consistent Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Series Of Experiments

During foraging, animals decide how long to stay and harvest reward, and then abandon that site and travel with a certain speed to the next reward opportunity. One aspect of this behavior involves decision-making, while the other involves motor-control. A recent theory posits that control of decision-making and movements may be linked via a desire to maximize a single normative utility: the sum of all rewards acquired, minus all efforts expended, divided by time. If this is the case, then the history of rewards, and not just its immediate availability, should dictate how long one decides to stay and harvest reward, and how slowly one travels to the next opportunity. We tested this theory in a series of experiments in which humans used their hand to harvest tokens at a reward patch, and then used their arm to reach toward a subsequent opportunity. Following a history of poor rewards, people not only foraged for a longer period, but also moved slower to the next reward site. Thus, reward history had a consistent effect on both the decision-making process regarding when to abandon a reward site, and the motor control process regarding how fast to move to the next opportunity.

A Method for Estimating Prognosis Based on Physician’s Decision-Making Process

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. P. Peev ◽  
S. Kaihara
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Empirical Risk ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Measure Error

Different diagnostic rules for computer-aided diagnosis are based on different mathematically precise statistical models. In practice, however, the medical data cannot meet the requirements set for the models and, in some cases, the model precision loses its advantages. On the other hand, physicians make their decisions without mathematical precision according to some statistics based on their own experiences.In this study, the physician’s process of estimating prognosis of diseases was analyzed and a method for estimating prognosis based on the physician’s decision-making process was proposed. Problems such as collection of informative symptoms, their estimation and weighting, and physician’s decision were considered. The decisionmaking function obtained from the analysis was applied for estimating the prognosis of cerebrovascular diseases. The choice of informative symptoms was based on Kullback’s information measure. Error estimation was made by using the minimum empirical risk method. The proposed method seemed to provide a smaller error rate, as compared to discriminant analysis under identical conditions (same sample, same informative symptoms).

Training trainers in risk assessment

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (S32) ◽  
pp. 35-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Harris
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Apprenticeship Model ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Early Training

Risk assessment has always been an essential part of all medical practice, and doctors have always been trained to make rapid assessment of risk. Much of the early training of doctors in both medicine and surgery centres on risk assessment. However, the method of acquiring that knowledge is predominantly through the apprenticeship model with observation by the trainee of the trainer's decision-making process. Those decisions, however, are often skewed and biased by a whole variety of influences, rather than always being based on scientific evidence. Clearly the increasing influence of evidence-based medicine will help this. At one extreme, however, there are heroic surgeons taking unnecessary risk or taking on cases which might more appropriately have been left without treatment, and at the other extreme, consultants who may feel demoralised or depressed might well become nihilistic about medicine and therefore might not attempt to treat cases that are treatable.

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