scholarly journals Environmental Management and Monitoring of Mining Operation in Lao PDR

2014 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Phengkhamla Phonvisai ◽  
Jiragorn Gajaseni
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Eradication Strategy ◽  
Mining Projects ◽  
The Government

Overall, mining projects make a significant contribution to gross of domestic product (GDP) in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). Benefits include increased export revenues, provision of royalty and tax income to the government, technology transfer, worker training and the creation of a skilled workforce. This can also lead to improved social, physical, legal and financial infrastructure due to development around the mining areas such as roads, electricity and water distribution. Managed properly, economic benefits from mining projects can benefit future generations,even after operations have ceased. For Lao PDR, rapid expansion of the mining sector is seen as vital to economic development. In the National Socio-Economic Development Plan, mining was prioritized as a key sector to help Lao PDR achieve its goal to graduate from its status as least developed country by 2020. Government revenues from mining projects are a major contributor to the country’s National Growth and Poverty Eradication Strategy. Environmental management and monitoring of the operations of mining projects are essential in order to identify and mitigate potential negative environmental impacts. Such impacts may be minimized through the use of mining industry best practice as well as compliance with Government of Laos (GoL) and international environmental standards and regulations. The environmental management and monitoring process first identifies and quantifies potential impacts of a mine’s operation on land, water, atmospheric and biological resources, as well as on human settlements. Secondly,measures are proposed to avoid or mitigate identified adverse impacts, including a specific requirement for a mine closure and rehabilitation plan.

scholarly journals ANALISIS POTENSI AGROWISATA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI LOKAL DI KAWASAN PANORAMA BARU KOTA BUKITTINGGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Nana Lili Andriani ◽  
Fashbir Noor Sidin ◽  
Melinda Noer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
The City

Agrotourism is the most beneficial form of tourism for regional development because it can be used as a strategy for local economic development as well as for the preservation of local natural and cultural resources. With the concept of local economic development, in the formulation of its policy to use the maximum potential of the local potential for agrotourism development. Panorama Baru is one of the areas that has long been directed to become an agro-tourism area in the city of Bukittinggi but its development is still very limited so it has not been able to provide economic benefits for the local community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and potential that exists as a guide for more operational planning for development actors so that agrotourism can contribute to local economic development. The data analysis method uses descriptive analysis to identify regional characteristics and spatial analysis to see the potential distribution. The results show that Panorama Baru has characteristics suitable for agro-tourism development and until now there are still many potentials that can be developed into agro-tourism attractions. Agro-tourism development is directed at a community-based model but still requires serious support from the government and other stakeholders. 

scholarly journals Administrative and Tax Regimes in the Russian Far East: Cooperation between Investors and the State

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-33
Author(s):  
Maksim Krivelevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The State ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Far East

Administrative and tax regimes Free ‘Port of Vladivostok (SPV)’ and ‘Territories of Advanced Social and Economic Development (TOR)’ have become a key mechanism for reconciling the interests of the state and investors within the state policy to stimulate the economic development of the Russian Far East. However, significant proportion of projects remains unfulfilled. The state almost always receives less budgetary efficiency than initially planned. The article proposes a model of the coordination of the interests between the investor and the state based on preliminary financial modeling of projects. The interaction between the investor and the state was studied in terms of Game theory. For discrete modeling on the side of the investor it is proposed to use an approach based on Bayes’ theorem. For a one-time assessment of the economic benefits of the project, applied by the state, the technology for evaluation of option’s premium based on the Black-Scholes theorem can be used. For each potential resident of the TOR or SPV, the calculations must be made individually, but the proposed model allows us to draw several general conclusions, which can be applied as we aim to grow the cooperation between investors and the government while using the administrative and tax regimes in consideration. It is recommended to regulate the amount of infrastructure support for projects depending on their expected budgetary efficiency. The development of the government’s strategy of differentiated support for residents of TOR or SPV can change the balance of risks and benefits for potential investors and attract significant amount of foreign direct investment into the economy of the Pacific Russia. For potential TOR residents, the proposed methodology will be useful as a tool to substantiate their claims for state support, which will allow ‘real’ projects to avoid competition for land or electricity with ‘fictitious’ ones

Applying AHP to Evaluate Hydropower Projects of Lao PDR in Implementation of the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 768-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bounkham Vorachit ◽  
Phanarut Srichetta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Monitoring Plan ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
The Government ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Decision Alternatives

Environmental protection is a major issue that is critical to the sustainable development of the country. The government of Lao PDR is taking the energy plan into consideration in order to manage and mitigate the negative impacts and to monitor the mitigation programs. Usually, the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report contains the terms and conditions with which the project developers must comply. In order to ensure that a project developer fully implements its commitment under EMMP, the MoNRE of Lao PDR have developed an environmental monitoring guideline and checklist which contains key indicators and parameters to be used by the monitoring authorities. The objective of this study is to evaluate the implementation of EMMP performed by 5 hydropower projects existing in Lao PDR, namely, Nam Thurn2, Nam Thurn Hinboun, Nam Ngum2, Num Lik1-2 and Num Ngum5. This study analyzed the monitoring data under multiple parameters including water quality, fish and fisheries, waste and pollution, watershed, downstream river flow, camp sites and construction sites, and reports, undertaken by different inspectors. The Analytic Hierarch Process (AHP) is accepted to be a powerful and flexible method for ranking decision alternatives and selecting the best ones when the decision makers have multiple criteria. Therefore, it is a selected tool used for determining the optimal hydropower project in Lao PDR based on the collected monitoring data. A case study was conducted to understand which one could be considered as the environmental friendly project and which parameter has the importance role to the accomplishment of project development.

