scholarly journals A multi-stage algorithm for image denoising based on PCA and adaptive TV-regularization

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Tran Dang Khoa Phan
Keyword(s):  
Image Denoising ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Tv Regularization ◽  
Image Patches ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Visual Artifacts ◽  
Adaptive Total Variation ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, we present an image denoising algorithm comprising three stages. In the first stage, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to suppress the noise. PCA is applied to image blocks to characterize localized features and rare image patches. In the second stage, we use the Gaussian curvature to develop an adaptive total-variation-based (TV) denoising model to effectively remove visual artifacts and noise residual generated by the first stage. Finally, the denoised image is sharpened in order to enhance the contrast of the denoising result. Experimental results on natural images and computed tomography (CT) images demonstrated that the proposed algorithm yields denoising results better than competing algorithms in terms of both qualitative and quantitative aspects.

scholarly journals Characterization of Volatile Profiles and Marker Substances by HS-SPME/GC-MS during the Concentration of Coconut Jam

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Haiming Chen ◽  
Wenzhu Wang ◽  
Wenxiao Jiao ◽  
Wenxue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Model ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Marker Substances ◽  
Volatile Profiles ◽  
Three Stages

Characteristic aromas are usually key labels for food products. In this study, the volatile profiles and marker substances of coconut jam during concentration were characterized via sensory evaluation combined with headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HSPME/GC-MS). A total of 33 aroma compounds were detected by HSPME/GC-MS. Principal component analysis revealed the concentration process of coconut jam can be divided into three stages. In the first stage, esters and alcohols were the two main contributors to the aroma of the coconut jam. Next, a caramel smell was gradually formed during the second stage, which was mainly derived from aldehydes, ketones and alcohols. The concentration of aldehydes increased gradually at this stage, which may be the result of a combination of the Maillard reaction and the caramelization reaction. In the final sterilization stage, the ‘odor intensity’ of caramel reached the maximum level and a variety of aroma compounds were produced, thereby forming a unique flavor for the coconut jam. Finally, furfural fit a logistic model with a regression coefficient (r2) of 0.97034. Therefore, furfural can be used as a marker substance for monitoring the concentration of coconut jam.

scholarly journals Theory, practice, and politics - Policy decision-making process based on epidemiology and public health evidence proved to be feasible in multistage research on blood-borne infections in Poland.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANITA GĘBSKA-KUCZEROWSKA ◽  
Robert Gajda
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Epidemiology And Public Health

Abstract Objective This study presented a research methodology used to prepare the proposal of assumptions regarding the strategy for preventing blood-borne diseases in Poland. Methods The project was carried out from 18th July to 30th November 2016. The tasks under that project were assigned to an outsourcing company to avoid the tendency in respondents’ answers. The research was divided into three stages. The first stage diagnosed the problem from the perspectives of service providers, practitioners, and epidemiologists – persons who encounter problems related to blood-derivative infections at work. The second stage involved analysis at the level of local and country health policy – the institution of supervision, authorities, and administration through the engagement of experts, and public healthcare specialists. In the third stage, decision makers were interviewed (key representatives– that is, the opinions of leaders were sought) and asked to summarize and define priorities regarding conclusions determined in the earlier phases of the project, i.e., during the first and second stages. Results The final output of the entire project is a list of key problems/challenges and solution proposals associated with medical and nonmedical services that are connected to the breakage of tissue continuity. Conclusions Results composed from the multi-stage survey regarded proposed assumptions for the strategy for the prevention of blood-borne infections in Poland. Statistical data allowed the assessment of the health effects, while the methodology applied also allowed diagnosis of the processes leading to these effects.Funding This study was supported by a Swiss Contribution and Ministry of Health grant (KIK35).

scholarly journals MULTI-STAGE OPTIMAL CONTROL OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Florencia Duarte ◽  
Giovanna Joris ◽  
Alejandro Beccaria ◽  
Rodolfo Dondo
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Sweet Sorghum Bagasse ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Sorghum Bagasse ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Process Productivity

The dynamics of production and purification of ethanol from sorghum lignocellulosic materials by a three stages process was modeled and optimized in this work. The process involves a first stage for hydrolyzing sweet sorghum bagasse; a second stage for fermenting the generated sugars and a third stage for the separation of ethanol. Kinetic and distillation equations were embedded into macroscopic balances in order to derive a mathematical model used to solve the three-stage optimal control problem. The aim was to maximize the process productivity by optimally managing the controlled flows between units and by optimally fixing the switching times between the process stages. 

The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mode Of Production

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.

