THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP AND SOCIAL TIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
M.N. Makarova ◽  
A.K. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Peer Leadership ◽  
Strength Of Weak Ties ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Transformation Leadership

The sociological aspects of studying human capital, leadership and social ties, are considered in this article. Sociological theories of human capital consider it in its connection with social capital that can be defined as an engagement in social relations, units and networks giving one some benefits. Social ties are the resource of development of human capital. The article shows that human capital can be evaluated from sociological perspective through the role of a creative class and new forms of ties that constitute integration on the intergroup level (weak ties). Such forms of communication significantly expand the sphere of opportunities for human development. The leadership acquires new functions of building nodes of networks that establish and develop social ties on different levels, and contribute to social transformation. Leadership networks demonstrate strength of weak ties that allows leaders to reach their goals through collaboration and sharing information with their own kind and to broad the scope of their activity. There are four types of leadership networks: peer leadership networks, organizational leadership networks, field-policy leadership networks, and collective leadership networks. Study of the leadership networks helps to research forms of communications, factors influencing their intensity, trust among the network’s actors etc. Analysis of the leadership networks includes such objectives as definition of network structure; their dynamics; evaluating ways of communications, and impacts of changes that occur as the result of their activity. Network analysis allows finding out the core and peripheral agents of network, and strong and weak ties between them.

Managing everyday communication with strong, weak, and latent ties via WeChat: Availability, visibility, and reciprocal engagement

2021 ◽  
pp. 205015792098232
Author(s):  
Fiona Huijie Zeng Skovhøj
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Strength Of Weak Ties ◽  
Everyday Communication

This article examines how people utilize WeChat, the most popular multi-purpose mobile app in China, to manage their everyday communication with different social ties. Since Granovetter popularized the idea of social ties by noting the strength of weak ties, a long list of studies has extended social ties theory by following the quantification tradition, for instance, quantitatively examining the different functionalities of strong and weak ties. However, many aspects of social ties cannot be easily quantified. In this vein, this study, being a qualitative network analysis, offers a communicative conception and categorization of social ties. It is based on data from 39 distinctive Chinese respondents, collected through an interview-diary-interview method. WeChat, being more than a social media app, affords new technologies (e.g., mobile payment and virtual red packets), enabling users to manage and maintain their social networks in new and alternative ways. The empirical findings suggest that Chinese respondents differentiate between strong, weak, and latent ties, and they articulate three communication strategies: managing availability, managing visibility, and managing reciprocal engagement. Based on the empirical evidence, this article discusses further implications with reference to the concepts of imagined audiences and commercialization of social relations. Moreover, this study contributes to social ties theory by providing empirical insights into its cultural specifications in the context of China, such as the emphasis on the principle of reciprocity in guanxi culture.

scholarly journals Protest engagement: weak vs strong social ties

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Ruslana Moskotina
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Strength Of Weak Ties ◽  
The One

This article dwells upon the importance of finding methods and ways of studying protest behaviour that can explain its emergence. Protest behaviour is considered as the result of protest engagement. It is assumed that there are social ties between individuals, potential protesters. M. Granovetter proposes to distinguish strong ties and weak ties. Strong ties tend to form closed and cohesive groups but weak ties can be the bridges that match groups and/or individuals. The author of this article conducts a research with applying a method of agent-based modelling. Its aim is to test the Granovetter’s thesis about the strength of weak ties towards protest behaviour. In this research the linear threshold model is used. Our research with applying method of the agent-based modelling includes the computer experiments (simulations) with the social networks. There are generated five networks, three of which contain only strong ties and the rest of the networks contain only weak ties. Simulations with the networks allow us to determine the number of inactive agents that are involved in the protest, the speed of the protest engagement and the effectiveness of overcoming the resistance of inactive agents. It is found that both weak ties and strong ties can determine protest behaviour. Strong ties contribute to a quicker protest engagement. Weak ties can better overcome the resistance of inactive agents. At the same time weak ties slow down the process of the protest engagement and strong ties are generally less effective in overcoming the resistance of inactive agents. Agent-based modelling helps us to conduct the fundamental research. On the one hand we test Granovetter’s thesis about the strength of weak ties towards protest behaviour. On the other hand we cannot draw conclusions about protest behaviour in Ukraine. But we can conduct an empirical sociological study in order to test the results of our research and understand its relevance towards protest behaviour in Ukraine.

scholarly journals The influence of intangible forms of capital on farms 

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
M. Lošťák
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Types Of Knowledge

Intangible issues, which are often very difficult to be quantified become more and more the field of interest of social sciences. There are many research works demonstrating that various types of knowledge, institutions, social networks, and social relations have a great influence on human activities as for efficient achievement of the actors’ goals. This paper relates expert knowledge (shaping professional qualification) to human capital and tacit knowledge (understood as a broader, general, and contextual knowledge) to cultural capital. Both forms of capital exist in their primary form only in concrete individual persons. Concerning collective persons (firm, community), cultural and human capitals are transformed into intellectual capital. Work with specific knowledge, tacit knowledge and capitals corresponding to them shows the role of social networks and social capital in their organization. Using the analysis of two farms based on natural experiment, the paper demonstrates the role of tacit knowledge and cultural capital (opposing to the overestimated role of expert knowledge and human capital). The conclusions outline social determination of both types of knowledge through social networks and social capital needed for an efficient work of a farm. 