scholarly journals From Zaire to the R. D. Congo: the old Termite Hill flattened by the Wind of the Savanna

Afrika Focus ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Kennes
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
General Context ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Internal Sources ◽  
The Government

This article concentrates mainly on the internal sources of the rapid breakdown of the Zairian state apparatus, deliberately not taking into account regional and international support for the warring parties. The Zairian state has been unable to manage its internal contradictions. This was driven to an extreme in the Kivu region, where the deeply seated crisis of representation was never adequately resolved. The absence of conflict-regulating institutions at the regional level was one enabling element for the rapid expansion of the Kivu conflict into its regional and international ramifications. Another was the absence of any workable political alternative to armed struggle on the national level; neither the opposition, nor the government or the presidency was able to impose itself. In the general context of state decay, part of which was the implosion of the army, newcomers in the mining industry have initiated a take-over of key sectors of the Zairian economy, probably inducing a new mode of governance in the country.KEY-WORDS: Congo, economy, politics, Zaire 

scholarly journals Strengthening Disaster Response and Resilience in Lao PDR - A Decade of Learning Since Typhoon Ketsana

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Dina Vivona ◽  
◽  
Manivanh Suyavong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender

When the southern provinces of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) were hit by Typhoon Ketsana in September 2009, it brought devastation and destruction to over 200,000 people. The impacts of the disaster only exacerbated the social and economic vulnerabilities Lao PDR was already facing as a Least Developed Country. Despite the challenges encountered by emergency response teams and aid workers, the Government of Lao PDR used the lessons learnt to improve humanitarian response planning and strengthen community-based disaster resilience. This review seeks to evaluate the progress made in disaster risk management in Lao PDR since Typhoon Ketsana, and analyze the impacts a gender analysis conducted by Oxfam Australia had on mainstreaming inclusive and gender-responsive approaches to disaster risk reduction. It will also provide key recommendations to support the continuous development of community-based disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals Du Zaïre a la R.D. Du Congo : La Vieille Termitiere Terrassee par le Vent de la Savane

Afrika Focus ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 31-77
Author(s):  
Erik Ennes
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
General Context ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Internal Sources ◽  
The Government

From Zaire to the R.D. Congo: The Old Termite Hill Flattened by the Wind of the Savanna This article concentrates mainly on the internal sources of the rapid breakdown of the Zairian state apparatus, deliberately not taking into account regional and international support for the warring parties. The Zairian state has been unable to manage its internal contradictions. This was driven to an extreme in the Kivu region, where the deeply seated crisis of representation was never adequately resolved. The absence of conflict-regulating institutions at the regional level was one enabling element for the rapid expansion of the Kivu conflict into •its regional and international ramifications. Another was the absence of any workable political alternative to armed struggle on the national level; neither the opposition, nor the government or the presidency was able to impose itself. In the general context of state decay, part of which was the implosion of the army, newcomers in the mining industry have initiated a take-over of key sectors of the Zairian economy, probably inducing a new mode of governance in the country.

Peculiarities of Modern Dynamics of the Global Economy

2010 ◽  
pp. 78-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Klinov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Long Waves ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Business Taxation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
China And India ◽  
World Economic

Rates and factors of modern world economic growth and the consequences of rapid expansion of the economies of China and India are analyzed in the article. Modification of business cycles and long waves of economic development are evaluated. The need of reforming business taxation is demonstrated.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

Artificial Intelligence as a Technological Innovation to Accelerate Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Shchurina ◽  
A. S. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: India. By Jagdish N. Bhagwati and T.N. Sirinivasan. New York Columbia University Press (Published by the National Bureau of Economic Research 1975) 261 pages.

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-114
Author(s):  
Abdur Razzaq Shahid
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Exchange Rate Policy ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
The Government ◽  
Exchange Control

This volume on India is one of a series of research projects on exchange control, liberalization, and economic development, undertaken for many less developed countries. The study deals with three major topics: exchange control, liberalization, and growth. First, under 'The Anatomy of Exchange Control', the methods of allocation and intervention in the foreign trade and payments practised by the government during the restrictive period 1956-66 and their economic impact are discussed. Then, a detailed analysis of the 'Liberalization Episode' which covers the policies in the period 1966-68, including the June 1966 devaluation, and the episode's effect on price level, economic activity, and exports is given. Finally, the overall growth effects of the foreign trade regime (broadly defined as exchange rate policy plus the frame-work of relevant domestic policies such as industrial licensing), and their possible contribution to India's rather unsatisfactory economic performance are examined.

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