scholarly journals Composing a National Picture from Local Scenes: New and Future Insights into the Fertility Transition

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eilidh Garrett ◽  
Alice Reid
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
Level Of Understanding

This contribution examines the relationship between local population studies and the national picture by considering the example of the Victorian fertility transition in England and Wales. It begins by summarising the history of research into the fertility decline. It then describes a recent project, the Atlas of Fertility Decline, which has used the newly available machine-readable data on individuals from the censuses from 1851 to 1911 to estimate fertility at the level of the registration sub-district. The results from the project can be used to highlight geographical variations in fertility at the regional and local level. Explaining the patterns observed, though, will require detailed local studies. New resources that are being opened up for researchers interested in such issues in their local community, in their county, in their region or in the nation as a whole, make the pursuit and attainment of answers possible. New light can be thrown on local scenes that will each add a piece of the jigsaw which, when completed, will bring a whole new level of understanding of the complex puzzle that is the fertility transition in England and Wales.

scholarly journals Ascoltare il territorio

ARCHALP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (N. 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Cola
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Winter Olympics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Alps ◽  
The Village

The recent history of urban development in Italy largely stems from a policy – here intended as a set of actions and strategies of administrators, entrepreneurs and experts – which has been incapable of planning transformations and, therefore, adopting a shared and far-sighted approach to development. The urban regeneration of metropolitan areas and their consequent demographic and economic development (70% of the population and 80% of GDP are concentrated in these areas) have often penalised internal areas such as the Alps and Apennines. Some peculiar experiences, including the regeneration of the village of Ostana (Cuneo), the project carried out in Contrada Bricconi (Bergamo), or even the activities of the association Dolomiti Contemporanee (Belluno) – just to mention a few interesting cases in the Italian Alps, – show that the understanding of and care for a unique territory are the pillars on which any informed political, administrative, architectural or territorial project should be based. This approach is all the more important in the framework of those events envisaging the construction of large infrastructures (such as the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan-Cortina). After these events, such infrastructures are often abandoned because they are useless for the territory, economically unsustainable in the long-term, and not shared with the local community. In this perspective, the work of the association Architetti Arco Alpino (Alpine Arc Architects), whose activities range from architecture awards to photographic surveys, conferences and publications, aims to understand the complexity of mountain areas and to promote architectural quality. In this framework, they have successfully shown how the problems are often the same regardless of geographical and cultural distances. The solution to these problems is to be found primarily in the act of listening to the places and history of the local population; whether in the Alps or elsewhere, every good project based on a contemporary and conscious approach starts from there.

scholarly journals Experienced Well-Being in the Rural Areas of the Srem Region (Serbia): Perceptions of the Local Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Bojan Đerčan ◽  
Milka Bubalo Živković ◽  
Dragica Gatarić ◽  
Tamara Lukić ◽  
Aleksandra Dragin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Insight Into

The sustainability of rural settlements in Serbia has become the main focus of strategic rural development planning. Although it is still difficult to measure the quality of life of the citizens of the Republic of Serbia, preliminary results show that it is necessary to go beyond the GDP as the only or one of its most important indicators. A multidimensional approach and analysis at the local level is necessary for more comprehensive insight into quality of life in order to avoid erroneous or simplified conclusions. Striving to provide more detailed insight into the attitudes and needs of the local population, this research uses a qualitative approach. Subjective measures of how people feel and function in everyday life can predict future reactions, many of which are in the domain of the interests of local public services. The aim of the research is to apply measurement indicators through six dimensions of well-being in order to determine to what extent the inhabitants of rural communities are satisfied with some indicators and how they assess their own well-being. The research results illustrate the importance of understanding the needs of the local population and the perception of overall life experience in monitoring balanced rural development. The research can be adapted and applied to any rural community. Thus, only by developing a participatory approach can one strive for community-based rural development.

scholarly journals International experience of converting social capital of local communities into development of tourism sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Rogach
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Local Residents

The subject of this research is the international practices of utilization of social capital of local communities for the purpose of development of tourism attractiveness of the territories. The object of this research is the social capital of local communities. The author explores such aspects of the topic as the development of tourism on the basis of local community, stimulation of social activism and communication between the locals, their ability to self-organization on the local level within the framework of international projects. Special attention is given to the risks and negative consequences for the local communities caused by tourism. The conclusions is made that the role of the representatives of local communities is considered as one of the key elements within the international practice of tourism development. This relates to the formation of tolerant and friendly tourism space for maintaining a “geographical myth”, which cannot be created without involvement of the local residents. Such process must be manageable for the authorities that ensure protection of local population from the sociocultural threats caused by tourists. International experience can be adapted in the Russian realities to some extent, however this process requires outworking of the corresponding mechanism of three-way interaction of the local government, business and local residents. The scientific novelty lies int the attempts of critical revaluation of the role of social capital of local communities at the time of transformation of tourism industry due to unfavorable epidemic situation.

