scholarly journals Energy efficiency using Distributed Generation; Cafeteria of Engineer Faculty Campeche, Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jorge J. Chan-Gonzalez ◽  
Isaac A. Saravia-Pérez ◽  
Francisco Lezama-Zárraga ◽  
Meng Yen Shih
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Azimuthal Angle ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Free Software ◽  
National Renewable Energy Laboratory ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Pv Generation ◽  
Engineer Faculty

In the present work, an integral design of the cafeteria located at Faculty of Engineering of Autonomous University of Campeche is carried out. Four scenarios of Photo Voltaic (PV) generation have been studied. A 14 PV modules arrangement of 440 each, with azimuthal angle of 180º and a slope angle of 15º; the other is similar to the previous, but the slope angle was 19.85º. The following was a 24 PV modules arrangement of 440, with an azimuthal angle of 218º and a slope angle of 15º. The last arrangement consists of 24 PV modules arrangement of 440, with azimuthal angle of 218º and a slope angle of 19.85º. Where all of them are associated with the economic aspect to obtain greater efficiency of the plant with minimum recovery time. The free software System Advisor Model (SAM) developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has been employed. Complete seasonal analysis has also been performed considering Gran Demanda Media Ordinaria en México (GDMO de CFE in Mexico) within the period January 2020 to March 2021. The best results are energy generation 17,570 kWh. Capacity factor 19%. Energy performance 1,671 kWh/kW. Performance relation 0.74. Leveled cost 5.39 ¢/kWh. And return on investment in 0.6 years. The GD-PV plant prevents the emission into the atmosphere of 778.85 kg of CO2 equivalent.

scholarly journals A Study of Optimal Specifications for Light Shelves with Photovoltaic Modules to Improve Indoor Comfort and Save Building Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2574
Author(s):  
Heangwoo Lee ◽  
Xiaolong Zhao ◽  
Janghoo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Recent studies on light shelves found that building energy efficiency could be maximized by applying photovoltaic (PV) modules to light shelf reflectors. Although PV modules generate a substantial amount of heat and change the consumption of indoor heating and cooling energy, performance evaluations carried out thus far have not considered these factors. This study validated the effectiveness of PV module light shelves and determined optimal specifications while considering heating and cooling energy savings. A full-scale testbed was built to evaluate performance according to light shelf variables. The uniformity ratio was found to improve according to the light shelf angle value and decreased as the PV module installation area increased. It was determined that PV modules should be considered in the design of light shelves as their daylighting and concentration efficiency change according to their angles. PV modules installed on light shelves were also found to change the indoor cooling and heating environment; the degree of such change increased as the area of the PV module increased. Lastly, light shelf specifications for reducing building energy, including heating and cooling energy, were not found to apply to PV modules since PV modules on light shelf reflectors increase building energy consumption.

scholarly journals Optimal distributed generation in green building assessment towards line loss reduction for Malaysian public hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Effendi Amran ◽  
Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin ◽  
Nurul Aini Bani ◽  
Hazilah Mad Kaidi ◽  
Mohamad Zaki Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Loss Reduction ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Line Loss ◽  
Current Setting

This paper presents an optimization approach for criteria setting of Renewable Distributed Generation (DG) in the Green Building Rating System (GBRS). In this study, the total line loss reduction is analyzed and set as the main objective function in the optimization process which then a reassessment of existing criteria setting for renewable energy (RE) is proposed towards lower loss outcome. Solar photovoltaic (PV)-type DG unit (PV-DG) is identified as the type of DG used in this paper. The proposed PV-DG optimization will improve the sustainable energy performance of the green building by total line losses reduction within accepted lower losses region using Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The distribution network uses bus and line data setup from selected one of each three levels of Malaysian public hospital. MATLAB simulation result shows that the PV-DG expanding capacity towards optimal scale and location provides a better outcome in minimizing total line losses within an appropriate voltage profile as compared to the current setting of PV-DG imposed in selected GBRS. Thus, reassessment of RE parameter setting and the proposed five rankings with new PV-DG setting for public hospital provides technical justification and give the best option to the green building developer for more effective RE integration.

scholarly journals Single-Diode Models of PV Modules: A Comparison of Conventional Approaches and Proposal of a Novel Model

