scholarly journals International experience of converting social capital of local communities into development of tourism sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Rogach
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Local Residents

The subject of this research is the international practices of utilization of social capital of local communities for the purpose of development of tourism attractiveness of the territories. The object of this research is the social capital of local communities. The author explores such aspects of the topic as the development of tourism on the basis of local community, stimulation of social activism and communication between the locals, their ability to self-organization on the local level within the framework of international projects. Special attention is given to the risks and negative consequences for the local communities caused by tourism. The conclusions is made that the role of the representatives of local communities is considered as one of the key elements within the international practice of tourism development. This relates to the formation of tolerant and friendly tourism space for maintaining a “geographical myth”, which cannot be created without involvement of the local residents. Such process must be manageable for the authorities that ensure protection of local population from the sociocultural threats caused by tourists. International experience can be adapted in the Russian realities to some extent, however this process requires outworking of the corresponding mechanism of three-way interaction of the local government, business and local residents. The scientific novelty lies int the attempts of critical revaluation of the role of social capital of local communities at the time of transformation of tourism industry due to unfavorable epidemic situation.

A Court in Decline? Examining the Regality Court Records of Melrose, Roxburghshire, 1657–84

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Vivienne Dunstan
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Seminal Work

McIntyre, in his seminal work on Scottish franchise courts, argues that these courts were in decline in this period, and of little relevance to their local population. 1 But was that really the case? This paper explores that question, using a particularly rich set of local court records. By analysing the functions and significance of one particular court it assesses the role of this one court within its local area, and considers whether it really was in decline at this time, or if it continued to perform a vital role in its local community. The period studied is the mid to late seventeenth century, a period of considerable upheaval in Scottish life, that has attracted considerable attention from scholars, though often less on the experiences of local communities and people.

Community rebuilding processes in a disaster-damaged area through community currency

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Nakazato ◽  
Seunghoo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Currency ◽  
Community Rebuilding ◽  
Potential Tool

Purpose Community currency (CC) is used as a tool for reviving local communities by promoting economic growth and facilitating the formation of social capital. Although the Japanese CC movement has stagnated since mid-2005, a new experiment, Fukkou Ouen Chiiki Tsuka (CC for supporting disaster recovery), was introduced across disaster-damaged areas after the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami of March 2011. Previous studies assessing the role of CC in these earthquake-damaged areas are rare; the purpose of this paper is to examine the micro processes of community rebuilding that underlie the transactional networks mediated by one of the experiments, Domo, in Kamaishi. Design/methodology/approach Using transactional records capturing residents’ CC activities during the five-month pilot period before actual implementation of Domo simultaneous investigation for empirical network analysis techniques identify the network configuration dynamics representing the multiple observed forms of social capital in this disaster-affected local community. Findings This study of the five-month pilot for the Domo system revealed: intensive dependence on the coordinating role of core members (i.e. the creation of weak ties), a lack of balanced support among members and the resulting uni-directional transactions (i.e. the avoidance of generalized exchanges), and the reinforcement of previous transactional ties via reciprocation or transitive triads (i.e. the formation of strong ties). Originality/value This study provides guidance for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers on how community residents’ engagement in CC activities could function as a potential tool for generating positive socio-economic effects for local communities in disaster areas.

scholarly journals TANTANGAN BERKARIER SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA LOKAL DI INDUSTRI PERHOTELAN SANUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
Retno Juwita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Cooperative Relationship ◽  
And Behavior

From the analysis, it is found that there were still many challenges experienced by local communities in exploiting job opportunities, such as the incompatibility between labor qualifications required by the tourism industry and the capacity of local communities. The lack of capacity of human resources resulted from the low quality of education, the lack of knowledge and skills in the tourism industry, especially the hospitality, and the attitude and behavior or work ethic of the local community itself. The success or failure of cooperative relationship between the company and its human resources is inseparable from the role of desa adat. The role of desa adat here is to provide job-related information required by the company to assist the prospective workforce to obtain a job. The tourism sector is expected to build motivation and increase work productivity for the community in order to encourage the growth of the economic sector.

