scholarly journals Textile packaging waste in the context of implementing the concept of circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (05) ◽  
pp. 499-503
Author(s):  
Eftalea Carpus ◽  
Angela Dorogan ◽  
Cristina Stroe
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Management Hierarchy ◽  
Legislative Measures

At European level, there are concrete measures regarding waste management in the circular economy, and these refer to: mandatory recycling rates for different categories of waste: plastics, glass, metals, paper and cardboard as well as biodegradable waste; the obligation to redesign the products in order to increase the proportion of raw materials resulting from recycling and to increase the degree of recycling of products, in order to consider them as secondary raw materials; promoting and stimulating the reuse of products; increasing the recycling rate of municipal waste by 2030 to a minimum of 65%; increasing the recycling rate of packaging waste by 2030 to a minimum of 75%; reduction of food wastage and implicitly of the resulted food waste by 50% by 2030. The large amount of packaging waste determined the taking of legislative measures that defined the obligations of pack- aging producers/distributors, recycling objectives and the waste management hierarchy. New targets for the recycling of packaging waste predict a growth to 65% in 2025 and 70% in 2030 [1]. Textile packaging waste is an important link in the integrated management of waste whose recovery contributes to the conservation and improvement of natural capital.

scholarly journals How Far Away Are World Economies from Circularity: Assessing the Capacity of Circular Economy Policy Packages in the Operation of Raw Materials and Industrial Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4394
Author(s):  
Margarita Ignatyeva ◽  
Vera Yurak ◽  
Alexey Dushin ◽  
Vladimir Strovsky ◽  
Sergey Zavyalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Degree Level ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays, circular economy (CE) is on the agenda, however, this concept of closed supply chains originated in the 1960s. The current growing quantity of studies in this area accounts for different discourses except the holistic one, which mixes both approaches—contextual and operating (contextual approach utilizes the thorough examination of the CE theory, stricture of the policy, etc.; the operating one uses any kind of statistical data)—to assess the capacity of circular economy regulatory policy packages (CERPP) in operating raw materials and industrial wastes. This article demonstrates new guidelines for assessing the degree level of capacity (DLC) of CERPPs in the operation of raw materials and industrial wastes by utilizing the apparatus of the fuzzy set theory. It scrupulously surveys current CERPPs in three regions: the EU overall, Finland and Russia; and assesses for eight regions—the EU overall, Finland, Russia, China, Greece, France, the Netherlands and South Korea—the DLC of CERPPs in operating raw materials and industrial wastes. The results show that EU is the best in CE policy and its CERPP is 3R. The following are South Korea and China with the same type of CERPP. Finland, France and the Netherlands have worse results than EU with the type of CERPP called “integrated waste management” because of the absence of a waste hierarchy (reduce, recover, recycle). Russia closes the list with the type of CERPP “basic waste management”.

scholarly journals MEASURING THE PROGRESS TOWARDS CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Nicolae Pintilie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Continuous Actions ◽  
Consumption Waste

This paper aims to create an image of progress towards circular economy registered by European Union countries through specific indicators. In this way, this paper is based on the study and analysis of the 13 indicators, grouped on 4 pillars: Production and consumption, Waste management, Secondary raw materials, Competitiveness and innovation. After the presentation of the methodology, the paper develops an analysis in time and space of the selected indicators, then an analysis of the countries with their grouping on clusters, creating a map of them and highlighting the current situation of circular economy in the European Union. Moreover, the paper also presents the evolution of the countries regarding circular economy, which has a big importance taking into account that in the European Union the preoccupations for this concept is higher from one period to another. Among the most interesting results are: (1) a massive concentration of countries with problems for Waste management pillar; (2) Europe is one of the regions with the largest contribution in terms of circular economy, but the concept is developing differently from one country to another; (3) The scoreboard evolution is particularly useful in revealing the continuous actions adopted by countries in order to facilitate the conversion to circular economy. Finally, the paper presents possible limits of the research, but also future directions of its development.