The Subject Matter of Intellectual Property

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Pila
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Trade Mark ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Relationship

This book offers a study of the subject matter protected by each of the main intellectual property (IP) regimes. With a focus on European and UK law particularly, it considers the meaning of the terms used to denote the objects to which IP rights attach, such as ‘invention’, ‘authorial work’, ‘trade mark’, and ‘design’, with reference to the practice of legal officials and the nature of those objects specifically. To that end it proceeds in three stages. At the first stage, in Chapter 2, the nature, aims, and values of IP rights and systems are considered. As historically and currently conceived, IP rights are limited (and generally transferable) exclusionary rights that attach to certain intellectual creations, broadly conceived, and that serve a range of instrumentalist and deontological ends. At the second stage, in Chapter 3, a theoretical framework for thinking about IP subject matter is proposed with the assistance of certain devices from philosophy. That framework supports a paradigmatic conception of the objects protected by IP rights as artifact types distinguished by their properties and categorized accordingly. From this framework, four questions are derived concerning: the nature of the (categories of) subject matter denoted by the terms ‘invention’, ‘authorial work’, ‘trade mark’, ‘design’ etc, including their essential properties; the means by which each subject matter is individuated within the relevant IP regime; the relationship between each subject matter and its concrete instances; and the manner in which the existence of a subject matter and its concrete instances is known. That leaves the book’s final stage, in Chapters 3 to 7. Here legal officials’ use of the terms above, and understanding of the objects that they denote, are studied, and the results presented as answers to the four questions identified previously.

scholarly journals SPPD: A Novel Reassembly Method for 3D Terracotta Warrior Fragments Based on Fracture Surface Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Wenmin Yao ◽  
Tong Chu ◽  
Wenlong Tang ◽  
Jingyu Wang ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Coarse To Fine ◽  
Fine Registration ◽  
Common Situation ◽  
Better Than

As one of China′s most precious cultural relics, the excavation and protection of the Terracotta Warriors pose significant challenges to archaeologists. A fairly common situation in the excavation is that the Terracotta Warriors are mostly found in the form of fragments, and manual reassembly among numerous fragments is laborious and time-consuming. This work presents a fracture-surface-based reassembling method, which is composed of SiamesePointNet, principal component analysis (PCA), and deep closest point (DCP), and is named SPPD. Firstly, SiamesePointNet is proposed to determine whether a pair of point clouds of 3D Terracotta Warrior fragments can be reassembled. Then, a coarse-to-fine registration method based on PCA and DCP is proposed to register the two fragments into a reassembled one. The above two steps iterate until the termination condition is met. A series of experiments on real-world examples are conducted, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than the conventional reassembling methods. We hope this work can provide a valuable tool for the virtual restoration of three-dimension cultural heritage artifacts.

scholarly journals Effect of Sago Starch Modifications on Polystyrene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2867
Author(s):  
Mohamad Kahar Ab Wahab ◽  
Halimatul Syahirah Mohamad ◽  
Elammaran Jayamani ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Izabela Wnuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Void Formation ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Starch Blends ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
Starch Modifications

The preparation of polystyrene/thermoplastic starch (PS/TPS) blends was divided into three stages. The first stage involved the preparation of TPS from sago starch. Then, for the second stage, PS was blended with TPS to produce a TPS/PS blend. The ratios of the TPS/PS blend were 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, and 80:20. The final stage was a modification of the composition of TPS/PS blends with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid treatment. Both untreated and treated blends were characterized by their physical, thermal, and surface morphology properties. The obtained results indicate that modified blends have better tensile strength as the adhesion between TPS and PS was improved. This can be observed from SEM micrographs, as modified blends with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid had smaller TPS dispersion in PS/TPS blends. The micrograph showed that there was no agglomeration and void formation in the TPS/PS blending process. Furthermore, modified blends show better thermal stability, as proved by thermogravimetric analysis. Water uptake into the TPS/PS blends also decreased after the modifications, and the structural analysis showed the formation of a new peak after the modification process.

scholarly journals Variety Identification of Orchids Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Stacked Sparse Auto-Encoder

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 2506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Chen ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Xuping Feng ◽  
Xufeng Yang ◽  
Jinnuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Variety Identification ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Discriminant Models ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Better Than

The feasibility of using the fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique with a stacked sparse auto-encoder (SSAE) to identify orchid varieties was studied. Spectral data of 13 orchids varieties covering the spectral range of 4000–550 cm−1 were acquired to establish discriminant models and to select optimal spectral variables. K nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and SSAE models were built using full spectra. The SSAE model performed better than the KNN and SVM models and obtained a classification accuracy 99.4% in the calibration set and 97.9% in the prediction set. Then, three algorithms, principal component analysis loading (PCA-loading), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), and stacked sparse auto-encoder guided backward (SSAE-GB), were used to select 39, 300, and 38 optimal wavenumbers, respectively. The KNN and SVM models were built based on optimal wavenumbers. Most of the optimal wavenumbers-based models performed slightly better than the all wavenumbers-based models. The performance of the SSAE-GB was better than the other two from the perspective of the accuracy of the discriminant models and the number of optimal wavenumbers. The results of this study showed that the FTIR spectroscopic technique combined with the SSAE algorithm could be adopted in the identification of the orchid varieties.

scholarly journals An Improved Image Denoising Model Based on Nonlocal Means Filter

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
Wenyu Jiang ◽  
Jianlong Shao ◽  
Jin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Image Denoising ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Nonlocal Means ◽  
New Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Better Than

The nonlocal means filter plays an important role in image denoising. We propose in this paper an image denoising model which is a suitable improvement of the nonlocal means filter. We compare this model with the nonlocal means filter, both theoretically and experimentally. Experiment results show that this new model provides good results for image denoising. Particularly, it is better than the nonlocal means filter when we consider the denoising for natural images with high textures.

Principal component dictionary-based patch grouping for image denoising

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoukui Yao ◽  
Yi Chang ◽  
Xiaojuan Qin ◽  
Yaozong Zhang ◽  
Tianxu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Image Denoising ◽  
Principal Component
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