Strengthening local communities through development of local self-government institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
ANTON PILSHCHIKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
Definition Of

Solving problems at the local level requires the unified activity of both the municipal authorities and representatives of civil society. In this regard, the author attempts to comprehend the concepts of ‘local self-government’ and ‘local community’ in the context of the formation of a cooperative environment in the relationship between them, and also gives his own definition of the term based on existing approaches and views. The essence of this understanding of the local community is to emphasize the uniqueness of the role of local governments and public organizations, as well as individual citizens. The author focuses on the participation of non-profit organizations in this process, which is illustrated by the example of the all-Russian Council of local self-government and projects implemented by this organization, as well as by considering the work of the Association for the promotion of twinning relations of Cologne and Volgograd. The paper concludes that the role of the non-profit sector in the development of local communities needs to be strengthened in Russia. At the same time, it is necessary to change approaches to the definition of the term ‘local community’ in such a way that it reflects the desire to form associations that meet the criteria for involvement in the process of solving local problems that arise for public organizations and local residents (of different focus and different significance for the municipal territory). It is important that local communities have their own opportunities for self-identification against the background of existing associations and have a fruitful influence on the communication process between different communities and allow the exchange of experience in various fields.

scholarly journals Ecotourism and Community Involvement: Challenges and Strategies

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Joseph P D ◽  
P Pakkeerappa
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Sustained Development ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The People

Tourism has emerged as the global industry and has been playing a leading role in the all-round development of any country. A planned and sustained development of tourism industry in the form of 'Ecotourism' or 'Responsible Tourism' would lead the country to everlasting prosperity in all aspects. Intensive care should be given in developing tourism in the respective areas to maximize output and minimize the bad impacts.The co-operation and participation of local community is of great significance to all industries especially tourism industry since it deals with the people of different regions, languages, cultures etc. But it is equally difficult to elicit the encouragement, co-operation and support from the local community in developing ecotourism effectively.The major objective of this article presents the role of local communities in promoting ecotourism in any region. The authors have portrayed the emerging challenges to be faced in developing ecotourism and suitable strategies have been suggested to overcome the challenges.

scholarly journals Resolusi Konflik Petani Sekitar Perkebunan Karet melalui Pengembangan Modal Sosial di Desa Kuto Kecamatan Kerjo Kabupaten Karanganyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
D Padmaningrum ◽  
Sutarto Sutarto ◽  
Agung Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Local Leaders

The majority of local population living close to the rubber plantation are farmers. Some of them lived under the proverty line. The management of rubber estate, in fact, ignored local culture. Both situation, the proverty and lack of corporates social responsibility caused intensive conflicts. The objectives of this research  describe: the factors fromulated social capital’s value and the role of social capital in conflict resolution in rubber estate. The constituants of the conflict consist of: the management of rubber estate, internal staff, the local people, local leaders also local and outside traders. This conflict involved: encrochment for agriculture, collecting fire woods illegally and stone mining illegally. In this case, the role of social capital values can described by many activities. The management is required to consider the aspirations of local people and to develop social network between the rubber estate with the local community; in particulary with local leaders; to develope the good exchange with local community, especially funds for social funtions; recruitment of the local people to work in the plantation; supply fresh water; all of which is aplication of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the rubber estate. In the mean time, the local people are requested to participate in the maintenance and sustainability of the rubber estate

The role of public libraries in the development of social capital in local communities – a theoretical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-196
Author(s):  
Maja Dorota Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

PurposeSocial capital, understood as intangible community values available through a network of connections, is a factor in the development of societies and improving quality of life. It helps to remove economic inequalities and prevent poverty and social exclusion, stimulate social and regional development, civic attitudes and social engagement and build a civic society as well as local and regional identity. Many of these tasks may be implemented by libraries, which, apart from providing access to information, may also offer a number of services associated with social needs. The purpose of this paper is to present the roles and functions that libraries may serve in local communities in terms of assistance, integration and development based on classical social capital theories.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the classical concepts of social capital in the context of libraries. It analyses the findings of Pierre-Félix Bourdieu, James Coleman, Francis Fukuyama, Robert Putnam, Nan Lin, Ronald Stuart Burt, Wayne Baker and Alejandro Portes. Based on their respective concepts, the paper analyses the role of the contemporary library in the social life of local communities. In particular, it focuses on the possible new functions that public libraries may serve.FindingsA critical review of the concept of social capital revealed certain dependencies between libraries and their neighbourhoods. With new services that respond to the actual social needs, libraries may serve as a keystone, namely they may integrate, animate and engage local communities. This, however, requires a certain approach to be adopted by the personnel and governing authorities as well as infrastructure and tangible resources.Originality/valueThe social engagement of libraries is usually described from the practical perspective (reports on the services provided) or in the context of research on the impact of respective projects on specific groups of users (research reports). A broader approach, based on original social theories, is rarely encountered. The paper draws on classical concepts of social capital and is a contribution to the discussion on possible uses of those concepts based on an analysis of the role of libraries in social life and in strengthening the social capital of local communities.

