scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI KARTILAGO SENDI LUTUT TIKUS WISTAR SETELAH PEMBERIAN SIPROFLOKSASIN

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy Lintong ◽  
Carla Kairupan ◽  
Mulyadi Saul

Abstract: Ciprofloxacin is a kind of antibiotic which belongs to the fluoroquinolone group. It is very effective against microbes, but has several side effects in bones, joints, and tendons, especially for individuals under 18 years. The purpose of this study was to find out the side effects of ciprofloxacin on wistar rats’ knee joints. This was an experimental and descriptive study, using 12 wistar rats as samples, which were grouped in 4 groups: 3 treated, 1 control. The treated groups were given different total daily oral doses of ciprofloxacin (2 mg, 6 mg, and 18 mg) for 14 days. On the 15th day, all the samples were terminated, and their right back knees were examined pathologically, focusing on the knee cartilages. Wistar rats treated with 18 mg ciprofloxacin showed foci of cartilage matrix edema and degradation of chondrocytes. This study concluded that 18 mg doses of ciprofloxacin daily caused destruction of the matrix and chondrocytes of the wistar rats’ knee joint cartilages. Key words: ciprofloxasin, knee joint, matrix edema, chondrocytes’ degradation. Abstrak: Siprofloksasin adalah antibiotik golongan fluorokuinolon yang sangat efektif untuk mengobati infeksi, namun dapat menimbulkan beberapa efek samping, antara lain gangguan pada tulang, sendi, dan tendon, terutama pada yang berusia dibawah 18 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek siprofloksasin pada sendi lutut tikus. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental deskriptif dengan menggunakan sampel 12 ekor tikus wistar  yang dibagi atas empat kelompok (3 kelompok perlakuan  dan 1 kelompok kontrol). Pada kelompok perlakuan diberikan siprofloksasin per oral dengan  dosis 2mg, 6 mg, dan 18 mg setiap hari  selama 14 hari. (Dosis ini pada manusia dengan berat badan rata  rata 50 kg setara dengan dosis  1000 mg, 3000 mg, dan 9000 mg per hari). Pada hari ke15, tikus kontrol dan perlakuan diterminasi kemudian sendi lutut di eksisi dan dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi. Pemeriksaan  histopatologi sendi lutut difokuskan pada jaringan kartilago hialin. Tikus kontrol dan tikus perlakuan dengan pemberian siprofloksasin dosis 2 mg dan 6 mg memperlihatkan jaringan kartilago normal; sedangkan pada tikus perlakuan dengan dosis 18 mg  terlihat fokus-fokus pembengkakan matriks tulang rawan dan degradasi kondrosit. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian siprofloksasin pada tikus wistar dengan dosis 18 mg (setara dengan 9000 mg pada manusia)  per hari selama 14 hari telah menimbulkan kelainan fokal pada kartilago berupa pembengkakan matriks dan degradasi kondrosit. Kata kunci: siprofloksasin, sendi lutut, pembengkakan matriks, degradasi kondrosit.

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Ha Bui Manh ◽  
Thanh Le Thai Van

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy, side effects of laser 532-nm Nd:YAG picosecond in treating solar lentigo and ephelides at HCMC hospital of dermato-venereology. Objectives and Method: Prospective - descriptive study. There were 43 patients dealing with solar lentigo and ephelides treated with laser 532-nm Nd:YAG picosecond. Each patient went through 3 treatments with one month interval, three months follow up for delayed side effects and recurrent. Evaluating the treatment by MI, VLCS, self-patient evaluation with 5 grades scale. Evaluating side effects of the treatment by 5 grade Wong-Baker scale. Collected data were analysed with SPSS.20.0. Results: Based on MI at the end of the study, the effectiveness of the treatment gained 81.4% good, 16.3% average and 2.3% bad. Self-patient evaluation revealed 76.7% good, 20.9% average and 2.3% bad. VLCS of post-treatment reduced 7.44 ± 2.14 unit compares with of pre-treatment. Recently after treatment, 100% patients had erythema and mild pain in 5 grade Wong-Baker scale, 20.9% had mild edema, 2.3% had post imflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Two ephelides cases recurred 3 months after treatment (4.6%). Conclusions: Laser 523-nm Nd:YAG picosecond has high efficacy and less side effects in treating solar lentigo and ephelides. Key words: solar lentigo, ephelides, laser 532-nm Nd:YAG picosecond