scholarly journals Application of the circular economy in the industrial scrapmanagement process: a case study in the Açu Port Complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Messias Sodré Cunha ◽  
Jully do Nascimento Germano ◽  
Gustavo Tavares Machado ◽  
Frank Pavan de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Environmental Treatment ◽  
Environmental Development

The main proposal of the circular economy is to change the concept of "garbage" fromWaste that was structured in this project and replaced by a continuous and cyclical vision of the production, in which resources are no longer just explored and discarded and are now reused in a new Cycle. The Circular Economy encourages new management practices, creating opportunities and value for organizations in harmony with the environment. This article aims to analyze the feasibility of implementing Circular Economy methods, with an emphasis on controlling scrap disposal in the Açu Port Complex (São Joãoda Barra/RJ), bringing sustainable alternatives to Waste Management. In addition to evaluating its environmental and economic efficiency, it proposes to end the linear production process and reinsert waste into the production cycle to minimize environmental treatment and the extraction of raw materials. The investigation will start through specific exploratory research, bringing as a consequence, possible economic alternatives for the reuse of these materials. The research is also classified as descriptiveand case study since a survey of real information on waste management in the Açu Port Complex will be carried out. It is hoped through this research to demonstrate how the circular economy can contribute to economic, social, and environmental development when used in an interdisciplinary way by productive activities.

scholarly journals Promoting the Circular Economy via Waste-to-Power (WTP) in Taiwan

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Tien Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
The Status

The waste management sector significantly contributes to emissions of ambient air pollutants and greenhouse gases, especially in sanitary landfills. In this regard, Taiwan is moving toward a circular economy society via resource recycling and waste-to-power (WTP) in the waste management. In the past decade, the recycling rate of general waste (including recyclable waste, kitchen waste, and bulk waste) increased from 40.97% in 2008 to 60.22% in 2017. On the other hand, 24 large-scale waste incineration plants gained about 2.5 TW-h of net electricity generation, based on 6.25 million metric tons of waste incinerated in 2017. The objectives of this paper are to update the status of waste generation and its WTP in Taiwan. Based on these updated data, the preliminary benefit analysis of WTP showed annual benefits of equivalent electricity charge of around $US 3.3 × 108 (using the feed-in-tariff rate 3.8945 NTD$/kW-h; 1 $US ≈ 30 NTD$) and equivalent CO2 mitigation of about 1.4 million metric tons (using the electricity emissions factor 0.55 kg CO2 equivalent/kW-h). In order to gain environmental, energy, and economic benefits, the regulatory and technological measures for promoting WTP are briefly summarized to create another low-carbon society in Taiwan.

Assessment of environmental and economic benefits of packaging waste system in Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Francesco Colelli ◽  
Edoardo Croci
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Avoided Emissions ◽  
Social Costs And Benefits

The paper quantifies social costs and social benefits of packaging waste management system in Italy from 2015 to 2030. Future social costs and benefits are estimated based on the growth of waste generated and on the stringency of recycling and landfilling targets. Packaging waste generation is projected based on macroeconomic factors, consumer practices and technological eco-innovations. Social benefits are derived by the reduction of externalities' correspondent to the achievement of packaging waste management targets. We quantify two environmental ben-efits: avoided emissions and raw materials saved. We find that social costs may rise substan-tially in the future, as total system's operations costs in 2030 may increase by 48% with re-spect to 2015, due to the growth in the quantities of packaging waste generated. Meeting recy-cling and landfilling targets set by the new Circular Economy Package would imply a further 5% increase in total social costs in 2015. This latter increase is more than compensated by so-cial benefits related to the reduction in externalities due to more stringent targets.

scholarly journals Middle East’s circular economy expectations for the next ten years

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Firas Al Kufy
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The World

This study provides an overview of waste management through circular economy in Middle East. Waste management has become a worldwide problem since humans are wasting resources as well as raw materials. This is the biggest problem faced by the humans on Earth that is getting attention of government representatives from all over the world. Recently, Middle East has also showed concerns regarding the amount of waste produced. Thus, several government representatives of Middle East have voiced their opinions and have taken an initiative to adopt this model. This article is based on the adoption of the model of circular economy in the countries of Middle East. This article explains the challenges that Middle East needs to be aware of for successful implementation of this model.