scholarly journals RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL PRACTICES DEVELOPMENT IN THE LOCAL COMMUNITY (CASE STUDY OF THE VOLOGDA OBLAST)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Anna S. Artamonova ◽  
Yulya V. Ukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Degree Of Participation

Currently, the regions face with the need to implement new development strategies based on the maximum use of internal resources. One of the significant development factors is the social activity of the local population. This actualizes the study of social activity forms at the local level, which was the aim of this study. This aim predetermined the following tasks: determining the directions for social practices development in the region, identifying the degree of participation of the population in public life and the main barriers that prevent more active participation. The empirical information was based on the available statistical data on socially oriented non-profit organizations, as well as the results of the authors’ sociological survey. The study revealed insufficient development of social practices in the region; a characteristic feature of civic participation is the low involvement of Russians in formal volunteering and high informal volunteer activity. The data obtained through the case study give grounds to speak of the development of new practices, various civic initiatives. Within the framework of local communities, there are intense processes of collective integration, self-defense and self-organization at the level of everyday life. Civic participation, regardless of the format, can become one of the factors stimulating the self-development of territories, an additional resource for overcoming socio-economic challenges.

scholarly journals Integration and adaptation of migrants from other cultures in the Ural-Volga Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Lyailya Gelsovna Khusnutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Perm Krai ◽  
The Republic

The adaptive processes of migrants are quite complex and are caused by a variety of economic, social, cultural, educational factors, and problems. An important condition for the successful adaptation of migrants is their legalization, i.e. migration registration and statutory permits (work permits or patents). Knowledge of the Russian language makes it possible to get information about employment regulations in Russia, increases the chances of obtaining legal work, reduces dependence on fellow countrymen in employment and advancement, enhances contact with the local population, ensures the implementation of the rights of migrants to vocational training, medical care and so on. Based on the results of opinion polls, as well as our own field materials collected in 2014-2015, this article examines the integration and adaptation of migrants in the Republic of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan, Perm Krai, Samara, and Orenburg regions, a complex ethnic and confessional composition of the population of the Russian regions. The studied regions experienced positive gains in implementing national policies at the level of the subject of federation and the whole of the Ural-Volga region. The active and successful operation of the municipal and regional authorities led to the integration of migrants into the local community. Of course, the Ural-Volga region has a positive image, which is based primarily on socio-economic, cultural, sports and other achievements as well as on good governance at the local level. This experience needs to be studied and spread to other regions of Russia.

A Court in Decline? Examining the Regality Court Records of Melrose, Roxburghshire, 1657–84

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Vivienne Dunstan
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Seminal Work

McIntyre, in his seminal work on Scottish franchise courts, argues that these courts were in decline in this period, and of little relevance to their local population. 1 But was that really the case? This paper explores that question, using a particularly rich set of local court records. By analysing the functions and significance of one particular court it assesses the role of this one court within its local area, and considers whether it really was in decline at this time, or if it continued to perform a vital role in its local community. The period studied is the mid to late seventeenth century, a period of considerable upheaval in Scottish life, that has attracted considerable attention from scholars, though often less on the experiences of local communities and people.

Gypsy Population of Tatarstan: Attitude to Education and Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Tatyana Alekseevna Titova ◽  
Elena Valeryevna Frolova ◽  
Elena Gennadievna Gushchina ◽  
Anastasia Victorovna Fakhrutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Complex Study ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The studied problem significanceis caused by theneed of complex study of the groups which are in an nonnative environment environment. The purpose of the article is study of the of the Gipsy population that live in Zelenodolsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan to the systems and education healthcare. The leading approach to a research of this problem is a polyparadigmal methodology. The educational process is understood as an instrument of socialization of Roma children and health problems of representatives of their population. Special attention is paid to the circumstance that the questions of education of children is far from being priority one for the Gipsy population of the explored area. The understanding of health protection haw essential differences in comparison with local population. The conclusion is drawn that integration of Roma into local community depends on support of initiatives of locals and administration by most of representatives of a camp. Materials of the article can be useful to ethnologists, social and cultural anthropologists, political scientists and also representatives of the bodies/ committees and institutions supervising questions of interethnic and inter-religious interaction.

HISTORY OF MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT IN TURKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Mamarazok Tagaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Medicine Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Russian Empire

In the article, after the conquest of the Russian Empire in the province, hospitals were opened for the Russian military and turned them into a hospital. Opened hospitals in Tashkent, Samarkand and Kattakurgan and outpatients for women and men. However,the local population, fearing doctors in uniform, did not want to contact them and turned to healers and paramedics

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