2015 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Van Anh Nguyen ◽  
Van Nhan Le ◽  
Nguyen Nhu Phuong Phan

Objectives: To investigate and evaluate the therapeutic effects of Hoe hoa tan II in the treatment of internal haemorroids grade I, II and III. Ingredients of the remedy include: Hoe Hoa (Styphonolonium japonicum), Chi xac (Fructus citri Aurantii), Hau phac (Magnolia offinalis), Tran bi (Citrus deliciosa Tenore), Thuong thuat (Atractylodes lancea), O mai (Armeniaca vulgaris Lamk), Cam thao (Clycyrrhiza uralensis), Duong quy (Radix Angelicae Sinensis). Subjects and methods: Randomised controlled study (RCT) has been conducted on 60 patients which were divided into two groups, i.e. the first 30 patient group were treated with Hoe hoa tan II remedy 20 g, and the second 30 patient group were treated with Daflon 500 mg in the course of 14 days. Results: Study showed that Hoe hoa tan II has helped improve symptoms of internal haemorroids grade I, II and III such as bleeding, anal exudation, pain, reducing the size of the haemorroid tissues. The remedy has been shown to have the most significant effect on relieving constipation which is typical in haemorroids. The study also revealed no unwanted effects caused by this formula. Conclusion: Hoe hoa tan II can be therapeutically used to treat internal haemorroids grade I, II and III without causing any serious side effects. Key words: Hoe hoa tan II, internal haemorroids grade I, II, III.


2016 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Van Huy Tran ◽  
Thi Huyen Thuong Nguyen

Background: Data about efficacy of Tenofovir in patients of HBV –related cirrhosis in Vietnam was still limited. This study is aimed at: - evaluating the clinical, biochemical, virological and Child-Pugh score responses 3,6,9 months after Tenofovir therapy; - assessing possible side effects of tenofovir. Patients and methods: 40 patients with HBV-related cirrhosis were enrolled. All has received Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg/day. Follow-up after 3,6 and 9 months. Results: Anorexia, oedema and ascites were significantly improved after treatment. HBV DNA became undetectable in 92.5%, 94.55 and 100% after 3,6 and 9 months, respectively. Child- Pugh score was improved after treatment (5.94±0.22 after treatment vs 7.47±0.28 before treatment). Side effects were minors (nausea, vomiting). No case of increase in serum creatinine was found. Conclusion: Tenofovir showed effective and safe in patients of HBV-related cirrhosis. Key words: Cirrhosis, tenofovir, HBV. Key words: cirrhosis, tenofovir, HBV


Author(s):  
Mallikarjunaswamy Shivagangadharaiah Matada ◽  
Mallikarjun Sayabanna Holi ◽  
Rajesh Raman ◽  
Sujana Theja Jayaramu Suvarna

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of joint cartilage affecting the elderly people around the world. Visualization and quantification of cartilage is very much essential for the assessment of OA and rehabilitation of the affected people. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most widely used imaging modality in the treatment of knee joint diseases. But there are many challenges in proper visualization and quantification of articular cartilage using MRI. Volume rendering and 3D visualization can provide an overview of anatomy and disease condition of knee joint. In this work, cartilage is segmented from knee joint MRI, visualized in 3D using Volume of Interest (VOI) approach. Methods: Visualization of cartilage helps in the assessment of cartilage degradation in diseased knee joints. Cartilage thickness and volume were quantified using image processing techniques in OA affected knee joints. Statistical analysis is carried out on processed data set consisting of 110 of knee joints which include male (56) and female (54) of normal (22) and different stages of OA (88). The differences in thickness and volume of cartilage were observed in cartilage in groups based on age, gender and BMI in normal and progressive OA knee joints. Results: The results show that size and volume of cartilage are found to be significantly low in OA as compared to normal knee joints. The cartilage thickness and volume is significantly low for people with age 50 years and above and Body Mass Index (BMI) equal and greater than 25. Cartilage volume correlates with the progression of the disease and can be used for the evaluation of the response to therapies. Conclusion: The developed methods can be used as helping tool in the assessment of cartilage degradation in OA affected knee joint patients and treatment planning.


Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Maria Natalia Calienni ◽  
Daniela Maza Vega ◽  
C. Facundo Temprana ◽  
María Cecilia Izquierdo ◽  
David E. Ybarra ◽  
...  

Vismodegib is a first-in-class inhibitor for advanced basal cell carcinoma treatment. Its daily oral doses present a high distribution volume and several side effects. We evaluated its skin penetration loaded in diverse nanosystems as potential strategies to reduce side effects and drug quantities. Ultradeformable liposomes, ethosomes, colloidal liquid crystals, and dendrimers were able to transport Vismodegib to deep skin layers, while polymeric micelles failed at this. As lipidic systems were the most effective, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of Vismodegib-loaded ultradeformable liposomes, apoptosis, and cellular uptake. Vismodegib emerges as a versatile drug that can be loaded in several delivery systems for topical application. These findings may be also useful for the consideration of topical delivery of other drugs with a low water solubility.


2017 ◽  
pp. 120-122
Author(s):  
N.V. Avramenko ◽  
◽  
I.B. Gridina ◽  

Maintenance of reproductive health and decision of problem of safe contraception women with excessive weight have the issue of the day of present time and it is confessed by important direction of modern medicine. The objective: to define influence of hormonal contraception on the mucous membrane of neck of uterus for women with surplus mass of body. Patients and methods. In 90 women with excessive weight influence of hormonal contraception is studied on the mucous membrane of neck of uterus. Results. It is set that a modern hormonal contraception does not have a negative influence on the state of mucous membrane of neck of uterus for women with surplus mass of body. Conclusion. Women with excessive weight and can effectively and safely to use a modern hormonal contraception. But it is necessary to carry out a clinical supervision for the step of that additional elucidations are possible about the features of application of hormonal contraception for patients with excessive mass of body. Key words: contraception, overweight, side effects.


2017 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
L. Nazarenko ◽  

The article discusses the pathogenetic basis for the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSPVP) in obstetric practice for the treatment of pain syndrome in women with threatened abortion and pathological preliminary period. Provided with modern views on the mechanisms of analgesic clinical efficacy, side effects NSPVP. Provides information about the place of NSPVP during pregnancy, the risks to the fetus, the positive aspects in the conduct of women at risk of preterm birth, the pathological preliminary period. Key words: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, pain, premature birth, preliminary period.


2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
S. E. Rzheussky ◽  
◽  
P. S. Varabei ◽  

The article studies the domestic market of vasodilators for cardiac diseases in Belarus by analyzing and comparing secondary marketing information. The structure of the market depending on the manufacturing country was studied. It was established that medicines containing isosorbide mononitrate/dinitrate have the greatest number of indications to use and the least number of side effects. The dynamics of changing the sales of medicines in the vasodilators group for cardiac diseases for the period 2010-2018 is presented. The market attractiveness of medicines of the vasodilators group for cardiac diseases was studied using the matrix of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG matrix).


Author(s):  
V.V. Brzheskiy ◽  
◽  
O.A. Konikova ◽  
N.N. Sadovnikova ◽  
E.L. Efimova ◽  
...  

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed several aspects of the problems directly related to the Ophthalmologists: damage to the eyes of patients with the SARS-CoV-2 virus; organization of medical work in a pandemic, including in a medical department redesigned to treat patients infected with SARS-CoV-2; side effects of personal protective equipment usage and anti-epidemic measures aimed to protect the organ of vision. Ocular manifestations were noted in 15–23% of children and 4–31% of adults with COVID-19. They were usually limited to acute conjunctivitis with «clear» discharge, hyperemia, edema and folliculosis of the conjunctiva, which reduced in 7–14 days without any treatment or on symptomatic therapy. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the tear and epithelium of the conjunctiva does not always correlated with the presence and severity of conjunctivitis and therefore had no clinical significance. There were also other problems associated with anti-epidemic measures (dry eye syndrome when wearing personal protective equipment, computer visual syndrome, etc.), which also requires attention of Ophthalmologists. Key words: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, ocular manifestations in children and adults.