scholarly journals The Strength of Weak Ties: Role of Networks in Nepali Migration to South and Southeast Asia 1900-2000

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-47
Author(s):  
Lopita Nath
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Strength Of Weak Ties

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bodhi.v4i1.5809Bodhi 2010 4(1): 18-47

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN ACHIEVING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES OF TURKEY AND UAE

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
NIMA ALFARRA NIMA ALFARRA
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Years Of Service ◽  
Definition Of

This study aims to examine the reality of intellectual capital in the private universities of Turkey and UAE and the role of intellectual capital in enhancing their competitive advantage. In this regard, the study explores the extent to which each element of intellectual capital influences the competitive advantage of the universities under the study and whether there is a difference between universities in how to manage the intellectual capital that they own. Accordingly, the study first explains the definition of intellectual capital and its elements (human capital, structural capital, relational capital), as well as the definition of the competitive advantage and its dimensions and fields of achievement in the universities under the study. Besides, it also investigates the relationship between the administrative procedures followed by these universities in the management of intellectual capital and in enhancing their competitive advantage from several aspects (innovation, quality, flexibility, development, and quality of service). The study relied on the selection of a simple convenience sampling method of the population of private universities in Turkey and UAE by a descriptive analytical approach, so a survey was made to verify the approaches in the theoretical frameworks of the intellectual capital and its relation to the dependent variables, which is the competitive advantage. The hypotheses were tested based on statistical analysis programs. The statistical analysis points to several important results and implications. Findings of the study reveal that there is a statistically significant relationship between the ability of the private universities in Turkey and UAE to manage their intellectual capital and enhance their competitive advantage, while the management of human capital, structural capital, and relational capital seem to have a similar impact rate on the Turkish and UAE private universities in enhancing their competitive advantage. Findings of the study further indicates that there is no statistically significant difference in the average responses of sample members on the level of the availability of intellectual capital requirements and achievement of competitive advantage in the private universities in Turkey and UAE due to some variables like gender, age, qualifications, years of service, years of service in the current position, job title.

Movement Intellectuals in Popular Music

2018 ◽  
pp. 286-304
Author(s):  
Robert John Razzante
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Music Literacy ◽  
Counter Narratives ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
Definition Of

Institutions of higher education continue to face the pressing values of neoliberalism. As such, colleges and universities seek to produce human capital. Critical media literacy offers one means of education to challenge neoliberal assumptions. However, current research lacks a conceptual understanding of how musical artists can serve as critical pedagogues through their music. The current chapter seeks to understand the role of movement intellectuals in popular music among educators. More specifically, this chapter proposes the following definition of a movement intellectual in popular music: an artist who observes, collects and disseminates warranted counter-narratives through the medium of their music. Ultimately, through exploring germinal and contemporary literature, this chapter attempts to offer a language for talking about critical music literacy as a means to challenge nihilism within the environment of a neoliberal higher education.

Job-Finding among the Poor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Susan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Job Information ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Job Finding

This article examines whether social ties play a significant role in job seeking by poor people. A number of studies provide evidence that in relative and absolute terms, the poor rely heavily on social networks for job-finding. Without networks, poor job seekers are significantly less likely to find work. After considering what kinds of ties help the poor get ahead, this article discusses the role of weak ties as a source of job information and influence. It then explores the link between employment outcomes and network structure and composition as well as how people make leveraging ties, and how might this process of tie formation inform our understanding of network inequality. It also asks why leveraging ties are effective and concludes with an assessment of conditions that facilitate social capital activation.

Social investment: Diffusing ideas for redesigning citizenship after neo-liberalism?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Laruffa
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Minimal State ◽  
Economic Rationale ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Understanding

Social investment has become the dominant approach to welfare reform in Europe and elsewhere. Scholars supporting this perspective have argued that it represents a paradigm shift from neo-liberalism – defined as the ideology of the minimal state and welfare retrenchment. This article challenges this claim, arguing that this definition of neo-liberalism is simplistic and empirically weak. It states that under a more accurate definition, social investment reflects four characteristics of neo-liberalism: the de-politicisation of the economy and of welfare reform; the economic understanding of the state; the extension of economic rationale to non-economic domains; and the anthropology of human capital. Taking this view, while social investment is preferable to welfare retrenchment, it promotes the same kind of citizenship as neo-liberalism, especially in terms of the marginalisation of the role of democracy in regulating the economy.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED APPROACH TO IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Валентина Халиулина ◽  
Valentina Khaliulina ◽  
В. Шабашев ◽  
V. Shabashev ◽  
С. Шабашева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Constituent Elements

<p>The article deals with the constituent elements of the human capital and their influence on the development of the region. It stresses the special role of health as an important component of human capital in increasing production efficiency. The paper describes the current approaches to the definition of labor and human resources at the individual and community level (enterprise, region, society). It features the directions of their rational use in the case of transport enterprises of Kemerovo-city and the Kemerovo region. The authors give specific proposals for its improvement. The study involves a sociological survey revealing the motivation of the personnel as<br />well as facts of violations in the sphere of labor relations, and their interconnection. Attention is focused on ways to counteract the management of enterprises in case of violation of labor rights. The authors emphasize the need for social responsibility in the<br />maintenance and development of human capital, especially the need for an integrated approach to the effective use of human capital in the region.</p>

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