scholarly journals Waste management system in Romania – status and development for bioeconomy

2019 ◽  
pp. 293-300
Author(s):  
Steliana Rodino ◽  
Marian Butu ◽  
Raluca Ion
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Management Hierarchy ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Water And Soil Pollution ◽  
Superior Level

The waste management strategies released and applied in EU countries endeavor to achieve the improvement of natural resources use and efficiency towards reducing the air, water and soil pollution due to improper waste disposal or treatment. This paper is a blueprint on waste generation and waste management Policies, Laws and strategies existing in Romania compared to EU countries. According to Directive 2008/98/EC Waste, is defined as “any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard”. One of the main principles of waste management strategies is to be able to process the waste generated towards reaching as up as possible the Waste Management Hierarchy. From the circular economy concept point of view, the incorrect treatment of waste is representing an important loss of resources, both in raw materials and energy and therefore recycling and reuse should reach a superior level every year.

Evaluation and development of Korea’s national plan for resource circulation towards a circular economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1129-1146
Author(s):  
Sora Yi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Final Disposal ◽  
Resource Productivity ◽  
Resource Circulation

In light of the growing attention to the need for establishing a lifecycle-oriented circular economy and to promote resource circulation to maximize the utilization of limited resources, this paper presents a case study on setting-up new national-level indicators and targets in accordance to the shift in the national waste management paradigm from waste treatment to resource circulation, which is being initiated in multiple countries around the world. Specifically, using the case of Korea, which recently implemented its new Framework Act for Resource Circulation, this study illustrates the process for setting new indicators and projecting Korea’s waste management based on the indicators developed in this study. The five main indicators suggested are the final disposal rate, actual recycling rate, waste to energy recovery rate, resource circulation rate, and resource productivity, and their precise definitions and calculation methods and the necessary revision in national statistical data collection for obtaining the required data for the indicators are discussed. For the effective delivery of the policies in the long term, the annual targets for the indicators and overall strategies for promoting resource circulation are proposed based on the predictions for future population growth and waste generation. With continuous effort from 2018 to 2027, it is expected that Korea will be able to reduce its final disposal rate from 8.7% to 3.0% and increase its actual recycling rate from 76.4% to 82.0%, waste to energy recovery rate from 6.95% to 12.66%, resource circulation rate to 14.0% to 16.4%, and resource productivity to 630 USD/ton to 1900 USD/ton.

scholarly journals Using Recycled Materials in Packagings to Meet the Goals of Circular Economy

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Kazulytė
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials

Packaging waste that is not recycled or reused has a negative environmental effects and presents serious concern. At the same time, various secondary raw materials, which were used to produce packaging from recycled materials, can affect human health and the environment because they can contain harmful chemical substances. For this reason, it is necessary to investigate the existence of hazardous chemicals in recycled materials. This paper analyzes issues related to the production of packaging by using materials from recycled packaging waste with a focus on the influence of the hazardous substances that the waste may contain. This paper presents the results of a survey interviewing packaging manufacturers who use recycled materials in packaging, revealing problems that packaging manufacturers face in the manufacturing of packaging from recycled materials.

scholarly journals Subsurface waste management in the conditions of circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Anatolyevna Mochalova ◽  
Olga Gennadievna Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Waste Minimization ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Mining Enterprise

The article is devoted to the consideration of modern approaches to the subsurface waste management and the integrated development of the mineral resources base, the development of which requires consideration of the environmental, industrial, technological and economic aspects of this issue. The authors of the article note that it is advisable to use such modern management technologies as circular business models, 3R and 5R concepts, as well as logistics methods of waste management for the waste management of enterprises of the mineral resources sector. These technologies make it possible to form an eco-industrial symbiosis, the main object of which is a mining enterprise connected with other symbiosis objects by material flows. The authors are convinced that the successful functioning of eco-industrial symbiosis will lead to the maximum use of subsurface waste, minimization of their storage and disposal volumes, and, ultimately, will contribute to the integrated use of mineral raw materials.

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