1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 3740-3749 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Neugebauer ◽  
H. Vanegas ◽  
J. Nebe ◽  
P. Rumenapp ◽  
H. G. Schaible

1. The present study addresses the involvement of voltage-dependent calcium channels of the N and L type in the spinal processing of innocuous and noxious input from the knee joint, both under normal conditions and under inflammatory conditions in which spinal cord neurons become hyperexcitable. In 30 anesthetized rats, extracellular recordings were performed from single dorsal horn neurons in segments 1–4 of the lumbar spinal cord. All neurons had receptive fields in the ipsilateral knee joint. In 22 rats, an inflammation was induced in the ipsilateral knee joint by kaolin and carrageenan 4–16 h before the recordings. The antagonist at N-type calcium channels, omega-conotoxin GVIA (omega-CTx GVIA), was administered topically in solution to the dorsal surface of the spinal cord at the appropriate spinal segments in 6 rats with normal joints and in 12 rats with inflamed knee joints. The antagonist at L-type channels, nimodipine, was administered topically in 5 rats with normal joints and in 11 rats with inflamed knee joints. In another five rats with inflamed joints, antagonists at L-type calcium channels (diltiazem and nimodipine) and omega-CTx GVIA were administered ionophoretically with multibarrel electrodes close to the neurons recorded. 2. The topical administration of omega-CTx GVIA to the spinal cord reduced the responses to both innocuous and noxious pressure applied to the knee joint in a sample of 11 neurons with input from the normal joint and in a sample of 16 neurons with input from the inflamed joint (hyperexcitable neurons). The responses were decreased to approximately 65% of the predrug values within administration times of 30 min. A similar reduction of the responses to innocuous and noxious pressure was observed when omega-CTx GVIA was administered ionophoretically to nine hyperexcitable neurons. In neurons with input from the normal or the inflamed knee joint, the administration of omega-CTx GVIA led also to a reduction of the responses to innocuous and noxious pressure applied to the noninflamed ankle joint. 3. The topical administration of nimodipine decreased the responses to innocuous and noxious pressure applied to the knee in a sample of 9 neurons with input from the normal joint and in a sample of 16 neurons with input from the inflamed knee joint (hyperexcitable neurons). Within administration times of 30 min, the responses were reduced to approximately 70% of the predrug values. In hyperexcitable neurons, the responses to innocuous and noxious pressure applied to the knee were also decreased during ionophoretic administration of nimodipine (6 neurons) and diltiazem (9 neurons). When the noninflamed ankle was stimulated, the responses to innocuous pressure were reduced neither in neurons with input from the normal knee nor in neurons with input from the inflamed knee, but the responses of hyperexcitable neurons to noxious pressure onto the ankle were reduced. The ionophoretic administration of the agonist at the L-type calcium channel, S(-)-Bay K 8644, enhanced the responses to mechanical stimulation of the knee joint in all 14 hyperexcitable neurons tested. The effect of S(-)-Bay K 8644 was counteracted by both diltiazem (in 6 of 6 neurons) and nimodipine (in 5 of 5 neurons). 4. These data show that antagonists at both the N- and the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels influence the spinal processing of input from the knee joint. The data suggest, therefore, that voltage-dependent calcium calcium channels of both the N and the L type are important for the sensory functions of the spinal cord. They are involved in the spinal processing of nonnociceptive as well as nociceptive mechanosensory input from the joint, both under normal and inflammatory conditions. The present results show in particular that N- and L-type channels are likely to be involved in the generation of pain evoked by noxious mechanical stimulation in normal tissue as well as in the mechanical hyperalgesia that is usually pres


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