scholarly journals Municipal Responses to COVID-19: the case of library closures in New South Wales local government

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Andrea Wallace ◽  
Brian Dollery
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Community Wellbeing ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Library Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the New South Wales (NSW) government ordered the closure of all municipal libraries in order to limit the impact of the contagion. As a result, 372 public libraries in NSW ceased operation on the 23rd March 2020. While the closure of public libraries will undoubtedly contribute to restricting the spread of the coronavirus, given the pivotal role played by municipal libraries in local communities, as well as the special characteristics of library patrons, it will have other negative consequences. In this paper we consider the impact of the closure of municipal libraries in NSW from two perspectives: (a) its effect on the fiscal circumstances of local authorities and (b) its impact on the spread of the corona contagion as well as its broader effects on local community wellbeing. We conclude that rather than complete closure, partial constraints on library use should have been considered.

scholarly journals MODEL EKONOMI-EKOLOGI BERDASARKAN WTP PENGUNJUNG-WTA MASYARAKAT LOCAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN DESTINASI WISATA GUNUNG API BAWAH LAUT MAHENGETANG, KABUPATEN SANGIHE

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Paulus Adrian Pangemanan ◽  
Gene H. M. Kapantouw
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Resource Sustainability ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Ecological Improvement ◽  
Alternative Activities ◽  
Economic Improvement

Continuing management of tourist destinations, integrating economic and ecological aspects, and involving quadrohelical roles: local communities, tourism businesses, government and universities. This research develops a tourism destination management model that integrates economic and ecological development based on visitor willingness to pay (WTP) attachment with willingness to accept (WTA) of local community, supported by business actor role and government. Colleges play a role in identifying ecological and economic elements, analyzing and formulating alternative development activities that ensure economic improvement for local communities and resource sustainability (natural, socio-cultural) to improve the destination's life cycle. The purpose of this research is to manage the role of quadrohelical tourism in evaluating, developing economic programs / activities for the surrounding community, by prioritizing the sustainability of resource ecosystem. This research was conducted for 10 months in the area of Mahengetang submarine volcano in Sangihe District. This study focuses on identifying existing conditions of economic and ecological elements, analysis and formulation of alternative activities for economic and ecological improvement based on indicators (WTP-WTA). Destination management model based on WTP-WTA with integrated role of quadrohelical system can be adapted and developed in other destination, or in other resource utilization.

scholarly journals Revitalizing the cultural heritage sites of the medieval town of Tansen for the sustainable tourism development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 127-138
Author(s):  
Paras SJB Rana
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Natural Settings

   Tansen is renowned for its natural settings, historic buildings and a living cultural heritage that have remained, from medieval period until now. By UNWTO statistics,internationally, cultural tourism comprises 39% of the total tourism arrivals. This reaffirms that offering greater access to the cultural and heritage assets would give Tansen a competitive edge over the other tourist destinations and increase its attractiveness as a top tourist destination in Nepal. This article is related to study of how the heritage sites could be revived to make the cultural heritage tourism sustainable and regain Tansen’s economic vibrancy that has been depleting in the recent times. The purpose of the study is to examine the current state of the cultural heritage management in Tansen, to examine the prospect of revitalizing the cultural heritage assets and; to examine the role of the local communities in these aspects. The methods used in the study were site observations, a key informant interview of experts including the city Mayor, tourism entrepreneurs, site mangers and opinion survey of tourists and the local community resident. The study shows that local population has a positive opinion and initial enthusiasm on the emerging tourist arrivals after the restoration of Rani Mahal, but their role is marginalized in the process. This is the key proposition to start an initiative for the local communities to actively participate in tourism development projects. ‘Revitalizing the Rani Mahal heritage’ launched through the Public Private Partnership with support from UNESCO could build the trust amongst the high end international as well as domestic tourist and attract more investments to conserve, protect and promote the heritage capital stocks for the Tansen tourism development.

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