scholarly journals Impact of Anthropic Pressure on the Quality and Diversity of Groundwater in the Region of Sighus Oum-El-Bouaghi and El Rahmounia, Algeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-105
Author(s):  
HADJAB RAMZI ◽  
KHAMMAR HICHEM ◽  
REDJAIMIA LYLIA ◽  
MERZOUG DJEMOI ◽  
SAHEB MENOUAR
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aquatic Fauna ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Anthropic Pressure

Groundwater of Oum-El-Bouaghi and its surroundings hosts a variety of microflora and fauna. This study investigated the relationship between the effect of human activity and the biodiversity and distribution of aquatic fauna in two semi-arid regions Sighus region (Oum-El-Bouaghi) and El Rahmouni (Constantine) in north-eastern Algeria. Fourteen wells and six springs were studied in two hydrographic basins, that of Constantine and Seybouse Melegue. Significant differences were revealed between the wells and springs in the two watersheds, making it possible to distinguish four groups of wells and two groups of springs. The overall faunal richness of the stations appeared to be weakly correlated with water quality, but on the other hand, the specific richness of the stygoby fauna, and even more so the abundance of stygoby species, decreased when water quality deteriorated.

scholarly journals Analysis of trend rainfall: Case of North-Eastern Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dounia Mrad ◽  
Yassine Djebbar ◽  
Yahia Hammar
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Magnitude Estimate ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Distance Weighting ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
Annual Scale ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractThe climatic change is a reality largely recognized today in the scientific community. Nevertheless, its impact on precipitation, especially on annual, monthly and seasonally rainfall in arid and semi-arid regions is not yet certain. Indeed, very few studies have dealt with this matter in Algeria.In this context to examine spatial distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall an attempt has been made using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method. Trends and magnitude estimate of change in rainfall series were detected by Mann–Kendall tests and Sen's test slope, has been applied to the data registered of 35 stations in the watershed Constantinois Seybouse Mellegue (CSM) North-Eastern Algeria over a period of 43 years (1969–2012).Results from spatial plot of annual rainfall showed that the rainfall increases with altitude, but is higher for the stations exposed to moist winds. It also increases from east to west and conversely decreases as one moves away from the coast to the south. From statistical method showed that there are increase trends at 95% confidence at annual scale in some rainfall stations with high altitude and coastal stations during winter season.

scholarly journals Human activity impact on surface water quality in semi-arid regions: a case study of Aïnzeda lake (North-East Algeria)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1726-1744
Author(s):  
Abdelhafid Mebarkia ◽  
Abdelmadjid Boufekane
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
North East ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Water resources scarcity in Algeria, their fragility and their unequal distribution have resulted in a serious shortage, which, in spite of all the efforts, seems inevitable. This study consists of evaluating the impact of human activity on the water quality of Aïnzeda lake (NE Algeria), a typical case study of the difficulties posed by the problem of surface water quality in semi-arid regions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the trend method were applied to interpret the physico-chemical data of monthly analyzed samples, over a 25-year period (1988–2012). The trend method results show that most chemical elements have a direct relationship with urbanization and agricultural practices in the area. The change in the watershed climatic conditions (increase of 9% in air temperature, 7% in the lake water temperature, and decrease of 8% in precipitation) is also responsible for the degradation of the water quality. The PCA shows that salinization (51.73%), and anthropogenic and agricultural pollution (13.49%) are the most significant degradation factors. These two approaches have enabled us to prove that aridity and anthropogenic or agricultural activities have a negative impact on the lake's surface water quality.

Agronomic characteristics, silage quality, intake and digestibility of five new Brazilian sorghum cultivars

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. A. NEVES ◽  
R. D. SANTOS ◽  
L. G. R. PEREIRA ◽  
G. F. OLIVEIRA ◽  
C. B. SCHERER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Semi Arid

SUMMARYForage sorghum (FS) (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) is a key feed source for ruminants owing to its high yield and drought tolerance. The present paper assessed the agronomic characteristics, silage quality, intake and digestibility of five new Brazilian sorghum cultivars (BRS Ponta Negra variety, BRS 655 hybrid, BR 601 hybrid, BRS 506 variety and BRS 610 hybrid). Forages were grown (randomized complete block design) in a typical Brazilian north-eastern semi-arid climate, irrigated with 267 mm water, harvested as plants reached the soft dough stage of grain maturity and ensiled under laboratory and farm conditions. Apparent digestibility of the silages was determined using 25 Santa Inês lambs. BRS 506 outperformed the other cultivars in dry matter (DM) and digestible DM yields/ha. BRS 506 exhibited the lowest neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents and the highestin vitrodry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the cultivars examined. BRS 655 produced the lowest level of lactic acid and the highest pH and ammonia-N concentration. There was no difference in intake or digestibility of DM among cultivars. Silages produced from BRS Ponta Negra resulted in higher crude protein (CP) intake than BRS 655. Silages made from BRS 506 and BRS Ponta Negra resulted in a greater digestibility of CP than those produced from BRS 655. Intake of NDF in silages generated from BRS Ponta Negra and BRS 610 was higher than that found in other cultivars. Although an average Brazilian North-eastern FS exhibited similar characteristics to other cultivars grown in dry regions around the world, the results indicated that BRS 506 had a yield advantage and higher nutritive value under Brazilian semi-arid conditions as compared to the other cultivars examined.

