Efecto de la somatotropina bovina recombinante (bST) al momento del destete sobre la productividad de ovejas

The Mexican marigold flower (Tagetes erecta) is a plant native to Mexico, the uses are: pigments, flavoring, perfumery, ornamental, insecticides, nematicides and medicinal. In the soil there is a great richness of microorganisms mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria with an important role in the processes that affect the transformation of nutrients in the soil and their availability for plants and protection against phytopathogenic microorganisms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of beneficial microorganisms in the development of the cempasúchil flower compared with the application of a fertilizer. The bacterial strains were identified as 225, 254, 302 and an inoculum of mycorrhizal fungi. The Blue Garden fertilizer. Fresh weight, dry weight, number of flowers, root size were determined. A completely randomized experimental design and Tukey test were used. According to the results obtained, the best treatments that could have a potential use were the following treatments: fertilizer, strain 254, strain 302 and strain 254 and mycorrhiza. The use of beneficial microorganisms for the production of Mexican marigold flowers was shown to be effective and comparable with the application of fertilizer, therefore reducing its use and even eliminating it.

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Aplicación de microorganismos benéficos para la producción de flor de cempasúchil (Tagetes erecta)

Revista de Innovación Sistemática ◽

10.35429/jsi.2019.9.3.1.4 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Blanca Estela Gómez-Luna ◽

Rafael Alejandro Veloz-García ◽

César Díaz-Pérez ◽

Juan Carlos Ramírez-Granados

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Tagetes Erecta ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Beneficial Microorganisms ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Phytopathogenic Microorganisms ◽

Root Size

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A review of issues related to measuring colonization of plant roots by bacteria

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m92-202 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 38 (12) ◽

pp. 1219-1232 ◽

Cited By ~ 208

Author(s):

Joseph W. Kloepper ◽

Chantal J. Beauchamp

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Statistical Issues ◽

Definition Of ◽

Rhizosphere Community

Root colonization by introduced bacteria is an important step in the interaction of beneficial bacteria with the host plant. Investigators attempting to measure root colonization by bacteria must face several issues. A clear concept or definition of root colonization should be stated in each research summary, as several different definitions have been proposed. We consider true root colonists to be those bacteria that colonize roots in competitive conditions, i.e., natural field soils. Different methods of processing root samples are required if one is measuring external root colonization alone, internal colonization alone, or both. Given that most beneficial bacterial strains currently under investigation as root colonists are members of taxa naturally found in soils, a marking system is required to differentiate the introduced strain from members of the indigenous rhizosphere community. Spontaneous antibiotic resistance, immunological approaches, and foreign DNA sequences are among the marking systems that have been used and each has some possible advantages and disadvantages. More research is needed in the development and comparison of marking systems. The design of experiments to measure root colonization should take into account several statistical issues. One must decide what constitutes the sample unit for each replication of a given treatment, e.g., whole root systems or root segments. Consideration should also be given to how best to express the estimated population of root colonists (e.g., cfu/g fresh or dry weight root, cfu/cm root, or cfu/surface area root). Statistical analysis by standard analysis of variance tests should be used whenever possible to separate treatment means of colonization levels; however, one must determine that the underlying assumptions of these tests are correct for each experiment. Finally, in quantification of populations on roots, one will almost certainly encounter replications with no bacteria, i.e., zeros. There are several options for how to calculate treatment means when one or more replications is a zero, and the implications of these options are discussed. Key words: bioluminescence, genetic markers, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, rhizosphere bacteria, root, colonization.

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Selection of Mercury-Resistant PGPR Strains Using the BMRSI for Bioremediation Purposes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18189867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 9867

Author(s):

Daniel González ◽

Marina Robas ◽

Agustín Probanza ◽

Pedro A. Jiménez

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soils ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Mining District ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Ciudad Real ◽

Agriculture Industry ◽

Suitability Index ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Potential Use

Heavy metal pollution of soil, particularly by mercury (Hg), is a problem that can seriously affect the environment and human health. For this reason, it is necessary to take steps to remediate these environments, prevent potential adverse effects, and restore these areas for subsequent use in agriculture, industry, ranching, and forestry. The present study has selected 40 bacterial strains from rhizosphere and bulk soil that grow naturally in high Hg-contaminated soils from the Almadén mining district in Ciudad Real, Spain. With the objective of evaluating the potential use of these strains in phyto-rhizoremediation, an evaluation and statistical analysis of their PGPR (Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria) activity at different levels of Hg was carried out as the first condition of selection for their potential use in bioremediation. In addition, a Hg MBC (Maximum Bactericidal Concentration) was performed with the aim of selecting the strains with high Hg tolerance. Finally, strains with potential biotechnological use have been proposed according to the Bio-Mercury Remediation Suitability Index (BMRSI) criteria, which consider indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, acid 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase (ACCd) activity, phosphates solubilization, and siderophore production measured in the presence of Hg, as well as its MBC to Hg. The strains selected for further in vivo and in situ processes must reach at least an MBC (Hg) > 100 μg/mL and BMRSI ≥ 6.5.