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuyen Nguyen-Duc ◽  
Huy Nguyen-Duc ◽  
Thinh Le-Viet ◽  
Hirotaka Takano
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
New Method ◽  
National Renewable Energy Laboratory ◽  
Matlab Code ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Consistent Performance ◽  
Novel Model

In this paper, the seven traditional models of photovoltaic (PV) modules are reviewed comprehensively to find out the appropriate model for reliability. All the models are validated using the Matlab code and graphical comparisons between models are made. The accuracy and convergence of each model is evaluated using the data of manufactured PV panels. Then, a novel model is proposed showing its consistent performance. The three most key parameters of the single-diode model are self-revised to adapt to various types of PV modules. This new method is verified in three types of PV panels’ data measured by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), USA. The validated data show promising results when the error RMSEs’ range of the proposed model is under 0.36.

Exploring Synergy Among New Generation Technologies—Small Modular Reactor, Energy Storage, and Distributed Generation: A Strong Case for Remote Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Joshi ◽  
B. Poudel ◽  
R. Gokaraju
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Pv Generation

Abstract With a steady rise in power demand in the remote communities in Canada, utilities are looking for new options to provide a reliable supply of electricity. While distributed generation is a promising option, scaling and firming up the capacity of distributed generators is essential. Alternatively, small modular reactors (SMRs) can be used as a prime local source of electricity for remote feeders provided they are flexible enough to respond to the fluctuations in demand. Electrical energy storage (EES) can be used as a buffer to absorb fluctuations in demand and generation, and as a critical back-up for the SMR on-site power supply system by replacing the diesel-generator sets. The synergy of SMR-EES-distributed generation can be an all-inclusive alternative with win-win situation for both the utility and remote communities. This paper discusses the technical feasibility of the proposed synergy using an example of an existing remote feeder in Saskatchewan, Canada. The integral pressurized water reactor is considered along with the photovoltaic (PV) generation in an existing remote feeder in Northwest Saskatchewan to estimate the plant load factor (LF) of the SMR with and without the PV generation and EES. The results quantify the benefit of having EES to support the SMR in hosting more PV generation in remote communities. EES when used in support of the SMR to host 60% PV penetration, the plant load factor improves by as much as 5%.

Capacity Optimization of Energy Storage Unit in Distributed Generation System

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 1116-1119
Author(s):  
Cai Yun Guo ◽  
Hong Bin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Energy Storage Unit ◽  
Optimal Capacity ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Pv Generation ◽  
System Power

The photovoltaic(PV) generation model and the wind power generation model are introduced in this paper. Taking the best economy and reliability of system operation as the objective functions and the system power balance and battery storage performance indices as the constraints, the optimal capacity of battery energy storage can be determined with the Tabu search algorithm. With the example system, the simulation results show that the proposed models and the algorithm are correct.

Sustainability in university campus: options for achieving nearly zero energy goals

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 790-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Fonseca ◽  
Pedro Moura ◽  
Humberto Jorge ◽  
Aníbal de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pv Generation

Purpose The purpose of this study was to design a renovation plan for a university campus building (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering) with the aim to achieve nearly zero energy performance, ensuring a low specific demand (lower than 44 kWh/m2) and a high level of on-site renewable generation (equivalent to more than 20 per cent of the energy demand). Design/methodology/approach The baseline demand was characterized based on energy audits, on smart metering data and on the existing building management system data, showing a recent reduction of the electricity demand owing to some implemented measures. The renovation plan was then designed with two main measures, the total replacement of the actual lighting by LEDs and the installation of a photovoltaic system (PV) with 78.8 kWp coupled with an energy storage system with 100 kWh of lithium-ion batteries. Findings The designed renovation achieved energy savings of 20 per cent, with 27.5 per cent of the consumed energy supplied by the PV system. This will ensure a reduction of the specific energy of the building to only 30 kWh/m2, with 42.4 per cent savings on the net-energy demand. Practical implications The designed renovation proves that it is possible to achieve nearly zero energy goals with cost-effective solutions, presenting the lighting renovation and the solar PV generation system a payback of 2.3 and 6.9 years, respectively. Originality/value This study innovated by defining ambitious goals to achieve nearly zero energy levels and presenting a design based on a comprehensive lighting retrofit and PV generation, whereas other studies are mostly based on envelope refurbishment and behaviour changes.