scholarly journals Effects of model calibration on hydrological and water resources management simulations under climate change in a semi-arid watershed

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagen Koch ◽  
Ana Lígia Chaves Silva ◽  
Stefan Liersch ◽  
José Roberto Gonçalves de Azevedo ◽  
Fred Fokko Hattermann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractSemi-arid regions are known for erratic precipitation patterns with significant effects on the hydrological cycle and water resources availability. High temporal and spatial variation in precipitation causes large variability in runoff over short durations. Due to low soil water storage capacity, base flow is often missing and rivers fall dry for long periods. Because of its climatic characteristics, the semi-arid north-eastern region of Brazil is prone to droughts. To counter these, reservoirs were built to ensure water supply during dry months. This paper describes problems and solutions when calibrating and validating the eco-hydrological model SWIM for semi-arid regions on the example of the Pajeú watershed in north-eastern Brazil. The model was calibrated to river discharge data before the year 1983, with no or little effects of water management, applying a simple and an enhanced approach. Uncertainties result mainly from the meteorological data and observed river discharges. After model calibration water management was included in the simulations. Observed and simulated reservoir volumes and river discharges are compared. The calibrated and validated models were used to simulate the impacts of climate change on hydrological processes and water resources management using data of two representative concentration pathways (RCP) and five earth system models (ESM). The differences in changes in natural and managed mean discharges are negligible (< 5%) under RCP8.5 but notable (> 5%) under RCP2.6 for the ESM ensemble mean. In semi-arid catchments, the enhanced approach should be preferred, because in addition to discharge, a second variable, here evapotranspiration, is considered for model validation.

scholarly journals Seed Germination of selected Taxa from Kachchh Desert, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Madhukar RAOLE ◽  
Aruna Girish JOSHI ◽  
Sandhya Kiran GARGE ◽  
Rinku Jitendrakumar DESAI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Semi Arid

The district of Kachchh contains many culturally important plants. However, their conservation status is little known due to direct and indirect human activities. This study was undertaken with the aim of contributing to the conservation of the native species of these semi-arid regions through germination trials under laboratory conditions. Mature fruits of ten selected species were collected randomly from the known habitats to obtain viable seeds. These seeds were pre-treated with growth regulators singly or in combination after acid scarification or without scarification. Seeds were found to be dormant due to presence of thick seed coat or due to low level of endogenous hormonal level. Most of these seeds required different storage period to mature. Only seeds of Capparis cartilaginea germinated without treatment while the other species required treatments. Addition of growth regulators has enhanced seed germination in few taxa singly and in some plant cases in combination.

scholarly journals A Tool for the Evaluation of Irrigation Water Quality in the Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Bortolini ◽  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Maurizio Borin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Semi Arid

Prevalence and intensity of Paramphistomum daubneyi infections in cattle from north-eastern Algeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Titi ◽  
A. Mekroud ◽  
S. Sedraoui ◽  
P. Vignoles ◽  
D. Rondelaud
Keyword(s):  
Worm Burden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

AbstractParasitological investigations on ruminal paramphistomosis were carried out in 2033 cattle over a 14-month period in three Algerian slaughterhouses to determine the prevalence and intensity of this disease. The prevalence of infection varied from different slaughterhouses (1.2% at El Khroub, 7.5% at Ferdjioua and 12.1% at Jijel). The worm burden was significantly higher in cattle from El Khroub than for those slaughtered in the other two sites (a mean of 984.1 parasites compared with 87.5 and 140.7 at Jijel and Ferdjioua, respectively). No significant correlation between prevalence, intensity of infection and age of cattle was noted. Overall, females were significantly more infected than males, whereas the sex of animals was independent of worm burdens recovered in slaughtered cattle. The climatic conditions of provinces in which the slaughterhouses were located (a more temperate climate for Jijel and semiarid conditions for the other two provinces) may partly explain variations noted in prevalence and intensity of infection. The present results will contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology of Paramphistomum daubneyi infections in north-eastern Algeria.

scholarly journals Review of groundwater potentials and groundwater hydrochemistry of semi-arid Hadejia-Yobe Basin, North-eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadu Umar Wali ◽  
Ibrahim Mustapha Dankani ◽  
Sheikh Danjuma Abubakar ◽  
Murtala Abubakar Gada ◽  
Abdulqadir Abubakar Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Metal Pollution Index ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Groundwater Hydrochemistry ◽  
Hydrochemical Composition ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Understanding the hydrochemical and hydrogeological physiognomies of subsurface water in a semi-arid region is important for the effective management of water resources. This paper presents a thorough review of the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Hadejia-Yobe basin. The hydrochemical and hydrogeological configurations as reviewed indicated that the Chad Formation is the prolific aquifer in the basin.  Boreholes piercing the Gundumi formation have a depth ranging from 20-85 meters.  The hydrochemical composition of groundwater revealed water of excellent quality, as all the studied parameters were found to have concentrations within WHO and  Nigeria’s standard for drinking water quality.  However,  further studies are required for further evaluation of water quality index, heavy metal pollution index, and irrigation water quality. Also, geochemical, and stable isotope analysis is required for understanding the provenance of salinity and hydrogeochemical controls on groundwater in the basin.

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