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Selenium Biofortification of Crop Food by Beneficial Microorganisms

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof6020059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Yuanming Ye ◽

Jingwang Qu ◽

Yao Pu ◽

Shen Rao ◽

Feng Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Keshan Disease ◽

Dark Septate Fungi ◽

Beneficial Microorganisms ◽

Drought And Salt Stress ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Root Endophytic Fungi

Selenium (Se) is essential for human health, however, Se is deficient in soil in many places all around the world, resulting in human diseases, such as notorious Keshan disease and Keshin–Beck disease. Therefore, Se biofortification is a popular approach to improve Se uptake and maintain human health. Beneficial microorganisms, including mycorrhizal and root endophytic fungi, dark septate fungi, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), show multiple functions, especially increased plant nutrition uptake, growth and yield, and resistance to abiotic stresses. Such functions can be used for Se biofortification and increased growth and yield under drought and salt stress. The present review summarizes the use of mycorrhizal fungi and PGPRs in Se biofortification, aiming to improving their practical use.

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Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10060475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Gustavo Santoyo ◽

Carlos Alberto Urtis-Flores ◽

Pedro Damián Loeza-Lara ◽

Ma. del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda ◽

Bernard R. Glick

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Secretion Systems ◽

Lytic Enzymes ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Phytopathogenic Microorganisms

The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the field has been hampered by a number of gaps in the knowledge of the mechanisms that improve plant growth, health, and production. These gaps include (i) the ability of PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere of plants and (ii) the ability of bacterial strains to thrive under different environmental conditions. In this review, different strategies of PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere of host plants are summarized and the advantages of having highly competitive strains are discussed. Some mechanisms exhibited by PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere include recognition of chemical signals and nutrients from root exudates, antioxidant activities, biofilm production, bacterial motility, as well as efficient evasion and suppression of the plant immune system. Moreover, many PGPR contain secretion systems and produce antimicrobial compounds, such as antibiotics, volatile organic compounds, and lytic enzymes that enable them to restrict the growth of potentially phytopathogenic microorganisms. Finally, the ability of PGPR to compete and successfully colonize the rhizosphere should be considered in the development and application of bioinoculants.

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Amelioration of water deficiency stress in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49211987 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 11987

Author(s):

Sara SANAYEI ◽

Morteza BARMAKI ◽

Ali EBADI ◽

Mousa TORABI-GIGLOU

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Deficiency ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Belowground interactions between plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs), and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can improve growth and yield under abiotic stress conditions. A pot factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted to investigate the effects of AMFs (without inoculation as control, inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae and Funneliformis intraradices) and PGPRs (without inoculation as control Pseudomonas fluorescens p-169 inoculation) on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) grown under water deficiency stress (WDS) [90% (I1), 75% (I2), 50% (I3), and 25% (I4) of field capacity as well-watered, mild, moderate, and severe stress, respectively]. The results showed that by applying WDS, the plant growth properties such as root and sepals’ dry weight, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, chlorophyll a, b, and total, carotenoids, and leaf water content was significantly reduced. The application of AMFs and PGPR under WDS conditions increased 1000-seed weight, seed yield. In response to WDS osmotic adjustment were provided in Roselle and under stress conditions. The highest seed yield was found under well-watered treatment by inoculation of F. mosseae without PGPR and the application of Pseudomonas fluorescens (6.37 and 6.51 g/plant, respectively). These results suggesting the antagonistic effects of AMFs and PGPR. AMFs inoculation under severe stress increased sepals dry weight compared to the non-inoculation. In conclusion, increased activity of enzymatic antioxidants and higher production of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, as well as photosynthetic pigments in symbiotic association with AMFs, can alleviate reactive oxygen species damage resulting in increased growth and yield parameters and improve water stress tolerance.