scholarly journals Computer application for studies of potentials of renewable energy sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Juan Alejandro Martínez Linares ◽  
Antonio Vázquez Pérez ◽  
Miguel Castro Fernández ◽  
Miriam Vilaragut Llanes ◽  
Maria Rodríguez Gámez
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Energy Sources

Computer science's technologies have come to revolutionize the current era, the distributed generation and the introduction of new alternatives in the conception of the energy production, it is a factor that seen from the energy planning it allows to introduce the renewable energy sources as an element in the development of energetically sustainable territories.  The space distribution of the natural resources that they generate, it has made necessary to develop advanced systems for the studies at the space level. For the necessities of printing an analysis space and territorial of the renewable energy sources studies, a geographical information system of renewable energy sources was designed using free software that offers information of the renewable potentials in the territory. This system is a tool that allows an appropriate way to offers information of the place (longitude and latitude) and the potentials (solar, hydric, wind, and biomass) that are generated in them.

Energy Savings Insurance: Advances and Opportunities for Funding Small- and Medium-Sized Energy Efficiency and Distributed Generation Projects in Chile

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Chaparro ◽  
Maria Netto ◽  
Patricio Mansilla ◽  
Daniel Magallon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The Energy Savings Insurance Program seeks to promote investment in energy efficiency and distributed generation in Latin America, primarily through small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It focuses on developing an innovative scheme of guaranteed energy performance that mitigates project risk and generates investor confidence (ESI Model). The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) facilitates the development of the ESI Program in alliance with the National Development Banks (NDBs). The ESI Model includes a contract for the supply, installation, and maintenance of equipment for generating a stipulated amount of energy or energy savings over a specific time period; validation by an independent body; insurance coverage that backs the savings or the guaranteed energy generation; and project financing. This paper describes the main attributes of the ESI Model (the contract, the insurance, validation and financing), evaluates market potential and the most attractive technologies, and identifies the priority sectors for implementing projects in Chile. The most promising economic sectors were found to be the hospitality industry, food processing industry, grape growing/wine production, and the fishing industry, and the technologies of electric motors, boilers, air conditioning systems and photovoltaic solar generation. In each of these sectors, estimates were made of financing requirements as well as CO2 emission reductions that could be achieved.

Performance Modeling of an Air-Based Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Collector

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross D. Casey ◽  
Michael J. Brandemuehl ◽  
Tim Merrigan ◽  
Jay Burch
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Gain ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
T System

This paper studies a collector design that utilizes unglazed photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors preheating air for glazed air heating modules. The performance modeling of these collectors is examined both individually and in series. For each collector type, a dynamic, finite difference, first-law model has been created using literature correlations for friction. The models were compared to performance data, calibrating the models by scaling of friction terms for best fit. The calibrated models generally agree well with the experimental data; even during sudden changes to ambient conditions. The root mean square error between the unglazed PV/T model and experiment results for the useful thermal energy gain and the outlet air temperature are 7.12 W/m2 and 1.07°C, respectively. The annual source energy performance of the building-integrated PV/T (BIPV/T) array is then simulated for residential applications in seven climate zones of the United States of America. The performance of the BIPV/T array is characterized by the amount of net electrical energy and useful thermal energy produced. The useful thermal energy is defined as the amount of energy offset by the BIPV/T system for water heating and space conditioning. A BIPV/T system composed 87.5% of PV modules, and 12.5% of glazed air heating modules, offsets the same amount of source energy as a roof-mounted PV system of the same area. This array composition increases the thermal energy gain by 47% over a BIPV/T array composed solely of PV modules.

MPPT Control Method Using Boost Type DC-DC Converter for PV Generation System with Mismatched Modules

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yang Huang ◽  
Kazutaka Itako ◽  
Takeaki Mori ◽  
Qiang Ge
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Conditioner ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Pv Generation

Nowadays in a household PV generation system, it is generally connecting PV modules in series and then output to the power-conditioner. However, when PV modules are mismatched, it will lead to a wrong maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to all modules and a power decreasing of the whole system. Aiming at this problem, this paper presents the idea which improves the MPPT without changing the conventional power-conditioner, by adding a boost type DC-DC converter behind each module. Simulations of PSIM and experiments are taken to prove this theory. The result shows that, by this idea, the generated power of the conventional PV generation system can be greatly increased under the condition of mismatch.

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