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Rhizobacterial Inoculants Increase Root and Shoot Growth in ‘Tifway’ Hybrid Bermudagrass

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898.32.3.149 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 149-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Murphey Coy ◽

David W. Held ◽

Joseph W. Kloepper

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Root Growth ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Agronomic Crops ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Bacterial Treatment ◽

Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are non-pathogenic, beneficial bacteria that colonize seeds and roots of plants and enhance plant growth. Although there has been extensive PGPR research with agronomic crops, there has been little emphasis on development of PGPR for grasses in pastures or as turf. Accordingly, experiments were conducted to evaluate novel bacterial inoculants for growth promotion in ‘Tifway’ hybrid bermudagrass. Replicated laboratory and greenhouse experiments evaluated effects of various PGPR mixtures, each with 3 to 5 PGPR strains and applied as weekly root inoculations, in comparison to nontreated plants. Growth promotion was assessed by measuring foliar growth from 3 to 8 wk and root growth at 8 wk after the first treatment. In all experiments, at least one bacterial treatment of bermudagrass resulted in significantly increased top growth and greater root growth (length, surface area, volume, or dry weight). PGPR blends 20 and MC3 caused the greatest growth promotion of roots and shoots. These results suggest that the bacterial strains could be used in strategies to reduce nitrogen or water inputs to turf.

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Bio-Mercury Remediation Suitability Index: A Novel Proposal That Compiles the PGPR Features of Bacterial Strains and Its Potential Use in Phytoremediation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18084213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 4213

Author(s):

Marina Robas ◽

Pedro A. Jiménez ◽

Daniel González ◽

Agustín Probanza

Keyword(s):

Phosphate Solubilization ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Soil Bioremediation ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Auxin Production ◽

Suitability Index ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Potential Use ◽

Selection Of

Soil pollution from heavy metals, especially mercury, is an environmental problem for human health. Biological approaches offer interesting tools, which necessarily involve the selection of organisms capable of transforming the environment via bioremediation. To evaluate the potential use of microorganisms in phytorhizoremediation, bacterial strains were isolated from rhizospheric and bulk soil under conditions of chronic natural mercury, which were identified and characterized by studying the following: (i) their plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) activities; and (ii) their maximum bactericide concentration of mercury. Information regarding auxin production, phosphate solubilization, siderophore synthesis and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCd) capacity of the isolates was compiled in order to select the strains that fit potential biotechnological use. To achieve this objective, the present work proposes the Bio-Mercury Remediation Suitability Index (BMR-SI), which reflects the integral behavior of the strains for heavy metal polluted soil bioremediation. Only those strains that rigorously fulfilled all of the established criteria were selected for further assays.

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Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms in Coffee Production: From Isolation to Field Application

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1531

Author(s):

Narcisa Urgiles-Gómez ◽

María Eugenia Avila-Salem ◽

Paúl Loján ◽

Max Encalada ◽

Leslye Hurtado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Field Application ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Coffee Agroforestry ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Coffee is an important, high-value crop because its roasted beans are used to produce popular beverages that are consumed worldwide. Coffee plantations exist in over 70 countries and constitute the main economic activity of approximately 125 million people. Currently, there is global concern regarding the excessive use of agrochemicals and pesticides in agriculture, including coffee crops. This situation has motivated researchers, administrators, and farmers to seek ecologically friendly alternatives to decrease the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. In the last decades, multiple studies of the rhizosphere, at the chemical, physical and biological levels, have improved our understanding of the importance of beneficial microorganisms to plant health and growth. This review aims to summarize the state of the use of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) in coffee production, where the most extensively studied microorganisms are beneficial plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This review also contains information on PGPM, in regard to plantations at different latitudes, isolation techniques, mass multiplication, formulation methods, and the application of PGPM in nurseries, monoculture, and coffee agroforestry systems. Finally, this review focuses on relevant research performed during the last decade that can help us improve sustainable coffee production.

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PGPR Characteristics of Rhizospheric Bacteria to Understand the Mechanisms of Faba Bean Growth

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2020066027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Rim Tinhinen Maougal ◽

Maya Kechid ◽

Chaima Ladjabi ◽

Abdelhamid Djekoun

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Rhizospheric Bacteria ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Pgpr Traits ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

High Degree

Rhizobacteria play an important role in maintaining soil balance. Among these bacteria, there are those taht have shown their ability to promote the growth of plants, known as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). In our work, we are interested in characterizing 110 bacterial strains isolated in the field in the region of Ben Badis (Constantine Algeria) from 5 varieties of faba bean. Phenotypic and biochemical characterization showed that most of the isolates are cream-colored, slightly raised, flat and opaque, Gram−, catalase+ and oxidase−, and Bacillus form. PCA analysis allowed us to select 40 isolates with a high degree of variability to continue our work. The results obtained have directed us towards different taxonomic groups (rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus etc.). The evaluation of the PGPR potential of bacteria (phytostimulation, biofertilization and biocontrol), showed that 100% of bacteria are able to produce auxin at different concentrations, with the highest concentration (177.77 µg/mL) for the isolate 6, and that more than 50% of isolates are capable of producing nitrogen, ammonia and phytate mineralization. These PGPR traits have a direct effect on plant growth of five varieties of the faba bean and can be used to select the best performing bacteria for inoculation tests.

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